CD28受體家族

CD28受體家族（英語：CD28 family receptors）是一類表達在免疫細胞表面的受體，CD28家族也是免疫球蛋白超家族的一員^[1] 。

左圖為T細胞表面的CD28與抗原呈遞細胞的B7蛋白結合來激活T細胞啟動免疫響應

家族的兩個成員，CD28和ICOS，能作為T細胞的陽性激活受體，另外三個BTLA^[2]、CTLA-4和PD-1則起抑制作用^[1]，CD28家族受體的配體通常為B7蛋白質家族^[3]。

CD28受體家族在T細胞的發育和增殖中起作用^[4]，增強來自T細胞受體（TCR）的信號，以刺激免疫反應^[5]，以及對調節性T細胞的抗炎反應。

參考文獻

1. Arch, Robert H.; Green, Jonathan M. Chapter 16: Costimulatory molecules in T-cell activation and transplantation: Section 2: The CD28 receptor family. Burlingham, William J.; Wilkes, David S. (編). Immunobiology of Organ Transplantation. Boston, MA: Springer US. 2012: 292–8. ISBN 978-1-4419-8999-4.
2. Carreno BM, Collins M. BTLA: a new inhibitory receptor with a B7-like ligand. Trends in Immunology. October 2003, 24 (10): 524–7. PMID 14552835. doi:10.1016/j.it.2003.08.005.
3. Carreno BM, Collins M. The B7 family of ligands and its receptors: new pathways for costimulation and inhibition of immune responses. Annual Review of Immunology. 2002, 20: 29–53. PMID 11861596. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.091101.091806.
4. Wakamatsu E, Omori H, Ohtsuka S, Ogawa S, Green JM, Abe R. Regulatory T cell subsets are differentially dependent on CD28 for their proliferation. Molecular Immunology. September 2018, 101: 92–101. PMID 29909367. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2018.05.021.
5. Morin SO, Giroux V, Favre C, Bechah Y, Auphan-Anezin N, Roncagalli R, et al. In the absence of its cytosolic domain, the CD28 molecule still contributes to T cell activation. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. July 2015, 72 (14): 2739–48. PMC 4826669 . PMID 25725801. doi:10.1007/s00018-015-1873-7.