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月單胞菌屬（學名：Selenomonas）為月形單孢菌目月形單孢菌科的一屬革蘭氏陰性菌。彎曲，通常是新月形杆狀。主要發現於人口腔齲齒、食草動物的瘤胃和豬及幾種齧齒動物的盲腸；有一個種分解於商業厭氧消化器，還有一個種分離自啤酒酵母。此屬的模式種為生痰月單胞菌(Selenomonas sputigena)。
本屬包括以下物種：
- Selenomonas acidaminovorans Guangsheng et al., 1997
- Selenomonas artemidis Moore et al., 1987
- Selenomonas bovis Zhang and Dong 2009
- Selenomonas caprae Poothong et al. 2023[1]
- Selenomonas dianae Moore et al., 1987
- Selenomonas flueggei Moore et al., 1987
- Selenomonas infelix Moore et al., 1987
- Selenomonas lacticifex Schleifer et al., 1990
- Selenomonas lipolytica Dighe et al., 1998
- Selenomonas montiformis Wylensek et al., 2021[2]
- Selenomonas noxia Moore et al., 1987
- Selenomonas ruminantium (Certes 1889) Wenyon 1926
- 瘤胃月單胞菌 Selenomonas ruminis Poothong et al. 2024[3]
- 生痰月單胞菌 Selenomonas sputigena (Flügge 1886) Boskamp 1922
- 蒂模月單胞菌 Selenomonas timonae Antezack et al. 2021，該菌株分離於法國馬賽的蒂模（Timone）大學醫院
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