超新星候選列表

超新星候選列表是天文學家提出將成為超新星前身的恆星。II型超新星的前身包括演化至最後階段的質量仍然大於10倍太陽質量的恆星(在這個質量範圍內的恆星，著名的例子包括心宿二、角宿一^[1]、天社一^[2]、仙王座μ和五合星團中的一些成員^[3]。)。Ia型超新星的前身是接近錢德拉塞卡極限，經由伴星吸積至大約是1.44太陽質量的白矮星。這張表也包括大質量的沃夫-瑞葉星，它們可能會成為Ia/Ib超新星。

更多信息 名稱, 曆元 J2000 ...

**超新星前身候選者**
名稱	曆元 J2000		星座	距離 (光年)	光譜分類	註解
名稱	R. A.	Dec.	星座	距離 (光年)	光譜分類	註解
飛馬座IK	21^h 26^m 26.7^s	+19° 22′ 32″	飛馬座	150	A8m:/DA	^[4]^[5]
角宿一	13^h 25^m 11.6^s	-11° 09′ 40.8″	室女座	250	B1	^[6]
騎官十	14^h 41^m 56^s	–47° 23′ 17″	豺狼座	550	B1.5	^[7]^[6]
心宿二	16^h 29^m 24^s	–26° 25′ 55″	天蠍座	600	M1.5Iab-b	^[8]^[6]
參宿四	05^h 55^m 10.3^s	+07° 24′ 25″	獵戶座	640	M2Iab	^[1]^[9]
天社一	08^h 09^m 32.0^s	−47° 20′ 12″	船帆座	800	WC8	^[9]
參宿七	05^h 14^m 32.3^s	–08° 12′ 06″	獵戶座	860	B8Ia	^[10]^[6]
弧矢九	7^h 17^m 08^s	–37° 05′ 51″	船尾座	1,100	K3 Ib
金牛座119	05^h 32^m 12.8^s	+18° 35′ 40″	金牛座	1,700	M2Iab-Ib
蛇夫座RS	17^h 50^m 13.2^s	–06° 42′ 28″	蛇夫座	1,950–5,200	M2III/D	^[11]^[12]
HD 168625	18^h 21^m 19.5^s	−16° 22′ 26″	人馬座	7,200	B6Ia	^[13]
羅盤座T	09^h 04^m 41.5^s	−32° 22′ 48″	羅盤座	3,260		^[14]^[15]
HD 179821	19^h 13^m 58.6^s	+00° 07′ 32″	天鷹座	3,300	G5Ia	^[16]^[17]
大犬座VY	07^h 22^m 58.3^s	−25° 46′ 03″	大犬座	4,900	M5eIa	^[18]^[19]
Sher 25	11^h 15^m 07.8^s	−61° 15′ 17″	船底座	~20,000	B1.5Iab	^[20]
海山二	10^h 45^m 03.6^s	−59° 41′ 04″	船底座	7,000–8,000	B3-5Ia0/O7I(WC8)	^[21]^[22]
WR 104	18^h 02^m 04.1^s	–23° 37′ 41″	人馬座	8,000	WC9d/OB	^[23]^[24]
IRC+10420	19^h 26^m 48.1^s	+11° 21′ 17″	天鷹座	10,000-23,000	F8Ia+	^[25]^[26]
仙后座ρ	23^h 54^m 23.0^s	+57° 29′ 58″	仙后座	12,000	G2Ia0e	^[27]
HD 179821	19^h 13^m 58.6^s	+00° 07′ 32″	天鷹座	20,000	G5Ia	^[17]^[28]
船尾座V445	07^h 37^m 56.9^s	–25° 56′ 59″	船尾座	27,000		^[29]
天蠍座U	16^h 22^m 30.7^s	–17° 52′ 42″	天蠍座	39,000		^[30]
KPD1930+2752	19^h 32^m 14.9^s	+27° 58′ 35″	天鵝座		sdB/D	^{[nb 1]}^[31]^[32]

关闭

29 sources

註解

[N 1]
The Kitt Peak Downes star.

參考資料

[1]
Supernova Remnants and Neutron Stars. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. 2005-08-02 [2006-06-08]. （原始內容存檔於2015-06-12）.
[2]
Kaler, Jim. Regor. University of Illinois. [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-12-05）.
[3]
Lloyd, Robin. Strange Space Pinwheels Spotted. space.com. 2006-09-04 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2010-08-29）.
[4]
Samuel, Eugenie. Supernova poised to go off near Earth. New Scientist. 2002-05-23 [2007-01-12]. （原始內容存檔於2008-09-15）.
[5]
Tzekova, S. Y.; et al. IK Pegasi (HR 8210). ESO. 2004 [2007-01-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-05-26）.
[6]
Firestone, R. B. OBSERVATION OF 23 SUPERNOVAE THAT EXPLODED. The Astrophysical Journal. 2014-06-11, 789 (1). ISSN 0004-637X. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/789/1/29.
[7]
Big and Giant Stars: Alpha Lupi. Jumk.de. [2013-01-03]. （原始內容存檔於2019-12-15）.
[8]
What will happen when Antares explodes?. Disassociated.com. 2009-01-13 [2013-01-03]. （原始內容存檔於2018-11-18）.
[9]
Beech, Martin. The past, present and future supernova threat to Earth’s biosphere. Astrophysics and Space Science. 2011-12-01, 336 (2). ISSN 1572-946X. doi:10.1007/s10509-011-0873-9 （英語）.
[10]
Moravveji, Ehsan; Guinan, Edward F.; Shultz, Matt; Williamson, Michael H.; Moya, Andres. ASTEROSEISMOLOGY OF THE NEARBY SN-II PROGENITOR: RIGEL. I. THE MOST HIGH-PRECISION PHOTOMETRY AND RADIAL VELOCITY MONITORING. The Astrophysical Journal. 2012-03-10, 747 (2). ISSN 0004-637X. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/747/2/108.
[11]
Than, Ker. Mystery of Explosive Star Solved. space.com. 2006-07-19 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2010-05-28）.
[12]
Staff. Astronomers See Future Supernova Developing. SpaceDaily. 2006-07-25 [2006-12-01]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-13）.
[13]
Smith, Nathan. Discovery of a Nearby Twin of SN 1987A's Nebula around the Luminous Blue Variable HD 168625: Was Sk -69 202 an LBV?. The Astronomical Journal. March 2007, 133 (3): 1034–1040. Bibcode:2007AJ....133.1034S. doi:10.1086/510838.
[14]
Schaefer, Bradley E.; Pagnotta, Ashley; Shara, Michael M. THE NOVA SHELL AND EVOLUTION OF THE RECURRENT NOVA T PYXIDIS. The Astrophysical Journal. 2010-01-01, 708 (1). ISSN 0004-637X. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/708/1/381.
[15]
Edwards, Lin. Massive white dwarf in our galaxy may go supernova. PhysOrg. 2010 [2010-02-26]. （原始內容存檔於2012-01-27）.
[16]
Jura, M.; Velusamy, T.; Werner, M. W. What next for the Likely Pre-Supernova, HD 179821?. American Astronomical Society. 2001-06-05 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-07-08）.
[17]
Josselin, E.; Lèbre, A. Probing the post-AGB nature of HD 179821. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2001, 367: 826–830. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000496.
[18]
Smith, Nathan; Hinkle, Kenneth H.; Ryde, Nils. Red Supergiants as Potential Type IIn Supernova Progenitors: Spatially Resolved 4.6 μm CO Emission Around VY CMa and Betelgeuse. The Astrophysical Journal. March 2009, 137 (3): 3558–3573. Bibcode:2009AJ....137.3558S. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/3/3558.
[19]
Weaver, D.; Humphreys, R. Astronomers Map a Hypergiant Star's Massive Outbursts. HubbleSite NewsCenter. 2007-01-08 [2007-01-16]. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-21）.
[20]
Smartt, S. J.; Lennon, D. J.; Kudritzki, R. P.; Rosales, F.; Ryans, R. S. I.; Wright, N. The evolutionary status of Sher 25 - implications for blue supergiants and the progenitor of SN 1987A. Astronomy and Astrophysics. September 2002, 391: 979–991. Bibcode:2002A&A...391..979S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020829.
[21]
van Boekel, R.; Schöller, M.; Herbst, T. Biggest Star in Our Galaxy Sits within a Rugby-Ball Shaped Cocoon. European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere (ESO). 2003-11-18 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-05-17）.
[22]
Milan, Wil. Possible Hypernova Could Affect Earth. space.com. 2000-03-07 [2007-01-06]. （原始內容存檔於2000-06-20）.
[23]
Tuthill, Peter G.; et al.. The Prototype Colliding-Wind Pinwheel WR 104. The Astrophysical Journal. March 2008, 675 (1): 698–710. Bibcode:2008ApJ...675..698T. doi:10.1086/527286.
[24]
Kaler, Jim. WR 104: Pinwheel Star. Astronomy Picture of the Day. 1999-04-09 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2009-04-14）.
[25]
Jones, Terry Jay; et al.. IRC +10420 - A cool hypergiant near the top of the H-R diagram. Astrophysical Journal, Part 1. July 1993, 411 (1): 323–335. Bibcode:1993ApJ...411..323J. doi:10.1086/172832.
[26]
Than, Ker. Astronomers Demonstrate a Global Internet Telescope. University of Manchester. 2004-10-04 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-05-05）.
[27]
Staff. The William Herschel telescope finds the best candidate for a supernova explosion. Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council. 2003-01-31 [2007-01-05]. （原始內容存檔於2018-10-10）.
[28]
Jura, M.; Velusamy, T.; Werner, M. W. What next for the Likely Pre-Supernova, HD 179821?. American Astronomical Society. 2001-06-05 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-07-08）.
[29]
Woudt, P. A.; et al.. The Expanding Bipolar Shell of the Helium Nova V445 Puppis. The Astrophysical Journal. November 2009, 706 (1): 738–746. Bibcode:2009ApJ...706..738W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/738.
[30]
Thoroughgood, T. D.; Dhillon, V. S.; Littlefair, S. P.; Marsh, T. R.; Smith, D. A. The recurrent nova U Scorpii -- A type Ia supernova progenitor. The Physics of Cataclysmic Variables and Related Objects 261. San Francisco, CA: Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 2002 [2009-01-24]. Bibcode:2002ASPC..261...77T.
[31]
Maxted, P. F. L.; Marsh, T. R.; North, R. C. KPD 1930+2752: a candidate Type Ia supernova progenitor. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. September 2000, 317 (3): L41–L44. Bibcode:2000MNRAS.317L..41M. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03856.x.
[32]
Kanipe, Jeff. Skywatch—Watch This Space!. space.com. 2000-08-05 [2007-01-06]. （原始內容存檔於2009-07-20）.

[31] [N 1]
The Kitt Peak Downes star.

[chandra_snr-1] [1]
Supernova Remnants and Neutron Stars. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. 2005-08-02 [2006-06-08]. （原始內容存檔於2015-06-12）.

[2] [2]
Kaler, Jim. Regor. University of Illinois. [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-12-05）.

[3] [3]
Lloyd, Robin. Strange Space Pinwheels Spotted. space.com. 2006-09-04 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2010-08-29）.

[4] [4]
Samuel, Eugenie. Supernova poised to go off near Earth. New Scientist. 2002-05-23 [2007-01-12]. （原始內容存檔於2008-09-15）.

[5] [5]
Tzekova, S. Y.; et al. IK Pegasi (HR 8210). ESO. 2004 [2007-01-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-05-26）.

[Firestone2014-6] [6]
Firestone, R. B. OBSERVATION OF 23 SUPERNOVAE THAT EXPLODED. The Astrophysical Journal. 2014-06-11, 789 (1). ISSN 0004-637X. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/789/1/29.

[7] [7]
Big and Giant Stars: Alpha Lupi. Jumk.de. [2013-01-03]. （原始內容存檔於2019-12-15）.

[8] [8]
What will happen when Antares explodes?. Disassociated.com. 2009-01-13 [2013-01-03]. （原始內容存檔於2018-11-18）.

[ass336_2_287-9] [9]
Beech, Martin. The past, present and future supernova threat to Earth’s biosphere. Astrophysics and Space Science. 2011-12-01, 336 (2). ISSN 1572-946X. doi:10.1007/s10509-011-0873-9 （英語）.

[apj2012_747_108-10] [10]
Moravveji, Ehsan; Guinan, Edward F.; Shultz, Matt; Williamson, Michael H.; Moya, Andres. ASTEROSEISMOLOGY OF THE NEARBY SN-II PROGENITOR: RIGEL. I. THE MOST HIGH-PRECISION PHOTOMETRY AND RADIAL VELOCITY MONITORING. The Astrophysical Journal. 2012-03-10, 747 (2). ISSN 0004-637X. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/747/2/108.

[11] [11]
Than, Ker. Mystery of Explosive Star Solved. space.com. 2006-07-19 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2010-05-28）.

[12] [12]
Staff. Astronomers See Future Supernova Developing. SpaceDaily. 2006-07-25 [2006-12-01]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-13）.

[13] [13]
Smith, Nathan. Discovery of a Nearby Twin of SN 1987A's Nebula around the Luminous Blue Variable HD 168625: Was Sk -69 202 an LBV?. The Astronomical Journal. March 2007, 133 (3): 1034–1040. Bibcode:2007AJ....133.1034S. doi:10.1086/510838.

[14] [14]
Schaefer, Bradley E.; Pagnotta, Ashley; Shara, Michael M. THE NOVA SHELL AND EVOLUTION OF THE RECURRENT NOVA T PYXIDIS. The Astrophysical Journal. 2010-01-01, 708 (1). ISSN 0004-637X. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/708/1/381.

[15] [15]
Edwards, Lin. Massive white dwarf in our galaxy may go supernova. PhysOrg. 2010 [2010-02-26]. （原始內容存檔於2012-01-27）.

[16] [16]
Jura, M.; Velusamy, T.; Werner, M. W. What next for the Likely Pre-Supernova, HD 179821?. American Astronomical Society. 2001-06-05 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-07-08）.

[Josselin,_E.;_Lèbre,_A._2001_826–830-17] [17]
Josselin, E.; Lèbre, A. Probing the post-AGB nature of HD 179821. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2001, 367: 826–830. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000496.

[apj137-18] [18]
Smith, Nathan; Hinkle, Kenneth H.; Ryde, Nils. Red Supergiants as Potential Type IIn Supernova Progenitors: Spatially Resolved 4.6 μm CO Emission Around VY CMa and Betelgeuse. The Astrophysical Journal. March 2009, 137 (3): 3558–3573. Bibcode:2009AJ....137.3558S. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/3/3558.

[19] [19]
Weaver, D.; Humphreys, R. Astronomers Map a Hypergiant Star's Massive Outbursts. HubbleSite NewsCenter. 2007-01-08 [2007-01-16]. （原始內容存檔於2016-12-21）.

[20] [20]
Smartt, S. J.; Lennon, D. J.; Kudritzki, R. P.; Rosales, F.; Ryans, R. S. I.; Wright, N. The evolutionary status of Sher 25 - implications for blue supergiants and the progenitor of SN 1987A. Astronomy and Astrophysics. September 2002, 391: 979–991. Bibcode:2002A&A...391..979S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020829.

[21] [21]
van Boekel, R.; Schöller, M.; Herbst, T. Biggest Star in Our Galaxy Sits within a Rugby-Ball Shaped Cocoon. European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere (ESO). 2003-11-18 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-05-17）.

[22] [22]
Milan, Wil. Possible Hypernova Could Affect Earth. space.com. 2000-03-07 [2007-01-06]. （原始內容存檔於2000-06-20）.

[23] [23]
Tuthill, Peter G.; et al.. The Prototype Colliding-Wind Pinwheel WR 104. The Astrophysical Journal. March 2008, 675 (1): 698–710. Bibcode:2008ApJ...675..698T. doi:10.1086/527286.

[24] [24]
Kaler, Jim. WR 104: Pinwheel Star. Astronomy Picture of the Day. 1999-04-09 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2009-04-14）.

[25] [25]
Jones, Terry Jay; et al.. IRC +10420 - A cool hypergiant near the top of the H-R diagram. Astrophysical Journal, Part 1. July 1993, 411 (1): 323–335. Bibcode:1993ApJ...411..323J. doi:10.1086/172832.

[26] [26]
Than, Ker. Astronomers Demonstrate a Global Internet Telescope. University of Manchester. 2004-10-04 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-05-05）.

[27] [27]
Staff. The William Herschel telescope finds the best candidate for a supernova explosion. Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council. 2003-01-31 [2007-01-05]. （原始內容存檔於2018-10-10）.

[28] [28]
Jura, M.; Velusamy, T.; Werner, M. W. What next for the Likely Pre-Supernova, HD 179821?. American Astronomical Society. 2001-06-05 [2007-01-08]. （原始內容存檔於2008-07-08）.

[29] [29]
Woudt, P. A.; et al.. The Expanding Bipolar Shell of the Helium Nova V445 Puppis. The Astrophysical Journal. November 2009, 706 (1): 738–746. Bibcode:2009ApJ...706..738W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/738.

[30] [30]
Thoroughgood, T. D.; Dhillon, V. S.; Littlefair, S. P.; Marsh, T. R.; Smith, D. A. The recurrent nova U Scorpii -- A type Ia supernova progenitor. The Physics of Cataclysmic Variables and Related Objects 261. San Francisco, CA: Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 2002 [2009-01-24]. Bibcode:2002ASPC..261...77T.

[32] [31]
Maxted, P. F. L.; Marsh, T. R.; North, R. C. KPD 1930+2752: a candidate Type Ia supernova progenitor. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. September 2000, 317 (3): L41–L44. Bibcode:2000MNRAS.317L..41M. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03856.x.

[33] [32]
Kanipe, Jeff. Skywatch—Watch This Space!. space.com. 2000-08-05 [2007-01-06]. （原始內容存檔於2009-07-20）.

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