海菊蛤,又稱海菊貝紅螺車蠔,是海扇蛤目的其中一海菊蛤科Spondylidae),以及此科下唯一的海菊蛤屬Spondylus)。海菊蛤的外觀與牡蠣科相似,但其外殼帶有紅色。其殼內之肉可供食用,中國的西沙海域盛產的紅螺,特別鮮味[1]。 海菊蛤物種的型態及分佈範圍差異頗大,但牠們其實與扇貝屬於同一個總科。與牡蠣科物種黏合在岩石上不同,海菊蛤都以足絲來固定。

Quick Facts 科學分類, 屬 ...
海菊蛤屬
化石時期:Mesozoic至Present
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海菊蛤S. regius)的外殼
科學分類 編輯
界: 動物界 Animalia
門: 軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱: 雙殼綱 Bivalvia
目: 鶯蛤目 Pteriida
科: 海菊蛤科 Spondylidae
Gray, 1826
屬: 海菊蛤屬 Spondylus
Linnaeus, 1758

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物種

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Pacific thorny oyster, S. crassisquama Lamark, 1819, from the Sea of Cortez, Mexico
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The interior of two fossil valves of Spondylus from the Pliocene of Cyprus
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夏威夷採集的貓舌海菊蛤 Spondylus linguaefelis Sowerby, 1847
  • 棘刺海菊蛤 Spondylus aculeatus Schröter, 1788
  • S. americanus Hermann, 1781 — Atlantic thorny oyster
  • 無棘海菊蛤 Spondylus anacanthus Mawe, 1823 — nude thorny oyster
  • 橘色海菊蛤 Spondylus aurantius Lamarck, 1819
  • 鬚毛海菊蛤 Spondylus barbatus Reeve英語Lovell Augustus Reeve, 1856
  • 巴氏海菊蛤 Spondylus butleri Reeve, 1856
  • S. calcifer Carpenter, 1857
  • 潔海菊蛤 Spondylus candidus Lamarck,1819
  • 白海菊蛤 Spondylus castus Reeve, 1856
  • S. clarksoni Limpus, 1992
  • S. crassisquama Lamarck, 1819 (S. princeps Broderip, 1833) — Pacific thorny oyster
  • 血色海菊蛤 Spondylus cruentus Lischke, 1868
  • S. cumingii Sowerby, 1847
  • S. dutempleanus Linnaeus, 1758
  • S. echinatus Schreibers, 1793
  • 怒發海菊蛤 Spondylus erectospinus Habe,1973
  • 直棘海菊蛤 Spondylus erectospinosus Habe, 1973
  • S. erinaceus Reeve, 1856
  • 異棘海菊蛤 Spondylus gaederopus Linnaeus, 1758 — European thorny oyster
  • S. gilvus Reeve, 1856
  • S. groschi Lamprell & Kilburn, 1995
  • 古氏海菊蛤 Spondylus gussoni (O. G Costa, 1829)
  • S. hawaiiensis Dall, Bartsch and Rehder, 1938
  • 亥氏海菊蛤 Spondylus heidkeae Lamprell & Healy, 2001
  • S. hystrix Röding, 1798
  • S. ictericus Reeve, 1856
  • S. imbutus Reeve, 1856
  • 堂皇海菊蛤 Spondylus imperialis Chenu, 1843
  • S. japonicus Kur — Japanese spiny oyster
  • S. lamarcki Chenu, 1845
  • S. layardi Reeve, 1856
  • 貓舌海菊蛤 S. linguaefelis

Sowerby, 1847[2]

  • S. longitudinalis Lamarck, 1819
  • S. marisrubri Röding, 1798
  • S. microlepos Lamarck, 1819
  • 多棘海菊蛤 Spondylus multimuricatus Reeve, 1856
  • S. multisetosus Reeve, 1856
  • 尼科巴海菊蛤 Spondylus nicobaricus Schreibers, 1793
  • S. occidens Sowerby, 1903
  • S. plurispinosus Reeve, 1856
  • S. powelli Smith, 1892
  • S. pratii Parth, 1990
  • 猩猩海菊蛤 Spondylus regius Linnaeus, 1758,鶯王海菊蛤
  • S. sanguineus Dunker, 1852
  • S. senegalensis Schreibers, 1793
  • S. setiger Reeve, 1846
  • 中華海菊蛤 Spondylus sinensis Schreibers, 1793
  • S. smythaea Lamprell, 1998
  • S. somalicus M. Parth & R. Philippe, 1992
  • 奇海菊蛤 Spondylus spectrum Reeve, 1856
  • 厚殼海菊蛤 Spondylus squamosus Schreibers, 1793
  • S. tenellus Reeve, 1856
  • 藍巨海菊蛤 S. varius Sowerby,1829
  • S. variegatus Schreibers, 1793
  • 金黃海菊蛤 Spondylus versicolor Schreibers, 1793
  • S. vexillum Reeve, 1856
  • 瑞氏海菊蛤 Spondylus wrightianus Crosse, 1872 — Wright's thorny oyster
  • S. zonalis Lamarck, 1819
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A view of the colorful mantle edges of a live thorny oyster from East Timor: The eyes can be seen on the fringe between the mantle and the shell.

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