蒿屬

蒿屬
	中亞苦蒿（Artemisia abrotanum）
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
演化支：	菊類植物 Asterids
目：	菊目 Asterales
科：	菊科 Asteraceae
亞科：	菊亞科 Asteroideae
總族：	紫菀總族 Asterodae
族：	春黃菊族 Anthemideae
亞族：	菊亞族 Chrysantheminae
屬：	蒿屬 Artemisia; L., 1753
模式種
	北艾 Artemisia vulgaris; L.
異名
	Abrotanum Duhamel ; Abrotanum Mill., 1754 ; Absinthium Mill. ; Artanacetum (Rzazade) Rzazade ; Artemisiastrum Rydb. ; Chamartemisia Rydb. ; Draconia Heist. ex Fabr. ; Dracunculus Ledeb. ; Hydrophytum Eschw. ; Oligosporus Cass. ; Picrothamnus Nutt. ; 絹蒿屬 Seriphidium (Besser ex Less.) Fourr. ; Sphaeromeria Nutt. ; Vesicarpa Rydb.;

蒿屬（學名：Artemisia）又名艾屬，古亦稱「菻（lam4）」（蒿類植物的總稱），是菊科中一個大屬，約有200—400種，其中包括許多種常見的藥草，以1、2年生草本植物為主，多有濃烈的香味，葉上多具白色絨毛。蒿屬主要生長在亞洲和歐洲以及北美洲，少數分佈在非洲北部和大洋洲地區，緯度跨度大，在溫帶、寒溫帶及亞熱帶地區均有分佈。

快速預覽 蒿屬, 科學分類 ...

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學名 Artemisia 來源於古希臘女神阿耳忒彌斯。^[1]亦有說法指於公元前 350 年間去世的一名著名植物學家、醫學研究者阿爾特米西亞二世。^[2]

本屬包括以下物種：

鹼蒿 Artemisia abrotanum
中亞苦蒿 Artemisia absinthium
東北絲裂蒿 Artemisia adamsii
黃花蒿 Artemisia annua
奇蒿 Artemisia anomala
S. Moore^[3]
- 尾尖奇蒿 Artemisia anomala var. acuminatissima Y. R. Ling^[4]
沙篙 Artemisia arenaria ，沙蒿
艾草 Artemisia argyi
銀葉蒿 Artemisia argyrophylla
褐頭蒿 Artemisia aschurbajewii
銀蒿 Artemisia austriaca
巴爾古津蒿 Artemisia bargusinensis
Artemisia brevis ^[5]
矮叢蒿 Artemisia caespitosa
Artemisia calcicola X.Q.Guo & L.Wang^[6]
荒野蒿 Artemisia campestris
茵蔯蒿 Artemisia capillaris
青蒿 Artemisia carvifolia
蛔蒿 Artemisia cina
纖杆蒿 Artemisia demissa
中亞草原蒿 Artemisia depauperata
龍蒿 Artemisia dracunculus ^[7]
牛尾蒿 Artemisia dubia Wall. ex Besser, 1834
垂葉蒿 Artemisia flaccida ^[8]
綠櫛齒葉蒿 Artemisia freyniana
冷蒿 Artemisia frigida
亮綠蒿 Artemisia glabella Kar. & Kir., 1841，為Artemisia obtusiloba var. glabra Ledeb.的異名
細裂葉蓮蒿 Artemisia gmelinii Weber ex Stechm., 1775
纖細絹蒿 Artemisia gracilescens Krasch. & Iljin， 1949
鹽蒿 Artemisia halodendron Turcz. ex Besser， 1835
五月艾 Artemisia indica Willd.， 1803
尖裂葉蒿 Artemisia incisa Pamp.
柳葉蒿 Artemisia integrifolia L., 1753
牡蒿 Artemisia japonica Kitam., 1940
Artemisia kargilensis L. Ali, A. A. Khuroo & A. H. Ganie, 2023^[9]
新疆絹蒿 Artemisia kaschgarica
菴閭 Artemisia keiskeana
掌裂蒿 Artemisia kuschakewiczii
白苞蒿 Artemisia lactiflora
白山蒿 Artemisia lagocephala
寬葉蒿 Artemisia latifolia
白葉蒿 Artemisia leucophylla
濱海牡蒿 Artemisia littoricola
細杆沙蒿 Artemisia macilenta
亞洲大花蒿 Artemisia macrantha
大花蒿 Artemisia macrocephala
中亞旱蒿 Artemisia marschalliana
尖櫛齒葉蒿 Artemisia medioxima
墊型蒿 Artemisia minor
蒙古蒿 Artemisia mongolica
矮濱蒿 Artemisia nakaii
西南圓頭蒿 Artemisia neosinensis B. H. Jiao & T. G. Gao^[10]
玉山艾 Artemisia niitakayamensis
南亞蒿 Artemisia nilagirica
藏旱蒿 Artemisia nortonii ^[11]
鈍裂蒿 Artemisia obtusiloba
川西腺毛蒿 Artemisia occidentalisichuanensis
黑沙蒿 Artemisia ordosica
滇東蒿 Artemisia orientaliyunnanensis
光沙蒿 Artemisia oxycephala
黑蒿 Artemisia palustris
伊朗蒿 Artemisia persica
纖梗蒿 Artemisia pewzowii
褐苞蒿 Artemisia phaeolepis
西北蒿 Artemisia pontica
魁蒿 Artemisia princeps
灰苞蒿 Artemisia roxburghiana
紅足蒿 Artemisia rubripes
岩蒿 Artemisia rupestris
香葉蒿 Artemisia rutifolia ^[12]
白蓮蒿 Artemisia sacrorum
崑崙沙蒿 Artemisia saposhnikovii
豬毛蒿 Artemisia scoparia
絹毛蒿 Artemisia sericea
大籽蒿 Artemisia sieversiana
準噶爾沙蒿 Artemisia songarica
寬葉山蒿 Artemisia stolonifera
俄羅斯肉質葉蒿 Artemisia succulenta
陰地蒿 Artemisia sylvatica
裂葉蒿 Artemisia tanacetifolia
太白山蒿 Artemisia taibaishanensis ^[13]
裂葉蒿 Artemisia tanacetifolia
濕地蒿 Artemisia tournefortiana
三齒蒿 Artemisia tridentata
北艾 Artemisia vulgaris
藏龍蒿 Artemisia waltonii ^[14]
烏丹蒿 Artemisia wudanica
內蒙古旱蒿 Artemisia xerophytica
亞東蒿 Artemisia yadongensis
藏白蒿 Artemisia younghusbandii
察隅蒿 Artemisia zayuensis
蒔蘿蒿 Artemisia zhaodongensis
中甸艾 Artemisia zhongdianensis

原本歸類於蒿屬的物種：

石胡荽 Centipeda minima
狗茴香 Eupatorium capillifolium
線葉菊 Filifolium sibiricum
田基黃 Grangea maderaspatana
同花母菊 Matricaria discoidea

[1]
Shorter Oxford English Dictionary 6th ed. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. 2007: 3804. ISBN 0199206872.
[2]
Artemisinin. Emerging Infectious Diseases: 1217–1217. doi:10.3201/eid2007.et2007.
[3]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2021. Clarification of some morphological characters in Artemisia anomala (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), with reduction of var. tomentella and var. acuminatissima to the synonymy of the species. Phytotaxa 520: 57–74.
[4]
Wang L, Guo X Q, Yang Q E*. 2019. A note on the validation of the name Artemisia anomala var. acuminatissima (Asteraceae-Anthemideae). Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 27: 331–332.
[5]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2022. The identity of Artemisia brevis (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 543: 73–81.
[6]
Cheng-Sheng Li, Xiao-Rui Chi, Xin-Qiang Guo and Long Wang. 2022. Artemisia calcicola (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), A New Species from Karst Region in Guizhou, southwestern China. PhytoKeys. 213: 161-167. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.213.96203
[7]
Guo X Q, Wang L*. 2022. Second-step lectotypification of the Linnaean name Artemisia dracunculus (Asteraceae-Anthemideae). Kew Bulletin 77: 983–985.
[8]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E*. 2021. Artemisia flaccida (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) is merged with A. fulgens, with transfer of A. flaccida var. meiguensis to A. fulgens. Phytotaxa 514: 221–237.
[9]
Liyaqat ALI, Anzar Ahmad KHUROO, Aijaz Hassan GANIE and Tajamul ISLAM. 2023. Artemisia kargilensis (Asteraceae), A New Species from Ladakh (Trans-Himalaya), India. Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 53(4); 294-300. DOI: 10.11110/kjpt.2023.53.4.294
[10]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2022. Clarification of morphological characters and geographical distribution of Artemisia neosinensis (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), a strikingly misunderstood species from China. Phytotaxa 544: 11–36.
[11]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2022. Rediscovery of Artemisia nortonii (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and clarification of its type locality and geographical distribution. Phytotaxa 570 : 283–288.
[12]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2020. Lectotypification of Artemisia rutifolia var. ruoqiangensis (Asteraceae, Anthemideae). Phytotaxa 453: 49–51.
[13]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E*. 2021. Artemisia taibaishanensis (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), a new synonym of A. qinlingensis from China. Phytotaxa 487: 125–138.
[14]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2020. Taxonomic notes on Artemisia waltonii (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), with reduction of A. kangmarensis and A. conaensis to the synonymy of the type variety. Phytotaxa 450: 149–172.

[1] [1]
Shorter Oxford English Dictionary 6th ed. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. 2007: 3804. ISBN 0199206872.

[2] [2]
Artemisinin. Emerging Infectious Diseases: 1217–1217. doi:10.3201/eid2007.et2007.

[3] [3]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2021. Clarification of some morphological characters in Artemisia anomala (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), with reduction of var. tomentella and var. acuminatissima to the synonymy of the species. Phytotaxa 520: 57–74.

[4] [4]
Wang L, Guo X Q, Yang Q E*. 2019. A note on the validation of the name Artemisia anomala var. acuminatissima (Asteraceae-Anthemideae). Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 27: 331–332.

[5] [5]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2022. The identity of Artemisia brevis (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 543: 73–81.

[6] [6]
Cheng-Sheng Li, Xiao-Rui Chi, Xin-Qiang Guo and Long Wang. 2022. Artemisia calcicola (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), A New Species from Karst Region in Guizhou, southwestern China. PhytoKeys. 213: 161-167. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.213.96203

[7] [7]
Guo X Q, Wang L*. 2022. Second-step lectotypification of the Linnaean name Artemisia dracunculus (Asteraceae-Anthemideae). Kew Bulletin 77: 983–985.

[8] [8]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E*. 2021. Artemisia flaccida (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) is merged with A. fulgens, with transfer of A. flaccida var. meiguensis to A. fulgens. Phytotaxa 514: 221–237.

[9] [9]
Liyaqat ALI, Anzar Ahmad KHUROO, Aijaz Hassan GANIE and Tajamul ISLAM. 2023. Artemisia kargilensis (Asteraceae), A New Species from Ladakh (Trans-Himalaya), India. Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 53(4); 294-300. DOI: 10.11110/kjpt.2023.53.4.294

[10] [10]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2022. Clarification of morphological characters and geographical distribution of Artemisia neosinensis (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), a strikingly misunderstood species from China. Phytotaxa 544: 11–36.

[11] [11]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2022. Rediscovery of Artemisia nortonii (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and clarification of its type locality and geographical distribution. Phytotaxa 570 : 283–288.

[12] [12]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2020. Lectotypification of Artemisia rutifolia var. ruoqiangensis (Asteraceae, Anthemideae). Phytotaxa 453: 49–51.

[13] [13]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E*. 2021. Artemisia taibaishanensis (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), a new synonym of A. qinlingensis from China. Phytotaxa 487: 125–138.

[14] [14]
Guo X Q, Wang L, Yang Q E. 2020. Taxonomic notes on Artemisia waltonii (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), with reduction of A. kangmarensis and A. conaensis to the synonymy of the type variety. Phytotaxa 450: 149–172.

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蒿屬

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名稱來源

部分物種

參考資料

蒿屬

中亞苦蒿（Artemisia abrotanum）
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
演化支：	菊類植物 Asterids
目：	菊目 Asterales
科：	菊科 Asteraceae
亞科：	菊亞科 Asteroideae
總族：	紫菀總族 Asterodae
族：	春黃菊族 Anthemideae
亞族：	菊亞族 Chrysantheminae
屬：	蒿屬 Artemisia L., 1753
模式種
北艾 Artemisia vulgaris L.
異名
Abrotanum Duhamel Abrotanum Mill., 1754 Absinthium Mill. Artanacetum (Rzazade) Rzazade Artemisiastrum Rydb. Chamartemisia Rydb. Draconia Heist. ex Fabr. Dracunculus Ledeb. Hydrophytum Eschw. Oligosporus Cass. Picrothamnus Nutt. 絹蒿屬 Seriphidium (Besser ex Less.) Fourr. Sphaeromeria Nutt. Vesicarpa Rydb.