加岡揚1號

加岡揚1號
Gaganyaan-1
गगनयान 1
名稱	G1
任務類型	載人航天技術論證
運營方	ISRO
航天器屬性
航天器	加岡揚號飛船
製造方	印度斯坦航空有限公司
任務開始
發射日期	2024年12月
運載火箭	HLVM3
發射場	薩迪什·達萬航天中心
承包方	ISRO
軌道參數
參照系	地心軌道
軌域	近地軌道
	印度載人航天計劃加岡揚2號 →

加岡揚1號（英語：Gaganyaan-1、印地語：गगनयान 1）將是印度載人飛船加岡揚號的首次無人測試飛行，計劃於2024年12月發射^[1]。

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該任務原定於2020年12月發射^[2]，隨後推遲至2021年12月^[3]，此後因新冠病毒疫情而一再推遲^[2]。發射計劃最終於2022年4月正式敲定^[4]，預計將在測試載具中止任務1號、2號、3號與4號等技術驗證任務之後於2024年12月左右發射^[5]^[1]。2022年4月曾有提議認為本次發射的乘員艙應在任務中保持減壓^[6]，該提議最終被採納至最終計劃中^[7]。

首個「軌道器模組適配器組件」（orbiter module adaptor assembly, OMA，即衛星支架）由基尼科·卡曼複合材料公司（Kineco Kaman Composites）於2023年12月23日交付。該結構呈圓錐形，直徑為4米，由碳纖維強化聚合物製成，與設備艙罩和乘員逃生艙相連^[8]。隨着火箭發動機於2024年2月成功通過鑑定^[9]，加岡揚號的首次任務被正式定於2024年12月進行^[1]。

加岡揚1號飛船將在薩迪什·達萬航天中心由經過載人標準評定的地球同步衛星運載火箭3型運載火箭（Human Rated Launch Vehicle Mark-3, HLVM3）發射，並進入170 x 408公里的初始軌道^[10]。隨後將在第三圈繞地飛行時抬升至近圓軌道。着陸階段將遵循與TV-D1任務相同的模式^[4]^[11]。

此次任務後，ISRO還會再進行四次中止測試任務^[5]。這些任務將在搭載有類人型機械人「維約米特拉」的加岡揚2號任務發射之前進行^[12]，而該機械人後來被決定亦將在加岡揚1號上搭載飛行^[13]。

[1]
Desk, Janam Web. Why were the names of Gaganyaan passengers revealed a year before its launch?. janamtv.com. 2024-02-28 [2024-02-28]. （原始內容存檔於2024-02-28）.
[2]
Jones, Andrew. India revises Gaganyaan human spaceflight plan, delays Chandrayaan-3. SpaceNews. 2021-02-23 [2024-01-06] （美國英語）.
[3]
First uncrewed mission of Gaganyaan in December: It’s race against time for ISRO now. The Hindu. 2021-06-28 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-751X. （原始內容存檔於2022-11-09）（印度英語）.
[4]
Kumar, Chethan. First Gaganyaan uncrewed module to be injected in 170x408km orbit; indicates human spaceflight profile. The Times of India. 2022-04-28 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-02）.
[5]
Chennai: Indian Space Research Organisation to carry out series of tests before launch of Gaganyaan. The Times of India. 2022-07-01 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-20）.
[6]
Kumar, Chethan. Gaganyaan: First uncrewed mission to have unpressurised crew module. The Times of India. 2022-04-29 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-11）.
[7]
Marar, Anjali; Dutt, Anonna. PM Modi announces 4 astronauts for Gaganyaan: Current status of the mission. The Indian Express. 2024-02-27 [2024-02-29]. （原始內容存檔於2024-03-16）.
[8]
Pilerne-based Kineco Kaman delivers key component for Isro’s human space mission. The Times of India. 2023-12-23 [2024-02-13]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2024-02-13）.
[9]
Kumar, Chetan. Gaganyaan: Cryo engine qualification for human-rated LVM-3 completed. The Times of India. 2024-02-21 [2024-02-21]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2024-02-26）.
[10]
Kumar, Chethan. Chandrayaan-3 a shot in the arm for Gaganyaan-1. The Times of India. 2023-07-15 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2023-07-17）.
[11]
Mission Gaganyaan: Better safe than starry. The Economic Times. 2022-05-18 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0013-0389. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-02）.
[12]
First trial for Gaganyaan to be done by end of 2023, or beginning of 2024: Jitendra Singh. The Times of India. 2022-09-13 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-07）.
[13]
Kuthunur, Sharmila. India completes critical test for Gaganyaan flight crewed by humanoid robot later this year. space.com. 2024-02-27 [2024-02-28]. （原始內容存檔於2024-04-30）.

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Jones, Andrew. India revises Gaganyaan human spaceflight plan, delays Chandrayaan-3. Space News. 2021-02-23.
PTI. First uncrewed mission of Gaganyaan in December: It's race against time for ISRO now. 2021-06-28 [2024-04-03]. （原始內容存檔於2022-11-09）. |journal=被忽略 (幫助)
Kumar, Chethan. First Gaganyaan uncrewed module to be injected in 170x408km orbit; indicates human spaceflight profile. 2022-04-28 [2024-04-03]. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-02）. |journal=被忽略 (幫助)
Kumar, Chenthan. Gaganyaan: First uncrewed mission to have unpressurised crew module. 2022-04-29 [2024-04-03]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-11）. |journal=被忽略 (幫助)
Bagla, Pallava. Mission Gaganyaan: Better safe than starry. 2022-05-18 [2024-04-03]. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-02）. |journal=被忽略 (幫助)
TNN. Chennai: Indian Space Research Organisation to carry out series of tests before launch of Gaganyaan. 2022-07-01 [2024-04-03]. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-20）. |journal=被忽略 (幫助)
ANI. First trial for Gaganyaan to be done by end of 2023, or beginning of 2024: Jitendra Singh. 2022-09-13 [2024-04-03]. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-07）. |journal=被忽略 (幫助)
Ramesh, Sandhya. India's first human spaceflight Gaganyan in limbo, astronauts partially trained, ISRO silent. ThePrint. 4 December 2022 [6 December 2022]. （原始內容存檔於2022-12-23）.
Gaganyaan launch delayed: Manned mission now in 'fourth quarter of 2024'. 2022-12-21 [2024-04-03]. （原始內容存檔於2022-12-22）. |journal=被忽略 (幫助)
Govt shares an update on Gaganyaan, first abort mission likely in two months. 2023-03-16 [2024-04-03]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-10）.

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[janam2024-02-28-1] [1]
Desk, Janam Web. Why were the names of Gaganyaan passengers revealed a year before its launch?. janamtv.com. 2024-02-28 [2024-02-28]. （原始內容存檔於2024-02-28）.

[:1-2] [2]
Jones, Andrew. India revises Gaganyaan human spaceflight plan, delays Chandrayaan-3. SpaceNews. 2021-02-23 [2024-01-06] （美國英語）.

[3] [3]
First uncrewed mission of Gaganyaan in December: It’s race against time for ISRO now. The Hindu. 2021-06-28 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-751X. （原始內容存檔於2022-11-09）（印度英語）.

[:2-4] [4]
Kumar, Chethan. First Gaganyaan uncrewed module to be injected in 170x408km orbit; indicates human spaceflight profile. The Times of India. 2022-04-28 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-02）.

[:3-5] [5]
Chennai: Indian Space Research Organisation to carry out series of tests before launch of Gaganyaan. The Times of India. 2022-07-01 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-20）.

[6] [6]
Kumar, Chethan. Gaganyaan: First uncrewed mission to have unpressurised crew module. The Times of India. 2022-04-29 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-11）.

[7] [7]
Marar, Anjali; Dutt, Anonna. PM Modi announces 4 astronauts for Gaganyaan: Current status of the mission. The Indian Express. 2024-02-27 [2024-02-29]. （原始內容存檔於2024-03-16）.

[8] [8]
Pilerne-based Kineco Kaman delivers key component for Isro’s human space mission. The Times of India. 2023-12-23 [2024-02-13]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2024-02-13）.

[TOI20240221-9] [9]
Kumar, Chetan. Gaganyaan: Cryo engine qualification for human-rated LVM-3 completed. The Times of India. 2024-02-21 [2024-02-21]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2024-02-26）.

[10] [10]
Kumar, Chethan. Chandrayaan-3 a shot in the arm for Gaganyaan-1. The Times of India. 2023-07-15 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2023-07-17）.

[11] [11]
Mission Gaganyaan: Better safe than starry. The Economic Times. 2022-05-18 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0013-0389. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-02）.

[12] [12]
First trial for Gaganyaan to be done by end of 2023, or beginning of 2024: Jitendra Singh. The Times of India. 2022-09-13 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-07）.

[13] [13]
Kuthunur, Sharmila. India completes critical test for Gaganyaan flight crewed by humanoid robot later this year. space.com. 2024-02-27 [2024-02-28]. （原始內容存檔於2024-04-30）.

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