胰島(pancreatic islet)又稱朗格漢斯島[1](德語:Langerhans-Inseln、英語:islet of Langerhans),是胰臟裡的球形細胞團,零散分布於胰臟外分泌部腺泡之間而狀似孤島,其結構由一群分泌激素的細胞(內分泌細胞)所組成,因德國病理學家保羅·蘭格爾翰斯(Paul Langerhans)1869年發現而得名。
胰島的直徑介於50-500μm之間,每個胰島含有大約1000個細胞。
胰島內有5種分泌激素的細胞:
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