特朗普和平計劃

特朗普和平計劃（Trump peace plan），正式名稱「實現和平的繁榮：改善巴勒斯坦和以色列人民生活的願景」（Peace to Prosperity: A Vision to Improve the Lives of the Palestinian and Israeli People），是特朗普政府提出的解決以巴衝突的提議。美國總統唐納德·特朗普與以色列總理班傑明·內塔尼亞胡於2020年1月28日在白宮新聞發佈會上正式宣佈了該計劃。^[1] 特朗普表示：「根據這一構想，耶路撒冷將繼續是以色列不分割的首都，這一點非常重要，不分割的首都。」 ^[2]巴勒斯坦政府沒有受邀參加該計劃的談判。

特朗普總統和內塔尼亞胡總理宣佈和平計劃，擬建的以巴邊界地圖，擬建巴勒斯坦首都的地區（黃色圓圈），巴勒斯坦國的條件，特朗普總統的開幕詞

過程

支持者稱「特朗普和平計劃」是「本世紀的交易」，總理本尼亞明·內塔尼亞胡在與唐納德·特朗普宣佈聯合計劃的聯合新聞發佈會上使用了措辭。^[2]

內容

計劃呼籲巴勒斯坦自治政府在未來四年中滿足讓美國承認一個獨立的巴勒斯坦國所必需條件，包括放棄恐怖主義、承認耶路撒冷為以色列首都、通過法律剷除腐敗，以及制止激進組織聖戰組織和哈馬斯組織在巴勒斯坦的活動。

以巴衝突

主要反應

2020年2月3日，伊斯蘭合作組織拒絕了該計劃，並「呼籲所有成員國不要參與該計劃或與美國政府合作以任何形式實施該計劃。」

中國外交部批評特朗普年的「世紀協議」，稱其過於偏向以色列。中國表示，聯合國決議、兩國解決方案、土地換和平原則以及其他國際支持的措施，才能解決以巴衝突的基礎。

根據《今日基督教》，基督教世界的反應參差不齊。該計劃得到了許多中東基督徒批評，包括在基督徒拿撒勒福音學院，加沙浸信會教堂，阿勒頗的長老會和在貝魯特的阿拉伯浸信會神學院。該計劃受到以色列基督教聯合會和阿拉巴馬州比森神學院的基督徒的好評。

其他反應

對於拉希德·哈利迪而言，特朗普的計劃並非是21世紀的新協議，而是遵循了英國早在美國實行的更早的殖民模式。^[3]^[4]

另見

亞伯拉罕協議

參考資料

[1]
Trump reveals Israeli-Palestinian peace plan. 德國之聲. January 28, 2020 [January 29, 2020]. （原始內容存檔於January 29, 2020）.
[2]
川普宣佈“中東和平計劃” 巴勒斯坦：違反國際法. Sina.^{[失效連結]}
[3]
Rashid Khalidi, "President Trump's Peace Plan Is the Latest in a Century of Outrageous Deals for the Palestinians" （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, 時代雜誌, January 31, 2020. 'The "Deal of the Century" as Trump described it, is in fact a typical colonial concoction: put together by those who believe that they know better than the benighted natives do what is best for them, and elevating the rights and interests of one group over those of another. This pattern, set by Great Britain and the early Zionist movement, has been followed by the U.S. and Israel ever since then.... While far more extreme and one-sided than anything that preceded it, this new plan also constitutes a continuation of a much older pattern. The Palestinians, the overwhelming majority of the population of Palestine at the time, were not even mentioned in the Balfour Declaration, whose terms governed their lives for three decades. Nor were they mentioned in UNSC 242, the supposed basis for "peace-making" in the Middle East, which not surprisingly has signally failed to bring peace to Palestine/Israel in over half a century.
[4]
The Guardian Long Read: No deal: why Trump’s plan for Palestine will only create more conflict. The Guardian. January 30, 2020 [February 2, 2020]. （原始內容存檔於2022-02-18）.

外部連結

"Peace to Prosperity" （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）全文
Peace to Prosperity short overview （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） Whitehouse.gov
Transcript of Trump Peace Plan Speech （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）

[dw-1] [1]
Trump reveals Israeli-Palestinian peace plan. 德國之聲. January 28, 2020 [January 29, 2020]. （原始內容存檔於January 29, 2020）.

[Ver-2] [2]
川普宣佈“中東和平計劃” 巴勒斯坦：違反國際法. Sina.^{[失效連結]}

[Khalidi-3] [3]
Rashid Khalidi, "President Trump's Peace Plan Is the Latest in a Century of Outrageous Deals for the Palestinians" （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, 時代雜誌, January 31, 2020. 'The "Deal of the Century" as Trump described it, is in fact a typical colonial concoction: put together by those who believe that they know better than the benighted natives do what is best for them, and elevating the rights and interests of one group over those of another. This pattern, set by Great Britain and the early Zionist movement, has been followed by the U.S. and Israel ever since then.... While far more extreme and one-sided than anything that preceded it, this new plan also constitutes a continuation of a much older pattern. The Palestinians, the overwhelming majority of the population of Palestine at the time, were not even mentioned in the Balfour Declaration, whose terms governed their lives for three decades. Nor were they mentioned in UNSC 242, the supposed basis for "peace-making" in the Middle East, which not surprisingly has signally failed to bring peace to Palestine/Israel in over half a century.

[4] [4]
The Guardian Long Read: No deal: why Trump’s plan for Palestine will only create more conflict. The Guardian. January 30, 2020 [February 2, 2020]. （原始內容存檔於2022-02-18）.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]