先行詞(上行語,英語:antecedent)是指能賦予其他代詞具體意義的字詞、短語、從句<子句>。[1] 代詞可從其先行詞得出它的具體意義,例如英語句子:"Susan arrived late because traffic held her up."(蘇珊來遲了,因為交通狀況延遲了她的行程)。代詞"her"(她)表明為"Susan"(蘇珊)且其含義也來自"蘇珊",所以蘇珊是"her"(她)的"先行詞"。代詞通常跟隨在他們的先行詞的後面,但有時它們在先行詞前面。

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