彎曲菌屬(學名:Campylobacter),又名曲狀桿菌屬或彎曲桿菌屬,是一種革蘭氏陰性細菌的屬[1]。曲狀桿菌屬的型態就是折曲了的一般桿菌,呈「逗號」狀或S字型[1]。
本屬絕大多數物種均為病原體,而且可感染人類及其他動物。家禽是本屬細菌的天然儲積所[2][3]:人類進食了受彎曲菌污染的肉食亦會同樣受細菌感染致病。另一種感染途徑是接觸過受細菌感染的動物[4]。本屬物種有至少12種可引致人類生病,當中以空腸彎曲菌(C. jejuni)及大腸彎曲菌(C. coli)最為常見[5]。空腸彎曲菌是腸胃炎的主要成因,即使在已發展國家亦如是[5][6]。空腸彎曲桿菌感染也可以傳播到艾滋病患者的血液中,而C. lari是兒童復發性腹瀉的已知原因[4]。胎兒彎曲桿菌(C. fetus)是造成家牛和綿羊自然流產的其中一種原因,也是人類的機會性病原體[7]。 本屬已被發現屬於唾液微生物組的一種[8]。
物種
綜合各個來源,以下詳列本屬各物種:[9]
- Campylobacter avium Rossi et al., 2009
- 加拿大彎曲菌 Campylobacter canadensis Inglis et al., 2007
- 大腸彎曲菌 Campylobacter coli (Doyle, 1948) Veron & Chatelain, 1973
- 簡明彎曲菌 Campylobacter concisus Tanner et al., 1981
- Campylobacter corcagiensis Koziel et al., 2014
- Campylobacter cuniculorum Zanoni et al., 2009
- 屈曲彎曲菌 Campylobacter curvus (Tanner et al., 1984) Vandamme et al., 1991,曲形彎曲桿菌
- Campylobacter devanensis [10]
- 胎兒彎曲桿菌 Campylobacter fetus (Smith & Taylor, 1919) Sebald & Véron, 1963,胚胎彎曲桿菌
- 胚胎彎曲桿菌胚胎亞種 Campylobacter fetus fetus
- 胚胎彎曲桿菌性病亞種 Campylobacter fetus venerealis
- Campylobacter geochelonis Piccirillo et al., 2016
- 纖細彎曲桿菌 Campylobacter gracilis (Tanner et al., 1981) Vandamme et al., 1995
- 瑞士彎曲菌 Campylobacter helveticus Stanley et al., 1993
- Campylobacter hepaticus Van et al., 2016
- 人彎曲桿菌 Campylobacter hominis Lawson et al., 2001
- 豬腸彎曲菌 Campylobacter hyoilei Alderton et al. 1995
- 豚腸彎曲桿菌 Campylobacter hyointestinalis Gebhardt et al., 1985
- 空腸彎曲桿菌德萊亞種 Campylobacter jejuni doylei
- 空腸彎曲桿菌空腸亞種 Campylobacter jejuni jejuni
- Campylobacter iguaniorum Gilbert et al., 2015
- 海象彎曲桿菌 Campylobacter insulaenigrae Foster, Holmes, Steigerwalt, Lawson, Thorne, Byrer, Ross, Xerry, Thompson & Collins, 2005[11]
- 空腸彎曲菌 Campylobacter jejuni (Jones et al., 1931) Veron & Chatelain, 1973
- 拉尼爾彎曲桿菌 Campylobacter lanienae Logan et al., 2000
- 海鷗彎曲菌 Campylobacter lari ,紅嘴鷗彎曲桿菌
- 紅嘴鷗彎曲桿菌UPTC變種 Campylobacter lari UPTC
- 海鳥彎曲桿菌 Campylobacter laridis
- Campylobacter lawrenceae 2004[11]
- Campylobacter lawsonii
- Campylobacter majalis Lynch et al. 2022[12]
- 黏膜彎曲菌 Campylobacter mucosalis (Lawson et al., 1981) Roop et al., 1985,黏膜彎曲桿菌
- 黃褐彎曲桿菌 Campylobacter mustelae
- 硝化彎曲桿菌 Campylobacter nitrofigilis
- Campylobacter ornithocola Cáceres et al., 2017
- Campylobacter peloridis Debruyne et al., 2009
- Campylobacter pinnipediorum Gilbert et al. 2017
- Campylobacter porcelli [10]
- 幽門螺桿菌 Campylobacter pylori Marshall et al. 1985,幽門彎曲菌,為Helicobacter pylori (Marshall et al. 1985) Goodwin et al. 1989的異名
- 直腸彎曲菌 Campylobacter rectus (Tanner et al., 1981) Vandamme et al., 1991,直腸彎曲桿菌
- 昭和彎曲菌 Campylobacter showae Etoh et al., 1993,昭和彎曲桿菌
- 唾液彎曲菌 Campylobacter sputorum (Prévot, 1940) Véron & Chatelain, 1973,痰液彎曲桿菌
- 唾液彎曲桿菌牛生物變種 Campylobacter sputorrum bubulus
- 唾液彎曲桿菌糞生物變種 Campylobacter sputorrum fecalis
- Campylobacter subantarcticus Debruyne et al., 2010
- Campylobacter suis Lynch et al. 2022
- Campylobacter taeniopygiae Bryant et al. 2021
- Campylobacter troglodytis Kaur et al. 2023
- 烏普薩拉彎曲菌 Campylobacter upsaliensis Sandstedt & Ursing, 1991,烏普薩拉彎曲桿菌
- Campylobacter ureolyticus (Jackson & Goodman, 1978) Vandamme et al., 2010
- Campylobacter vicugnae [10]
- Campylobacter volucris Debruyne et al., 2010
- Campylobacter vulpis Parisi et al. 2021
參考文獻
外部連結
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