拉斯維加斯豹紋蛙

拉斯維加斯豹紋蛙
保護狀況
	; 絕滅（IUCN 3.1）
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	脊索動物門 Chordata
綱：	兩棲綱 Amphibia
目：	無尾目 Anura
科：	赤蛙科 Ranidae
屬：	蛙屬 Rana
種：	†拉斯維加斯豹紋蛙 R. fisheri
二名法
	†Rana fisheri; (Stejneger, 1893)
	拉斯維加斯豹紋蛙的分佈地
異名
	Rana fisheri; Rana pipiens fisheri ; Stebbins, 1951; Rana onca fisheri ; Stebbins, 1985; Rana (Rana) fisheri ; Dubois, 1987; Rana (Pantherana) fisheri ; Dubois, 1992; Rana (Novirana, Sierrana, Pantherana, Stertirana, Lacusirana) fisheri ; Hillis & Wilcox, 2005; Lithobates fisheri ; Frost et al. 2006; Lithobates (Lithobates) fisheri ; Dubois, 2006; Lithobates fisheri ; Crother;

拉斯維加斯豹紋蛙（Rana fisheri），維加斯谷蛙，是美國特有的一種蛙。牠們於美國拉斯維加斯及內華達州的克拉克縣和莫戈永山西北部地區海拔370及760米出現。^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

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在克拉克縣曾發現了10個拉斯維加斯豹紋蛙的標本，並存放在密歇根大學。^[6]^[7]由於曾許久未被再次觀察到，在2011年以前，它們被認爲已經滅絕。^[1]^[5]而在2011年，一項基因分析表明，拉斯維加斯豹紋蛙的DNA與分佈在莫戈永山西北部地區的奇裏卡瓦豹紋蛙（英語：Rana chiricahuensis）(Rana chiricahuensis)完全一致，而後者目前仍是一個現生種。^[8]^[9]這意味它們並沒有絕滅，且與奇裏卡瓦豹紋蛙的莫戈永山西北部地區種羣屬同一物種。^[10]根據命名優先權，位於莫戈永山西北部地區的種羣，重新定義歸類至拉斯維加斯豹紋蛙，而分佈於南部和東部地區的種羣則繼續沿用奇裏卡瓦豹紋蛙的學名。^[8]

參考

[1]
Randy Jennings, Geoffrey Hammerson (2004) Lithobates fisheri （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2.
[2]
Linsdale, J. M. Amphibians and reptiles of Nevada. Proceeding of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 1940, 73 (8): 197–257.
[3]
Stebbins, R. C. Amphibians of western North America. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. 1951: ix+539 pp.
[4]
Stebbins, R. C. 1985. A field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, MA.. Mild. Nat. 77:323-355.
[5]
Jennings, R.D., Riddle, B.R. and Bradford, D. 1995. Rediscovery of Rana onca, the relict leopard frog, in southern Nevada with comments on the systematic relationships of some leopard frogs (Rana pipiens complex) and the status of populations along the Virgin River. Unpublished report.
[6]
Platz, J. E. 1984. Status report for Rana onca Cope. Unpublished report prepared for Office of Endangered Species, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Albuquerque, New Mexico. iv+27 pp.
[7]
Center for Biological Diversity and Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance. 2002. Petition to list the relict leopard frog (Rana onca) as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act. (Available online （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）)
[8]
Hekkala, Evon R.; Saumure, Raymond A.; Jaeger, Jef R.; Herrmann, Hans-Werner; Sredl, Michael J.; Bradford, David F.; Drabeck, Danielle; Blum, Michael J. Resurrecting an extinct species: Archival DNA, taxonomy, and conservation of the Vegas Valley leopard frog. Conservation Genetics. 2011, 12 (5): 1379. doi:10.1007/s10592-011-0229-6.
[9]
Bhanoo, S. N. A frog endangered but extinct no more. New York Times June 17, 2011. Accessed June 17, 2011.
[10]
Breathing life into an extinct species. Machines Like Us. June 17, 2011 [June 17, 2011]. （原始內容存檔於2011年7月21日）.

外部連結

[IUCN-1] [1]
Randy Jennings, Geoffrey Hammerson (2004) Lithobates fisheri （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2.

[Linsdale-2] [2]
Linsdale, J. M. Amphibians and reptiles of Nevada. Proceeding of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 1940, 73 (8): 197–257.

[Stebbins1951-3] [3]
Stebbins, R. C. Amphibians of western North America. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. 1951: ix+539 pp.

[Stebbins1985-4] [4]
Stebbins, R. C. 1985. A field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, MA.. Mild. Nat. 77:323-355.

[Jennings1995-5] [5]
Jennings, R.D., Riddle, B.R. and Bradford, D. 1995. Rediscovery of Rana onca, the relict leopard frog, in southern Nevada with comments on the systematic relationships of some leopard frogs (Rana pipiens complex) and the status of populations along the Virgin River. Unpublished report.

[Platz1984-6] [6]
Platz, J. E. 1984. Status report for Rana onca Cope. Unpublished report prepared for Office of Endangered Species, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Albuquerque, New Mexico. iv+27 pp.

[CBD-SUWA-2002-7] [7]
Center for Biological Diversity and Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance. 2002. Petition to list the relict leopard frog (Rana onca) as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act. (Available online （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）)

[Hekkala2011-8] [8]
Hekkala, Evon R.; Saumure, Raymond A.; Jaeger, Jef R.; Herrmann, Hans-Werner; Sredl, Michael J.; Bradford, David F.; Drabeck, Danielle; Blum, Michael J. Resurrecting an extinct species: Archival DNA, taxonomy, and conservation of the Vegas Valley leopard frog. Conservation Genetics. 2011, 12 (5): 1379. doi:10.1007/s10592-011-0229-6.

[bhanoo-9] [9]
Bhanoo, S. N. A frog endangered but extinct no more. New York Times June 17, 2011. Accessed June 17, 2011.

[mach-10] [10]
Breathing life into an extinct species. Machines Like Us. June 17, 2011 [June 17, 2011]. （原始內容存檔於2011年7月21日）.

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