大肠息肉

大肠息肉
大肠息肉
	医生通过结肠镜检查在患者的乙状结肠发现直径约为1厘米的息肉。最终该息肉通过网状烧灼法（英语：snare cautery）切除
类型	intestinal polyp[]、colonic neoplasm[]、polyp of large intestine[*]
分类和外部资源
医学专科	胃肠学
ICD-10	K63.5
MedlinePlus	000266
eMedicine	172674
	[编辑此条目的维基数据]

大肠息肉（polyp of the large intestine^[1]^[2]^[3]）又称结肠息肉、结直肠息肉（colorectal polyp），是出现在结肠或直肠隆起于肠黏膜表面病变组织（息肉）的总称^[4]。如果放任大肠息肉生长则可能会发展为大肠癌^[5]。

事实速览 大肠息肉, 类型 ...

关闭

男性的大肠息肉发病率高于女性，年纪越大，发病率也越高^[6]^[7]。

7 sources

症状

大多数大肠息肉患者都没有任何症状，因此多由结肠镜检查或肛门指诊发现。但有些患者会有一些症状^[5]，例如：大便颜色变化，便后在大便上可以附有少量血液；排便习惯改变，可能便秘、排便不畅、腹泻、大便时或大便后加重的腹痛。有些不易察觉的慢性息肉出血，会造成缺铁性贫血，造成疲惫和气短；甚至有些具有长蒂的息肉在排便时可脱出肛门外^[8]^[9]。

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分类

大肠息肉有多种分类方式：

形态分类（无蒂息肉或有蒂息肉）：前者基底贴附于结肠壁，后者息肉和结肠壁之间有黏膜蒂^[10]^[11]。
病理分类（腺瘤性息肉或非腺瘤性息肉）：前者又分为管状腺瘤、绒毛状腺瘤及混合型腺瘤；后者又分为错构瘤、炎性息肉、增生性息肉^[12]。多采用 Morgan 组织学分类。
数目分类（单发或多发）。

3 sources

参考文献

[1]
Snover DC. Diagnostic and reporting issues of preneoplastic polyps of the large intestine with early carcinoma. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2019;39:1-14. doi:10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.11.001
[2]
Rosty C, Hewett DG, Brown IS, Leggett BA, Whitehall VL. Serrated polyps of the large intestine: current understanding of diagnosis, pathogenesis, and clinical management. J Gastroenterol. 2013;48(3):287-302. doi:10.1007/s00535-012-0720-y
[3]
de la Plaza R, Picardo AL, Cuberes R, et al. Inflammatory fibroid polyps of the large intestine. Dig Dis Sci. 1999;44(9):1810-1816. doi:10.1023/a:1018886421409
[4]
Marks, Jay W. Colon Polyps: Symptoms, Causes, Cancer Risk, Treatment, and Prevention. Colon polyps center. MedicineNet. [18 Jan 2020]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-18）.
[5]
Phillips, Michael M. Colorectal polyps. Medical Encyclopedia. MedlinePlus. September 25, 2019 [18 Jan 2020]. （原始内容存档于2016-07-05）. 引用错误：带有name属性“Medline”的<ref>标签用不同内容定义了多次
[6]
复旦大学附属中山医院. 大肠息肉=肿瘤吗？. [2021-07-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-21）.
[7]
首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院. 结肠息肉要早查早治. [2021-07-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-23）.
[8]
Colon polyps. Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. [18 Jan 2020].
[9]
Quick CR, Reed JB, Harper SJ, Saeb-Parsy K, Burkitt HG. Essential Surgery: Problems, Diagnosis and Management. Edinburgh: Elsevier. 2014. ISBN 9780702054839. OCLC 842350865.^{[页码请求]}
[10]
Classen, Meinhard; Tytgat, G.N.J.; Lightdale, Charles J. Gastroenterological Endoscopy. Thieme. 2002: 303. ISBN 1-58890-013-4.
[11]
Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL (编). Sabiston Textbook of Surgery E-Book 19th. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Elsevier Saunders. 2015. ISBN 978-1-4377-1560-6 –通过Google Books (Preview).
[12]
Finlay A Macrae. Overview of colon polyps. UpToDate. This topic last updated: Dec 10, 2018.

[1] [1]
Snover DC. Diagnostic and reporting issues of preneoplastic polyps of the large intestine with early carcinoma. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2019;39:1-14. doi:10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.11.001

[2] [2]
Rosty C, Hewett DG, Brown IS, Leggett BA, Whitehall VL. Serrated polyps of the large intestine: current understanding of diagnosis, pathogenesis, and clinical management. J Gastroenterol. 2013;48(3):287-302. doi:10.1007/s00535-012-0720-y

[3] [3]
de la Plaza R, Picardo AL, Cuberes R, et al. Inflammatory fibroid polyps of the large intestine. Dig Dis Sci. 1999;44(9):1810-1816. doi:10.1023/a:1018886421409

[MedNet-4] [4]
Marks, Jay W. Colon Polyps: Symptoms, Causes, Cancer Risk, Treatment, and Prevention. Colon polyps center. MedicineNet. [18 Jan 2020]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-18）.

[Medline-5] [5]
Phillips, Michael M. Colorectal polyps. Medical Encyclopedia. MedlinePlus. September 25, 2019 [18 Jan 2020]. （原始内容存档于2016-07-05）. 引用错误：带有name属性“Medline”的<ref>标签用不同内容定义了多次

[6] [6]
复旦大学附属中山医院. 大肠息肉=肿瘤吗？. [2021-07-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-21）.

[7] [7]
首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院. 结肠息肉要早查早治. [2021-07-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-23）.

[mayo-8] [8]
Colon polyps. Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. [18 Jan 2020].

[:0-9] [9]
Quick CR, Reed JB, Harper SJ, Saeb-Parsy K, Burkitt HG. Essential Surgery: Problems, Diagnosis and Management. Edinburgh: Elsevier. 2014. ISBN 9780702054839. OCLC 842350865.^{[页码请求]}

[MC-10] [10]
Classen, Meinhard; Tytgat, G.N.J.; Lightdale, Charles J. Gastroenterological Endoscopy. Thieme. 2002: 303. ISBN 1-58890-013-4.

[:2-11] [11]
Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL (编). Sabiston Textbook of Surgery E-Book 19th. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Elsevier Saunders. 2015. ISBN 978-1-4377-1560-6 –通过Google Books (Preview).

[UpToDate-12] [12]
Finlay A Macrae. Overview of colon polyps. UpToDate. This topic last updated: Dec 10, 2018.

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