Gallium

Gallium sī 1 ê hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘. I ê goân-chú-hoan sī 31, hoà-ha̍k hû-hō sī Ga.

Gallium,  ₃₁Ga

Ki-pún sèng-chit
Miâ, hû-hō	gallium, Ga
Gōa-hêng	silver-white
Gallium tī chiu-kî-piáu lāi ê ūi-tì
Al ↑ Ga ↓ In A-iân ← gallium → germanium
Goân-chú-hoan	31
Goân-chú-liōng (±)	69.723(1)[1]
Goân-sò͘ lūi-pia̍t	āu-kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k
Cho̍k, hun-khu	13 cho̍k, p khu
Chiu-kî	tē 4 chiu-kî
Tiān-chú pâi-lia̍t	[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
per shell	2, 8, 18, 3
Bu̍t-lí sèng-chit
Siòng	kò͘-thé
Iûⁿ-tiám	302.9146 K ​(29.7646 °C, ​85.5763 °F)
Hut-tiám	2673 K ​(2400 °C, ​4352 °F)[2]
Bi̍t-tō͘  (sek-un)	5.91 g·cm−3
6.095 g·cm−3
Iûⁿ-hoà-jia̍t	5.59 kJ·mol−1
Cheng-hoat-jia̍t	256 kJ·mol−1[2]
Jia̍t-iông-liōng	25.86 J·mol−1·K−1
cheng-khì-ap P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k tī T (K) 1310 1448 1620 1838 2125 2518
Goân-chú sèng-chit
Sng-hòa-sò͘	3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −4, −5[3] ​(an amphoteric oxide)
Tiān-hū-tō͘	Pauling scale: 1.81
Tiān-lī-lêng	1st: 578.8 kJ·mol−1 2nd: 1979.3 kJ·mol−1 3rd: 2963 kJ·mol−1 (more)
Goân-chú pòaⁿ-kèng	empirical: 135 pm
Kiōng-kè pòaⁿ-kèng	122±3 pm
Van der Waals pòaⁿ-kèng	187 pm
Cha̍p-lio̍k
Chiⁿ-thé kò͘-chō	​orthorhombic
Siaⁿ-sok (sòe kùn-á)	2740 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)
Jia̍t-phòng-tiòng	18 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Jia̍t-thoân-tō-lu̍t	40.6 W·m−1·K−1
Tiān-chó͘-lu̍t	270 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Chû-sèng	diamagnetic
Young hē-sò͘	9.8 GPa
Poisson pí	0.47
Mohs ngē-tō͘	1.5
Brinell ngē-tō͘	56.8–68.7 MPa
CAS teng-kì pian-hō	7440-55-3
Le̍k-sú
Hō-miâ	after Gallia (Latin for: France), homeland of the discoverer
Chhui-chhek	Dmitri Mendeleev (1871)
Hoat-hiān kap siōng chá ê tông-ūi-sò͘	Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1875)
Chòe ún-tēng ê tông-ūi-sò͘
Chú bûn-chiong: gallium ê tông-ūi-sò͘
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 69Ga 60.11% 69Ga is stable with 38 neutrons 71Ga 39.89% 71Ga is stable with 40 neutrons

Chham-khó

1. Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
2. Zhang Y; Evans JRG; Zhang S (2011). "Corrected Values for Boiling Points and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Elements in Handbooks". J. Chem. Eng. Data. 56 (2): 328–337. doi:10.1021/je1011086.
3. Hofmann, Patrick (1997). Colture. Ein Programm zur interaktiven Visualisierung von Festkörperstrukturen sowie Synthese, Struktur und Eigenschaften von binären und ternären Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallgalliden (PDF) (ēng Tek-gí). PhD Thesis, ETH Zurich. p. 72. doi:10.3929/ethz-a-001859893. ISBN 3728125970.