紅天蛾

紅天蛾（Deilephila elpenor）^[2]是鱗翅目天蛾科下屬的一種昆蟲。^[3]它主要分佈中歐，並且已被引入^[4]加拿大不列顛哥倫比亞省。中國境內也有分佈^[5][6][7][8]。

紅天蛾
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	節肢動物門 Arthropoda
綱：	昆蟲綱 Insecta
目：	鱗翅目 Lepidoptera
科：	天蛾科 Sphingidae
屬：	白腰天蛾屬 Deilephila
種：	紅天蛾 D. elpenor
二名法
Deilephila elpenor (Linnaeus, 1758)[1]
異名
Sphinx elpenor Linnaeus, 1758 Chaerocampa lewisii Butler, 1875 Elpenor vitis Oken, 1815 Chaerocampa elpenor alboradiata Lambillion, 1913 Chaerocampa elpenor cinerescens Newnham, 1900 Deilephila elpenor argentea Burrau, 1950 Deilephila elpenor philippsi Niepelt, 1921 Deilephila elpenor tristis Lempke & Stolk, 1986 Deilephila elpenor vautrini Austaut, 1907 Eumorpha elpenor clara Tutt, 1904 Eumorpha elpenor obsoleta Tutt, 1904 Eumorpha elpenor pallida Tutt, 1904 Eumorpha elpenor unicolor Tutt, 1904 Eumorpha elpenor virgata Tutt, 1904 Pergesa elpenor daubi Niepelt, 1908 Pergesa elpenor distincta Meyer, 1969 Pergesa elpenor hades Rebel, 1910 Pergesa elpenor lugens Niepelt, 1926 Pergesa elpenor scheiderbaueri Gschwandner, 1924 Pergesa elpenor szechuana Chu & Wang, 1980

紅天蛾體長約70毫米，一般在夜間活動，而且可以^[9]懸停^[9][10]。紅天蛾還能傳播花粉。^[11]

幼蟲

紅天蛾從幼體成長到蛹大約需要27天。^[12]

蝙蝠是紅天蛾的天敵，紅天蛾是蝙蝠的食物來源之一。^[13]不過紅天蛾的幼蟲食葉^[14]，而且對鳳仙花、葡萄、忍冬、法國冬青來說是害蟲。^[15][16]

參考文獻

1. CATE Creating a Taxonomic eScience – Sphingidae. Cate-sphingidae.org. [2011-10-26]. （原始內容存檔於2012-10-15）.
2. Ford, R. L. E. The Observer's Book of Larger British Moths. Frederick Warne & Co. 1961: 41–42.
3. Elephant hawk-moth - Norfolk Wildlife Trust. [2022-08-30]. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-30）.
4. Bestmann, H. J.; Erler, J.; Garbe, W.; Kern, F.; Martischonok, V.; Schäfer, D.; Vostrowsky, O.; Wasserthal, L. T. Pheromone components of the female elephant hawk-moth, Deilephila elpenor, and the silver-striped hawk-moth, Hippotion celerio. Experientia. 1992, 48 (6): 610–613 [2017-10-22]. S2CID 41861615. doi:10.1007/BF01920249.
5. 王瑞燦，孫企農主編,園林花卉病蟲害防治手冊,上海科學技術出版社,1999.12,第386頁
6. 王焱主編,上海林業病蟲,上海科學技術出版社,2007.11,第259頁
7. Waring, Paul; Townsend, Martin. Field Guide to the Moths of Great Britain and Ireland: Third Edition. Bloomsbury Publishing. 2017-02-09. ISBN 9781472930323 （英語）.
8. Elephant Hawk-moth and caterpillar | Wildlife Insight. Wildlife Insight. [2017-10-22]. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-30） （英國英語）.
9. Warrant, Eric. Vision in the dimmest habitats on Earth. Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 2004-10-01, 190 (10): 765–789. ISSN 0340-7594. PMID 15375626. S2CID 23491501. doi:10.1007/s00359-004-0546-z （英語）.
10. Hallam, Bridget; Floreano, Dario; Hallam, John; Hayes, Gillian; Meyer, Jean-Arcady. From Animals to Animats 7: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior. MIT Press. 2002. ISBN 9780262582179 （英語）.
11. White, Richard H.; Stevenson, Robert D.; Bennett, Ruth R.; Cutler, Dianne E.; Haber, William A. Wavelength Discrimination and the Role of Ultraviolet Vision in the Feeding Behavior of Hawkmoths. Biotropica. 1994, 26 (4): 427–435. JSTOR 2389237. doi:10.2307/2389237.
12. Kim, Jae Geun. Elephant Hawk-Moth (Deilephila elpenor L.) as a Herbivore of the Bog-bean (Menyanthes trifoliata L.), an Endangered Plant Species. Journal of Wetlands Research. 2015, 17 (2): 113–117. doi:10.17663/JWR.2015.17.2.113 .
13. Andreas, Michal. Study on bat diet in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Silva Tarouca Research Institute.
14. 曾令祥編著,藥用植物病蟲害,貴州科技出版社,2017.02,第20頁
15. 吳時英，徐穎主編,城市森林病蟲害圖鑑 第2版,上海科學技術出版社,2019.07,第89頁
16. 曹恒生，唐燕平編著,花木病蟲害防治,安徽科學技術出版社,2002.01,第100頁