2021年3月，根據一份民意調查報告顯示，在特朗普當選總統後，支持共和黨的選民中分化出五個派系：永絕特朗普派、後特朗普派（喜歡特朗普但不希望他再次參選）、支持特朗普派（喜歡特朗普但更認同共和黨而非特朗普本人）、特朗普死忠派和共和黨信息戰派（認同陰謀論者）。[10] 同年11月，皮尤研究中心的一份調查顯示有四類美國人群會與共和黨結盟，他們分別是：信仰與旗幟保守派（Faith and Flag Conservatives）、堅定保守派（Committed Conservatives）、民粹右派（Populist Right）和矛盾右派（Ambivalent Right）。[11][12]
Biebricher, Thomas. The Crisis of American Conservatism in Historical–Comparative Perspective. Politische Vierteljahresschrift. October 25, 2023, 65 (2): 233–259. ISSN 2075-4698. doi:10.1007/s11615-023-00501-2（英語）.
Arhin, Kofi; Stockemer, Daniel; Normandin, Marie-Soleil. THE REPUBLICAN TRUMP VOTER: A Populist Radical Right Voter Like Any Other?. World Affairs. May 29, 2023, 186 (3). ISSN 1940-1582. doi:10.1177/0043820023117681 (不活躍 November 1, 2024) （英語）. In this article, we first illustrate that the Republican Party, or at least the dominant wing, which supports or tolerates Donald Trump and his Make America Great Again (MAGA) agenda have become a proto-typical populist radical right-wing party (PRRP).
Desiderio, Andrew; Sherman, Jake; Bresnahan, John. The end of the Old GOP. Punchbowl News. February 7, 2024 [February 8, 2024]. （原始內容存檔於February 7, 2024） （美國英語）.
Aratani, Lauren. Republicans unveil two minimum wage bills in response to Democrats' push. The Guardian. 26 February 2021 [7 September 2021]. （原始內容存檔於14 August 2021）. In keeping with the party's deep division between its dominant Trumpist faction and its more traditionalist party elites, the twin responses seem aimed at appealing on one hand to its corporate-friendly allies and on the other hand to its populist rightwing base. Both have an anti-immigrant element.
Campani, Giovanna; Fabelo Concepción, Sunamis; Rodriguez Soler, Angel; Sánchez Savín, Claudia. The Rise of Donald Trump Right-Wing Populism in the United States: Middle American Radicalism and Anti-Immigration Discourse. Societies. December 2022, 12 (6): 154. ISSN 2075-4698. doi:10.3390/soc12060154（英語）.
DiSalvo, Daniel. Party Factions and American Politics. National Affairs. Fall 2022 [April 11, 2023]. （原始內容存檔於March 23, 2023）. 參數|journal=與模板{{cite magazine}}不匹配（建議改用{{cite journal}}或|magazine=） (幫助)
Lowndes, Joseph. Populism and race in the United States from George Wallace to Donald Trump. de la Torre, Carlos (編). Routledge Handbook of Global Populism. London & New York: Routledge. 2019. "Trumpism" section, pp. 197–200 [2024-11-13]. ISBN 978-1315226446. （原始內容存檔於2024-05-01）. Trump unabashedly employed the language of white supremacy and misogyny, rage and even violence at Trump rallies was like nothing seen in decades.
Lillis, Mike. GOP strained by Trump-influenced shift from Reagan on Russia. The Hill. February 28, 2024 [February 28, 2024]. （原始內容存檔於February 28, 2024）. Experts say a variety of factors have led to the GOP's more lenient approach to Moscow, some of which preceded Trump's arrival on the political scene ... Trump's popularity has only encouraged other Republicans to adopt a soft-gloves approach to Russia.
Baker, Paula; Critchlow, Donald T. The Oxford Handbook of American Political History. Oxford University Press. 2020: 387 [April 23, 2021]. ISBN 978-0190628697. （原始內容存檔於December 15, 2023） –透過Google Books. Contemporary debate is fueled on one side by immigration restrictionists, led by President Donald Trump and other elected republicans, whose rhetorical and policy assaults on undocumented Latin American immigrants, Muslim refugees, and family-based immigration energized their conservative base.
Jones, Kent. Populism, Trade, and Trump's Path to Victory. Populism and Trade: The Challenge to the Global Trading System. Oxford University Press. 2021. ISBN 978-0190086350.
Arias-Maldonado, Manuel. Sustainability in the Anthropocene: Between Extinction and Populism. Sustainability. January 2020, 12 (6): 2538. ISSN 2071-1050. doi:10.3390/su12062538（英語）.
Isaac, Jeffrey. Making America Great Again?. Perspectives on Politics (Cambridge University Press). November 2017, 15 (3): 625–631. doi:10.1017/S1537592717000871.
Johnson, Lauren R.; McCray, Deon; Ragusa, Jordan M. #NeverTrump: Why Republican members of Congress refused to support their party's nominee in the 2016 presidential election. Research & Politics. January 11, 2018, 5 (1). doi:10.1177/2053168017749383（英語）.
Joel D. Aberbach; Gillian Peele (編). Crisis of Conservatism?: The Republican Party, the Conservative Movement, and American Politics After Bush. Oxford University Press. 2011: 105. ISBN 9780199831364. 使用|accessdate=需要含有|url= (幫助)
Riley E. Dunlap; Araon M. McCright. A Widening Gap: Republican and Democratic Views on Climate Change. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development. 2008, 50 (5): 26–35. doi:10.3200/ENVT.50.5.26-35. 使用|accessdate=需要含有|url= (幫助)
Sondre Båtstrand. More than Markets: A Comparative Study of Nine Conservative Parties on Climate Change. Politics & Policy. 2015-08, 43 (4): 538–561. doi:10.1111/polp.12122. 使用|accessdate=需要含有|url= (幫助)
Jonathan Chait. Why Are Republicans the Only Climate-Science-Denying Party in the World?. 紐約. 2015-09-27 [2024-02-18]. （原始內容存檔於2024-02-11）. Of all the major conservative parties in the democratic world, the Republican Party stands alone in its denial of the legitimacy of climate science. Indeed, the Republican Party stands alone in its conviction that no national or international response to climate change is needed. To the extent that the party is divided on the issue, the gap separates candidates who openly dismiss climate science as a hoax, and those who, shying away from the political risks of blatant ignorance, instead couch their stance in the alleged impossibility of international action.
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