Cartwright, William Cornwallis. On Papal Conclaves. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas. 1868: 123. Laymen were named Cardinals only for twelve months, being bound within that period to take Deacon's orders
Cartwright, William Cornwallis. On Papal Conclaves. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas. 1868: 121–122. In all these cases, however, it is clear that some orders had been taken; and therefore, in the strict sense of the term, these Cardinals were no longer laymen.
Miranda, Salvador. Consistory of July 29, 1619. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Florida International University. [2023-02-25]. (原始內容存檔於2022-10-24).
Miranda, Salvador. Consistory of February 23, 1801. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Florida International University. [2023-02-25]. (原始內容存檔於2023-02-25).