ex

參見：Ex、ex.、ex- 和 -ex

英語

發音

• 國際音標^(幫助): /ɛks/

• 音頻 (美式)：

  (檔案)

• 韻部：-ɛks

詞源1

名詞

ex (複數 exes)

1. 拉丁文字字母X的名稱。

派生詞

• exray
• ex-ray

參見

• (拉丁字母字母名稱) a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee / zed

詞源2

源自刪除時多用的叉形類似字母X。

動詞

ex (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 exes，現在分詞 exing，一般過去時及過去分詞 exed)

1. 刪除

詞源3

前綴ex-的單獨使用。

名詞

ex (複數 exes)

1. 〈口〉 前任（前夫/前妻/前男女朋友）

   Her ex is still sending her flowers, even though she has moved on.

   雖然她早就搬家了，她前任還在給他送花。

形容詞

ex (無比較級)

1. 之前的

詞源4

源自拉丁語 ex (“出，從”)，源自電報縮寫。

形容詞

ex (無比較級)

1. (火車) 本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。Module:Utilities/templates第22行Lua错误：Parameter 1 is required.
   • 1885, F. A. Marindin, 引 Arthur Oakes, 編者Henry G. Calcraft, Annual Reports, Returns, Etc‎^[1], Midland Railway - inquiry into the causes of a collision at Swinton station，第 96 頁:

     When between the station and the junction I was looking to the rear of the train on the near side, thinking it possible that we might receive a signal from the guard to shunt at Swindon junction to allow the 2.27 a.m. fast train ex Derby to pass, but the guard did not give any signal

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1921, John Hope Fellows 編, The Locomotive News and Railway Contractor, Volumes 8-10‎^[2], Locomotive news agency，第 34 頁:

     The train was the 12.40 p.m. ex Derby on January 14th, 1914

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2003年2月11日, "Fat Richard", “Re: Chiltern not stopping at Warwick Parkway”, 出自 uk.railway‎^[3] (Usenet), retrieved 11 June 2018, message-ID <[e-mail]>:

     All trains from start of service up to the 13.57 ex Norwich (16.45 ex Nottingham) are 4 cars between Nottingham and Liverpool and all East bound trains are 4 cars from Liverpool Lime Street as far as Nottingham.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2016年3月17日, Derek Jones, “South East Bus Festival, Detling, 2 April 2016”, 出自 Invicta Newsgroup‎^[4] (Usenet), retrieved 11 June 2018, message-ID <CAJ9GgXJNSabs=[e-mail]>:

     The outward timing is: Ashford International railway station (domestic side) *departs at 09.25hrs* (connecting with the 07.32 ex Brighton *Marshlink* train and, 08.37 ex London St. Pancras International *HS1* train)

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

詞源5

expensive的縮略。

形容詞

ex (比較級 more ex，最高級 most ex)

1. (新加坡)〈口〉 貴的

   It's too ex.

   太貴了。

異序詞

• xe

加泰羅尼亞語

名詞

ex m 或 f (無屈折)

1. 前任（前夫/前妻/前男女朋友）

荷蘭語

發音

• 音頻：

  (檔案)

• 韻部：-ɛks

名詞

ex m 或 f (複數 exen，指小 exje n)

1. 前任（前夫/前妻/前男女朋友）

德語

動詞

ex

1. exen 的命令式单数。
2. 〈口〉 exen 的第一人称单数现在时。

匈牙利語

發音

• 國際音標^(幫助): [ˈɛks]
• 斷字：ex
• 韻部：-ɛks

名詞

ex (複數 exek)

1. 〈口〉 前任（前夫/前妻/前男女朋友）

變格

變格 (詞幹：-e-，元音和諧律：前不圓唇)
	單數	複數
主格	ex	exek
賓格	exet	exeket
與格	exnek	exeknek
工具格	exszel	exekkel
因果格	exért	exekért
轉移格	exszé	exekké
到格	exig	exekig
樣格-形式	exként	exekként
樣格-情態	—	—
內格	exben	exekben
頂格	exen	exeken
接格	exnél	exeknél
入格	exbe	exekbe
上下格	exre	exekre
向格	exhez	exekhez
出格	exből	exekből
上格	exről	exekről
奪格	extől	exektől

ex 的所有格形 所有者 单数所有物 复数所有物 第一人称单数 exem exeim 第二人称单数 exed exeid 第三人称单数 exe exei 第一人称复数 exünk exeink 第二人称复数 exetek exeitek 第三人称复数 exük exeik

冰島語

發音

• 國際音標^(幫助): /ɛks/
• 國際音標^(幫助): /ɛxs/

名詞

ex n (屬格單數 ex，主格複數 ex)

1. 拉丁字母X/x的名稱。

變格

	單數		複數
	不定	定指	不定	定指
主格	ex	exið	ex	exin
賓格	ex	exið	ex	exin
與格	exi	exinu	exum	exunum
屬格	ex	exins	exa	exanna

ex 的變格 (中性)

意大利語

名詞

ex m 或 f

1. 前任（前夫/前妻/前男女朋友）

拉丁語

發音

• (古典拉丁語) 國際音標^(幫助): /eks/, [ɛks̠]
• (教會拉丁語) 國際音標^(幫助): /eks/, [ɛks]

• 音頻 (古典)：

  (檔案)

詞源1

名詞

ex f (ex)

1. 字母 X 的名稱。

使用注意

• 字母X, x最開始有多種名稱，最常見的有ix/īx, ex，或單音節x，也有可能有過xē, xə的名稱。

近義詞

• ix, īx

相關詞彙

• Template:Latin letter names of the Roman alphabet

參考資料

• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), especially pages 30–31, 42–44, and 63

詞源2

源自原始印歐語 *h₁eǵʰs (“出”)。與古希臘語 ἐξ (ex)/ἐκ (ek), 古愛爾蘭語 ess-, a, ass, 立陶宛語 ìš, 古教會斯拉夫語 из (iz)同源。

介詞

ex (+ 奪格)

1. 出，從

使用注意

• 有時縮作ē。後跟的名詞奪格以元音或 h 時則不縮寫。另外，兩種形式可以在同一句子中出現 (如 "qui ex corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolaverunt”, Cicero, Republic 6, 14)。

反義詞

• in

派生詞

• dēex
• ex-
• exter
• ex librīs

派生語彙

• 葡萄牙語: eis

參考資料

• ex in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• “ex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891年) An Elementary Latin Dictionary，New York：Harper & Brothers
• ex在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• ex在Gaffiot, Félix (1934年) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典)，Hachette中的內容
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894年) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[5]，London：Macmillan and Co.
  • to stand out of the water: ex aqua exstare
    
  • to come to the surface: (se) ex aqua emergere
    
  • to draw off water from a river: aquam ex flumine derivare
    
  • the Rhine rises in the Alps: Rhenus oritur or profluit ex Alpibus
    
  • the tide is coming in: aestus ex alto se incitat (B. G. 3.12)
    
  • to evacuate territory: (ex) finibus excedere
    
  • to return from a journey: ex itinere redire
    
  • to leave a place: discedere a, de, ex loco aliquo
    
  • to leave a place: egredi loco; excedere ex loco
    
  • to quit a place for ever: decedere loco, de, ex loco
    
  • to dismount: descendere ex equo
    
  • the Nile rushes down from very high mountains: Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus
    
  • to rush out of the house: se proripere ex domo
    
  • since the time that, since (at the beginning of a sentence): ex quo tempore or simply ex quo
    
  • to wrest from a person's hand: ex or de manibus alicui or alicuius extorquere aliquid
    
  • to go out of sight, disappear: abire ex oculis, e conspectu alicuius
    
  • a native of England: ortus ab Anglis or oriundus ex Anglis
    
  • to leave one's boyhood behind one, become a man: ex pueris excedere
    
  • to have the gout: ex pedibus laborare, pedibus aegrum esse
    
  • to recover from a disease: ex morbo convalescere (not reconvalescere)
    
  • to sleep soundly (from fatigue): arte, graviter dormire (ex lassitudine)
    
  • to depart this life: (ex) vita excedere, ex vita abire
    
  • to depart this life: de vita exire, de (ex) vita migrare
    
  • concatenation, interdependence of causes: rerum causae aliae ex aliis nexae
    
  • important results are often produced by trivial causes: ex parvis saepe magnarum rerum momenta pendent
    
  • to originate in, arise from: ex aliqua re nasci, manare
    
  • to accrue in great abundance: ex aliqua re redundare (in or ad aliquid)
    
  • untold advantages arise from a thing: utilitas efflorescit ex aliqua re
    
  • these things have the same origin: haec ex eodem fonte fluunt, manant
    
  • from every point of view; looked at in every light: omni ex parte; in omni genere; omnibus rebus
    
  • to a certain extent: aliqua ex parte
    
  • to depend upon a thing: pendēre ex aliqua re
    
  • to be composed of; to consist of: constare ex aliqua re
    
  • it is evident from..: cernitur (in) aliqua re (not ex aliqua re)
    
  • to let success slip through one's fingers: fortunam ex manibus dimittere
    
  • his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is..: ad felicitatem (magnus) cumulus accedit ex aliqua re
    
  • to rescue from peril: aliquem ex periculo eripere, servare
    
  • to raise a man from poverty to wealth: aliquem ex paupere divitem facere
    
  • to be of use: usui or ex usu esse
    
  • to derive (great) profit , advantage from a thing: fructum (uberrimum) capere, percipere, consequi ex aliqua re
    
  • (great) advantage accrues to me from this: fructus ex hac re redundant in or ad me
    
  • to find favour with some one; to get into their good graces: benevolentiam, favorem, voluntatem alicuius sibi conciliare or colligere (ex aliqua re)
    
  • according to a man's deserts: ex, pro merito
    
  • as one would wish; to one's mind: ex sententia
    
  • I heard him say..: ex eo audivi, cum diceret
    
  • to derive pleasure from a thing: voluptatem ex aliqua re capere or percipere
    
  • to recruit oneself, seek relaxation: animum relaxare, reficere, recreare or simply se reficere, se recreare, refici, recreari (ex aliqua re)
    
  • to infer by comparison, judge one thing by another: coniecturam alicuius rei facere or capere ex aliqua re
    
  • to judge others by oneself: de se (ex se de aliis) coniecturam facere
    
  • to relieve a man of his scruple: scrupulum ex animo alicuius evellere (Rosc. Am. 2. 6)
    
  • according to my strong conviction: ex animi mei sententia (vid. sect. XI. 2)
    
  • to put off from one day to another: diem ex die ducere, differre
    
  • from memory; by heart: ex memoria (opp. de scripto)
    
  • the memory of this will never fade from my mind: numquam ex animo meo memoria illius rei discedet
    
  • a thing escapes, vanishes from the memory: aliquid excidit e memoria, effluit, excidit ex animo
    
  • to choose one from a large number of instances: ex infinita exemplorum copia unum (pauca) sumere, decerpere (eligere)
    
  • to take a lesson from some one's example: sibi exemplum sumere ex aliquo or exemplum capere de aliquo
    
  • systematic succession, concatenation: continuatio seriesque rerum, ut alia ex alia nexa et omnes inter se aptae colligataeque sint (N. D. 1. 4. 9)
    
  • to derive an argument from a thing: argumentum ducere, sumere ex aliqua re or petere ab aliqua re
    
  • to draw a conclusion from a thing: concludere, colligere, efficere, cogere ex aliqua re
    
  • it follows from this that..: sequitur (not ex quo seq.) ut
    
  • it follows from this that..: ex quo, unde, hinc efficitur ut
    
  • to speak extempore: subito, ex tempore (opp. ex praeparato) dicere
    
  • there is a flavour of Atticism about his discourse: ex illius orationibus ipsae Athenae redolent
    
  • profound sentiments: sententiae reconditae ex exquisitae (Brut. 97. 274)
    
  • to read a speech: de scripto orationem habere, dicere (opp. sine scripto, ex memoria)
    
  • to translate from Plato: ab or de (not ex) Platone vertere, convertere, transferre
    
  • what follows has been translated into Latin from Plato's Phaedo: ex Platonis Phaedone haec in latinum conversa sunt
    
  • to extract a word from some one: verbum ex aliquo elicere
    
  • no word escaped him: nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (or simply ei)
    
  • to form, derive a word from... (used of the man who first creates the word): vocabulum, verbum, nomen ducere ab, ex...
    
  • to make extracts from Cicero's writings: aliquid, multa ex Ciceronis libris excerpere (not excerpere librum)
    
  • to take pleasure in a thing: laetitiam capere or percipere ex aliqua re
    
  • I am pained, vexed, sorry: doleo aliquid, aliqua re, de and ex aliqua re
    
  • to be vexed about a thing: dolorem capere (percipere) ex aliqua re
    
  • to undergo severe trouble, trials: magnum luctum haurire (without ex-)
    
  • to feel sorrow about a thing: luctum percipere ex aliqua re
    
  • to recover from one's fright: ex metu se recreare, se colligere
    
  • to stifle, repress all humane sentiments in one's mind: omnem humanitatem ex animo exstirpare (Amic. 13. 48)
    
  • to love deeply: aliquem ex animo or ex animi sententia amare (Q. Fr. 1. 1. 5)
    
  • to banish love from one's mind: amorem ex animo eicere
    
  • to banish all feeling of prejudice from the mind: suspicionem ex animo delere
    
  • to make a person odious, unpopular: invidiam, odium ex-, concitare alicui, in aliquem
    
  • to live as scrupulously moral a life as ever: nihil ex pristina virtute remittere
    
  • to measure something by the standard of something else; to make something one's criterion: metiri, ponderare, aestimare, iudicare aliquid (ex) aliqua re
    
  • to banish devout sentiment from the minds of others: religionem ex animis extrahere (N. D. 1. 43. 121)
    
  • I swear on my conscience: ex animi mei sententia iuro
    
  • sole heir; heir to three-quarters of the estate: heres ex asse, ex dodrante
    
  • heir to two-thirds of the property: heres ex besse
    
  • according to my custom: ex consuetudine mea (opp. praeter consuetudinem)
    
  • according to traditional usage: ex instituto (Liv. 6. 10. 6)
    
  • to have a large income from a thing (e.g. from mines): magnas pecunias ex aliqua re (e.g. ex metallis) facere
    
  • the rate of interest has gone up from 4 per cent to 8 per cent: fenus ex triente Id. Quint. factum erat bessibus (Att. 4. 15. 7)
    
  • to make profit out of a thing: lucrum facere (opp. damnum facere) ex aliqua re
    
  • to get out of debt: ex aere alieno exire
    
  • to depose, bring down a person from his elevated position: aliquem ex altissimo dignitatis gradu praecipitare (Dom. 37. 98)
    
  • to raise oneself by another's fall: crescere ex aliquo
    
  • to profit by the unpopularity of the senate to gain influence oneself: crescere ex invidia senatoria
    
  • to use some one's unpopularity as a means of making oneself popular: ex invidia alicuius auram popularem petere (Liv. 22. 26)
    
  • owing to political dissension: ex rei publicae dissensione
    
  • to banish a person, send him into exile: ex urbe (civitate) expellere, pellere aliquem
    
  • to expel a person from the city, country: exterminare (ex) urbe, de civitate aliquem (Mil. 37. 101)
    
  • to deliver the state from a tyranny: rem publicam in libertatem vindicare a or ex dominatione
    
  • the public income from the mines: pecunia publica, quae ex metallis redit
    
  • to go to law with a person: (ex) iure, lege agere cum aliquo
    
  • justly and equitably: ex aequo et bono (Caecin. 23. 65)
    
  • to make a sally, sortie from the town: eruptionem facere ex oppido
    
  • to make a sally, sortie from the town: crebras ex oppido excursiones facere (B. G. 2. 30)
    
  • to fight on horseback: ex equo pugnare
    
  • soldiers routed and dispersed: ex (in) fuga dissipati or dispersi (B. G. 2. 24)
    
  • to die of wounds: ex vulnere mori (Fam. 10. 33)
    
  • to triumph over some one: triumphare de aliquo (ex bellis)
    
  • to triumph over some one: triumphum agere de or ex aliquo or c. Gen. (victoriae, pugnae)
    
  • according to treaty: ex pacto, ex foedere
    
  • the ships sail from the harbour: naves ex portu solvunt
    
  • the ships sail out on a fair wind: ventum (tempestatem) nancti idoneum ex portu exeunt
    
  • the storm drives some one on an unknown coast: procella (tempestas) aliquem ex alto ad ignotas terras (oras) defert
    
  • to land, disembark: exire ex, de navi
    
  • much damage was done by this collision: ex eo navium concursu magnum incommodum est acceptum
    
  • from this it appears, is apparent: ex quo intellegitur or intellegi potest, debet
    
  • from this it appears, is apparent: ex quo perspicuum est
    
• ex in Ramminger, Johann (访问于16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[6]，pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• “ex”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857年) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography，第 1 & 2 卷，London：Walton and Maberly
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008年) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)，Leiden, Boston：Brill，ISBN 9789004167971，第 195f 頁

中古英語

名詞

ex

1. ax (“斧”)的另一種寫法

葡萄牙語

名詞

ex m 或 f 遵詞義 (無語尾變化)

1. 〈口〉 前任（前夫/前妻/前男女朋友）

西班牙語

發音

• 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈeɡs/ [ˈeɣ̞s]
• 韻部：-eɡs
• 斷字：ex

名詞

ex m 或 f (複數 exes)

1. 前任（前夫/前妻/前男女朋友）

形容詞

ex (多用於名詞前)

1. 之前的

使用注意

一般情況下與ex-可以互換，如前省長可作ex gobernador或exgobernador。

《西班牙語詞典》（DRAE）認為前綴ex-多用於單詞 (如excapitán)，ex 則多用於非單個的詞(如ex primera dama - 前第一夫人)

瑞典語

名詞

ex n

1. 〈口〉 前任（前夫/前妻/前男女朋友）

變格

		主格	屬格
單數	不定	ex	ex
	定指	exet	exets
複數	不定	ex	ex
	定指	exen	exens

ex 的變格形式