File:Holocene_Sea_Level.png
維基百科,自由的 encyclopedia
Holocene_Sea_Level.png (512 × 364 像素,檔案大小:22 KB,MIME 類型:image/png)
摘要
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Post-Glacial_Sea_Level.png/250px-Post-Glacial_Sea_Level.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png/250px-Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png)
This figure shows changes in sea level during the Holocene, the time following the end of the most recent glacial period, based on data from Fleming et al. 1998, Fleming 2000, & Milne et al. 2005. These papers collected data from various reports and adjusted them for subsequent vertical geologic motions, primarily those associated with post-glacial continental and hydroisostatic rebound. The first refers to deformations caused by the weight of continental ice sheets pressing down on the land, the latter refers to uplift in coastal areas resulting from the increased weight of water associated with rising sea levels. It should be noted that because of the latter effect and associated uplift, many islands, especially in the Pacific, exhibited higher local sea levels in the mid Holocene than they do today. Uncertainty about the magnitude of these corrections is the dominant uncertainty in many measurements of Holocene scale sea level change.
The black curve is based on minimizing the sum of squares error weighted distance between this curve and the plotted data. It was constructed by adjusting a number of specified tie points, typically placed every 1 kyr and forced to go to 0 at the modern day. A small number of extreme outliers were dropped. It should be noted that some authors propose the existence of significant short-term fluctuations in sea level such that the sea level curve might oscillate up and down about this ~1 kyr mean state. Others dispute this and argue that sea level change has been a smooth and gradual process for essentially the entire length of the Holocene. Regardless of such putative fluctuations, evidence such as presented by Morhange et al. (2001) suggests that in the last 10 kyr sea level has never been higher than it is at present.
Other related versions:[編輯]
-
SVG - Català
-
PNG - English
-
SVG - Français
-
PNG - Français
-
SVG - Español
Copyright
This figure was prepared by Robert A. Rohde from published data, and is incorporated into the Global Warming Art project.
![]() |
已授權您依據自由軟體基金會發行的無固定段落、封面文字和封底文字GNU自由文件授權條款1.2版或任意後續版本,對本檔進行複製、傳播和/或修改。該協議的副本列在GNU自由文件授權條款中。http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue |
![]() ![]() ![]() |
此檔案採用共享創意 姓名標示-相同方式分享 3.0 未在地化版本授權條款。 | |
| ||
已新增授權條款標題至此檔案,作為GFDL授權更新的一部份。http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/CC BY-SA 3.0Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0truetrue |
References
- Fleming, Kevin, Paul Johnston, Dan Zwartz, Yusuke Yokoyama, Kurt Lambeck and John Chappell (1998). "Refining the eustatic sea-level curve since the Last Glacial Maximum using far- and intermediate-field sites". Earth and Planetary Science Letters 163 (1-4): 327-342. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00198-8
- Fleming, Kevin Michael (2000年) 《 Glacial Rebound and Sea-level Change Constraints on the Greenland Ice Sheet》、Australian National University PhD Thesis
- Milne, Glenn A., Antony J. Long and Sophie E. Bassett (2005). "Modelling Holocene relative sea-level observations from the Caribbean and South America". Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (10-11): 1183-1202. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.10.005
- Morhange, C., J. Laborel, A. Hesnard (2001). "Changes of relative sea level during the past 5000 years in the ancient harbor of Marseilles, Southern France". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 166: 319-329.
![]() |
本圖片是以PNG、GIF或JPEG格式上傳。然而,其中包含的資料或訊息,應該重新建立成可縮放向量圖形(SVG)檔案,以更有效率或更準確的方式儲存。如有可能,請上傳本圖片的SVG格式版本。在上傳之後,請修改維基各姊妹計畫中所有使用舊版圖片的條目(列在圖像連結章節中),替換為新版圖片,並在舊圖片的描述頁中加入{{Vector version available|新圖片名稱.svg}}模板,同時移除本模板。
|
說明
在此檔案描寫的項目
描繪內容
GNU自由文檔許可證1.2或更高版本 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)
共享創意署名-相同方式共享3.0Unported Chinese (Hong Kong) (已轉換拼寫)
多媒體型式 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)
image/png
檔案歷史
點選日期/時間以檢視該時間的檔案版本。
日期/時間 | 縮圖 | 尺寸 | 用戶 | 備註 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
目前 | 2006年4月10日 (一) 07:20 | ![]() | 512 × 364(22 KB) | Pflatau | ==Description== thumb|right|250px|Sea level rise since the last [[ice age|glacial episode]] thumb|right|250px|Sea level rise from direct measurements during the last 120 years This |
檔案用途
沒有使用此檔案的頁面。
全域檔案使用狀況
以下其他 wiki 使用了這個檔案:
- da.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- de.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- en.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- en.wikiversity.org 的使用狀況
- es.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- fi.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- fr.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- hu.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- it.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- lv.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- nl.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- pl.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- pt.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- ta.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- tr.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
- vls.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
詮釋資料
此檔案中包含擴展的資訊。這些資訊可能是由數位相機或掃描器在建立時或數位化過程中所加入。
如果此檔案的來源檔案已被修改,一些資訊在修改後的檔案中將不能完全反映出來。
使用軟體 |
---|