Independent practice association

ISBN 9780823088096 （英语）.  Malewitz, Raymond. The Practice of Misuse: Rugged Consumerism in Contemporary American Culture. The Practice of Misuse (Stanford University Press)

Language Therapists (RCSLT)） 　　　獨立執業言語語言治療師協會（Association of Speech and Language Therapists in Independent Practice (ASLTIP)） 澳洲︰澳洲言語病理學協會（Speech Pathology

必須是小組的成員-而HMO小組並不接受其他醫生加入。 如果醫生尚未加入醫生合作組織，他們可以與獨立執業醫師協會（英语：independent practice association）（IPA）簽約，再由後者與HMO簽約。此模式是開放式HMO中的一個例子，醫生可在自己的辦公室，也為非HMO會員服務。

Family Practice Management. October 1998, 5 (9): 34–43. PMID 10187057.  Brown, Deonne J. Consumer perspectives on nurse practitioners and independent practice

（原始内容存档于2015-07-04）.  The Football Association. West Ham and England U17s defender Reece Oxford aims to put Big Sam's lessons into practice against Europe's best —