阿波羅絹蝶（學名：Parnassius apollo）是屬於絹蝶亞科絹蝶族的一種蝴蝶，是絹蝶屬的一種，也是其模式種。共有23個亞種[3]。分佈於歐洲及亞洲西與北部地區。模式產地為瑞典[4]。較新的研究發現此物種的基因有強烈差異，並推定此物種包含了5個不同的物種[1]。
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學名（種名）源自拉丁語Apollo，該詞來自古希臘語Apóllōn，意即羅馬神話中的太陽神阿波羅，中文蝶名也如是命名[5]。
雄蝶翅膀呈乳白色，翅脈灰黃色，前翅外緣具寬半透明帶，亞緣有不規則黑帶紋，中室外具2列黑橫斑，中室端角中部各具1個大黑斑，後緣具1個黑色臀斑，翅基黑色；後翅正面亞緣黑帶斷裂為6個黑斑，前緣及中部各有1個黑環、內有白心的大紅斑，基部和內緣基半部黑色，外面有2個並列的黑色臀斑。反面似正面，但翅基有4個紅斑，外圍黑環，臀斑亦是外圍黑環的紅斑。雌蝶翅斑紋似雄蝶，但翅面發黃，前翅外緣半透明帶及亞緣黑帶較雄蝶寬而清晰，後翅紅斑較雄蝶大而鮮豔[5]。
出沒於海拔750至2000米地區，緯度越高的地區他們就會出沒於越近海平面的高度。成蟲出現在6-9月，一年一代，以卵越冬[6]。幼蟲的寄主為景天科紅景天屬、景天屬及長生草屬（Crassulaceae: ''Sedum, Sempervivum）植物[7][8]，物種包括：
- 紅景天 Rhodiola rosea
- Sedum album
- Sedum rupestre
- 紫八寶 Sedum telephium
- Parnassius apollo apollo L.
- Parnassius apollo alpherakyi Krulikowsky, 1906
- Parnassius apollo bartholomaeus Stichel, 1899
- Parnassius apollo democratus Kulikowsky, 1906
- Parnassius apollo filabricus Sagarra, 1933
- Parnassius apollo gadorensis Rougeot & Capdeville, 1969
- Parnassius apollo geminus Schawerda, 1907
- Parnassius apollo graecus Ziegler, 1901
- Parnassius apollo hesebolus Nordmann, 1851
- Parnassius apollo hispanicus Oberthür, 1909
- Parnassius apollo limicola Stichel, 1906
- Parnassius apollo merzbacheri Fruhstorfer, 1906
- Parnassius apollo nevadensis Oberthür, 1891
- Parnassius apollo provincialis Kheil, 1905
- Parnassius apollo pyrenaica Harcourt-Bath, 1896
- Parnassius apollo rhodopensis Markowitsch, 1910
- Parnassius apollo rhaeticus Fruhstorfer, 1906
- Parnassius apollo rhea (Poda, 1761)
- Parnassius apollo rubidus Fruhstorfer, 1906
- Parnassius apollo sibiricus Nordmann, 1851
- Parnassius apollo sicilae Oberthür, 1891
- Parnassius apollo valesiacus Fruhstorfer, 1906
- Parnassius apollo vinningensis Stichel, 1899
Condamine, F. L., Rolland, J., Hohna, S., Sperling, F. A., & Sanmartin, I. (2017). Testing the role of the Red Queen and Court Jester as drivers of the macroevolution of Apollo butterflies. bioRxiv, 198960.
Gimenez Dixon, M. 1996. Parnassius apollo. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996: e.T16249A5593483. （英文） Smart, P. (1975) The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World. Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd., London.
Linnaeus, 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 465 Chou, 1994. Monografia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium 1: 198 （簡體中文）
Collins, N.M. and Morris, M.G. 1985. Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World. The IUCN Red Data Book. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge.
Seppänen, 1970. Suomen suurperhostoukkien ravintokasvit Animalia Fennica 14
Tuzov, Bogdanov, Devyatkin, Kaabak, Korolev, Murzin, Samodurov, Tarasov, 1997. Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories: Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Satyridae Butts. Russia adj. terr. 1
- Condamine, F. L. (2018). Limited by the roof of the world: mountain radiations of Apollo swallowtails controlled by diversity-dependence processes. Biology letters, 14(3), 20170622.
- Lewis, 1974. Butterflies of the World: pl. 1, f. 6
- Xavier Mérit and Véronique Mérit: Les Parnassius de France, textes de Xavier Mérit-Véronique Mérit et Henri Descimon, cartes de répartition, planches, et photos en nature de Luc Manil, Xavier Mérit et Bernard Turlin, bibliographies, Bulletin des Lépidoptéristes parisiens, Volume 15 (2006), n°33 (numéro thématique), Paris, septembre 2006 (56 pages).
- Pierre Capdeville, 1978–1980, Les races géographiques de Parnassius apollo, 191 p - 26 tables - maps - 24 plates in colours, Sciences Nat, Venette.
- Jean-Claude Weiss: The Parnassiinae of the World, Pt. 4, 2005, Hillside Books, Canterbury. [1] （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- Edwin Möhn, 2005 Schmetterlinge der Erde, Butterflies of the world Part 23 Papilionidae XII. Parnassius apollo. Edited by Erich Bauer and Thomas Frankenbach Keltern: Goecke & Evers; Canterbury: Hillside Books. ISBN 9783937783161
