肌失養症[1][2](muscular dystrophy,MD)又稱肌營養不良、肌肉萎縮症[3],是一組主要累及骨骼肌造成慢性進行性骨骼肌無力萎縮的遺傳性疾病。肌失養症症表現進行性骨骼肌萎縮,肌肉蛋白質缺失,和肌肉細胞或組織的死亡。
肌營養不良症劃分
有九種疾病(杜興氏肌肉營養不良症、貝克爾氏肌失養症、肢節型肌失養症症、先天性肌失養症症、面肩胛肱型肌失養症症、肌強直性營養不良、眼咽肌失養症、三好氏遠端肌肉無力症/遠端型肌肉失養症和艾梅氏肌失養症)被劃分為肌失養症症。
體徵和症狀
符合肌營養不良症的體徵和症狀是:[4]
- 漸進性肌肉萎縮
- 平衡感不佳
- 脊柱側彎 (彎曲的脊柱和背部)
- 逐漸無力走路
- 蹣跚的步態
- 小腿變型
- 有限的移動範圍
- 呼吸困難
- 心肌病變
- 肌肉痙攣
- 高爾現象
延伸閱讀
- DE LOS ANGELES BEYTÍA, MARIA; VRY, JULIA; KIRSCHNER, JANBERND. Drug treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: available evidence and perspectives. Acta Myologica. 2012-05-01, 31 (1): 4–8. ISSN 1128-2460. PMC 3440798 . PMID 22655510.
- Bertini, Enrico; D'Amico, Adele; Gualandi, Francesca; Petrini, Stefania. Congenital Muscular Dystrophies: A Brief Review. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology. 2011-12-01, 18 (4): 277–288. ISSN 1071-9091. PMC 3332154 . PMID 22172424. doi:10.1016/j.spen.2011.10.010.
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外部連結
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