腦源性神經營養因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF,abrineurin[1])是人腦中的一種蛋白質,由腦源性神經營養因子基因生成。腦源性神經營養因子是神經營養因子中的一種,這種因子存在於人的神經系統中。
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BDNF是大腦中含量最豐富的蛋白質,在腦部可以促進神經元 (神經細胞) 的生長,也促進大腦神經細胞突觸的成形。簡單來說,就是大腦非常需要的營養蛋白質。
研究顯示,在大腦中掌管記憶的海馬迴中含有特別豐富的 BDNF ,對於突觸的生長以及長期記憶也非常重要。已經有許多國際研究顯示,缺乏 BDNF 將可能造成一些認知障礙,例如阿茲海默症,此為常見的退化性失智症之一。
另外,若長期處於壓力大或憂鬱的狀態,也可能會抑制大腦 BDNF 的分泌,影響記憶及認知功能,甚至於導致自律神經失調或海馬迴萎縮等更嚴重的問題。
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