弗雷德里克·斯克里夫納

弗雷德里克·斯克里夫納（Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, 1813-1891），英國的新約學者，英語修訂版聖經委員會的成員。

主張

他主張翻譯聖經的人使用拜占庭文本類型，而不是亞歷山大文本。他是第一個將公認文本與拜占庭文本區分開來的人。他將伊拉斯謨、司提反（1550年）、貝扎（1565年）的版本進行了比較，並列舉了所有差異。他曾經仔細地查考欽定版聖經所用的公認文本，發現其譯者們主要跟從貝扎1598年的版本，但也參考了羅伯特·司提反的文本，此外也參考了武加大聖經的版本。他發現欽定本聖經在190處地方與貝扎的文本不一致^{[1] [2]}。其中59處地方與司提反1550年的文本是一致的。其他幾十處地方，他常常能在伊拉斯謨的版本中或是在《康普魯頓合參本》中找到對應^[3]。但在一些地方，他卻找不到與欽定本對應的希臘語文本，而在拉丁武加大聖經中找到了對應^[4]，比如在約翰福音10:16，希臘語是「合成一群」，但欽定本是「合成一圈」，與武加大譯本 "unum ovile"一致。再如，使徒行傳9:6的前半句話「掃羅驚恐地說道，主，要我做什麼？」也是源自拉丁武加大譯本。

1881年，斯克里夫納出版了《根據欽定本所遵循的文本而製作的希臘語原文新約，連同修訂版所採納的異讀（1881）》 （The New Testament in the Original Greek according to the Text followed in the Authorized Version, together with the Variations adopted in the Revised Version, 1881），這就是現在人們所說的斯克里夫納版本的公認文本。

著作

• A Supplement to the Authorized English Version of the New Testament: Being a Critical Illustration of its More Difficult Passages from the Syriac, Latin, and Earlier English Versions, with an Introduction, 1845.
• Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose. Full and Exact Collation of About Twenty Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels. Cambridge: John W. Parker and Son. 1853.
• Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose. An Exact Transcript of the Codex Augiensis. Cambridge and London: Deighton Bell & Co. 1859.
• Contributions to the criticism of the Greek New Testament: being the introduction to an edition of the Codex Augiensis and Fifty other Manuscripts (Cambridge: 1859)
• A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, 1861, 1894.
• A Full Collation of the Sinaitic MS. with the Received Text of the New Testament. 1864.
• A full and exact collation of Codex Sinaiticus, 1864.
• Bezae Codex Cantabrigiensis: being an exact Copy, in ordinary Type, of the celebrated Uncial Graeco-Latin Manuscript of the Four Gospels and Acts of the Apostles, written early in the Sixth Century, and presented to the University of Cambridge by Theodore Beza A.D. 1581. Edited, with a critical Introduction, Annotations, and Facsimiles, 1864.
• Six Lectures on the Text of the New Testament and the Ancient Manuscripts which contain it, Deighton, Bell, and Co: Cambridge; London, 1875.
• Novum Testamentum : textus Stephanici A.D. 1550 : accedunt variae lectiones editionum Bezae, Elzeviri, Lachmanni, Tischendorfii, Tregellesii (Cambridge 1877).
• The New Testament in the Original Greek according to the Text followed in the Authorized Version, together with the Variations adopted in the Revised Version, 1881.
• Novum Testamentum : Textus Stephanici A.D. 1550 : accedunt variae lectiones editionum Bezae, Elzeviri, Lachmanni, Tischendorfii, Tregellesii, Westcott-Hort, Versionis Anglicanae Emendatorum (1887).
• Codex S. Ceaddae latinus: Evangelia SSS. Matthaei, Marci, Lucae Ad Cap. III. 9 Complectens. Cambridge: C.J. Clay and Sons Archive.is的存檔，存檔日期2014-06-21, 1887.
• Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose. Adversaria Critica Sacra: With a Short Explanatory Introduction. Cambridge: At The University Press. 1893.
• A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, for the Use of Biblical Students (published posthumously and coauthored by Edward Miller), 1894.

參考

1. Do I REALLY believe that FHA Scrivener BACK-TRANSLATED the Textus Receptus from the KJV?. [2024-04-07]. （原始內容存檔於2024-04-07）.
2. Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose. The Authorized Edition of the English Bible, 1611, its subsequent reprints and modern representatives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1884 [2015-02-28]. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-05）.
3. Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose. The Authorized Edition of the English Bible, 1611, its subsequent reprints and modern representatives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1884 [2015-02-28]. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-05）.
4. Scrivener 1884