獼猴(學名:Macaca)是猴科的一屬,是亞洲和北非地區最常見的一類猴,也稱為猢猻[1]。除人類以外,獼猴是在全球分布最廣泛的靈長類動物。現在已知的獼猴共有23種,分布在亞洲、北非和南歐。是雜食性動物。
Quick Facts 獼猴, 科學分類 ...
獼猴
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印尼巴厘島的食蟹獼猴(Macaca fascicularis)
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科學分類
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界:
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動物界 Animalia
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門:
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脊索動物門 Chordata
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綱:
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哺乳綱 Mammalia
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目:
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靈長目 Primates
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科:
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猴科 Cercopithecidae
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亞科:
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獼猴亞科 Cercopithecinae
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族:
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狒狒族 Papionini
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屬:
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獼猴屬 Macaca Lacepede, 1799
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模式種
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地中海獼猴 Macaca sylvanus
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種
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見內文
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異名
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- Aulaxinus Cocchi, 1872
- Aulaxinus Lydekker, 1889
- Aulaxinuus Cocchi, 1872
- Cynamolgus Reichenbach, 1863
- Cynomacaca Khajuria, 1953
- Cynomolgus Reichenbach, 1862
- Cynomolgus Trouessart, 1904
- Cynopithecus É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1835
- Cynopythecus Lesson, 1840
- Gymnopyga Gray, 1866
- Innus Geoffroy & Cuvier, 1819
- Innuus Berthold, 1827
- Inuus É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812
- Lyssodes Gistel, 1848
- Macaco Oken, 1817
- Macacus Desmarest, 1820
- Magotus Ritgen, 1824
- Magus Lesson, 1827
- Maimon Wagner, 1839
- Nemestrinus Reichenbach, 1862
- Ouanderou Lesson, 1840
- Pithecus Geoffroy, 1812
- Pithes Burnett, 1828
- Rhesus Lesson, 1840
- Salmacis Gloger, 1841
- Silenus Goldfuss, 1820
- Sylvanus Oken, 1816
- Vetulus Reichenbach, 1862
- Zati Reichenbach, 1862
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Close
獼猴也常被用於進行各種醫學試驗;西藏一些地區的神話傳說中,則有獼猴逐漸變成人類、人類起源自獼猴的說法[2][3]。
本屬包括以下物種:
- Macaca anderssoni Schlosser, 1924
- 紅面短尾猴 Macaca arctoides (I.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1831)
- 熊猴 Macaca assamensis (McClelland, 1840)
- 臺灣獼猴 Macaca cyclopis (Swinhoe, 1863)
- Macacus eocaenus Owen, 1846
- 食蟹獼猴 Macaca fascicularis (Raffles, 1821)
- 日本獼猴 Macaca fuscata (Blyth, 1875)
- 黑克獼猴 Macaca hecki (Matschie, 1901)
- Macaca jiangchuanensis Pan et al., 1992
- 北方豚尾獼猴 Macaca leonina (Blyth, 1863)
- 白頰獼猴 Macaca leucogenys Li, Zhao & Fan, 2015
- Macaca libyca Stromer, 1920
- 灰肢獼猴 Macaca maura (Schinz, 1825)
- 普通獼猴 Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, 1780)
- 藏南獼猴 Macaca munzala Sinha, Datta, Madhusudan & Mishra, 2005
- 南方豚尾獼猴 Macaca nemestrina (Linnaeus, 1766)
- 黑冠獼猴 Macaca nigra (Desmarest, 1822)
- 淺黑獼猴 Macaca nigrescens (Temminck, 1849)
- 穿靴獼猴 Macaca ochreata (Ogilby, 1841)
- 明打威獼猴 Macaca pagensis (Miller, 1903)
- Macaca prisca Gervais, 1859
- Macacus priscus Gervais, 1859
- 冠毛獼猴 Macaca radiata (É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812)
- Macacus robustus Young
- Macaca selai Ghosh, Thakur, Singh, Dutta, Sharma, Chandra & Banerjee, 2022[4]
- 西比路獼猴 Macaca siberu Fuentes & Olson, 1995,灰肢獼猴
- 獅尾獼猴 Macaca silenus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- 斯里蘭卡獼猴 Macaca sinica (Linnaeus, 1771)
- Macacus sivalensus Lydekker, 1878
- 地中海獼猴 Macaca sylvanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- 藏酋猴 Macaca thibetana (A.Milne-Edwards, 1870)
- 通金獼猴 Macaca tonkeana (Meyer, 1899)
- 歸入本屬的物種:
- Aulaxinuus florentinus Cocchi, 1872
Avijit Ghosh, Mukesh Thakur, Sujeet K. Singh, Ritam Dutta,Lalit K. Sharma, Kailash Chandra and Dhriti Banerjee. 2022. The Sela Macaque (Macaca selai) is A Distinct Phylogenetic Species that evolved from the Arunachal Macaque following Allopatric Speciation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, 107513. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107513