铪酸锶

铪酸锶
英文名	Strontium hafnate
识别
CAS号	12029-24-2
InChIKey	RNFADRXKYVCNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
性质
化学式	SrHfO3
摩尔质量	314.113（无水）; 350.145（二水） g·mol⁻¹
外观	玻璃或陶瓷状固体
密度	7.6 g/cm3
熔点	2930 °C
折光度n; D	2.01
结构
晶体结构	钙钛矿
空间群	62
晶格常数	a = 5.793 Å, b = 8.188 Å, c = 5.785 Å (25 °C)
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

铪酸锶是一种无机化合物，化学式为SrHfO₃，存在无水物和二水合物。^[4]

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制备

铪酸锶可以HfO(NO₃)₂·2H₂O和SrCO₃为原料制备。先将硝酸盐溶于水，按化学计量比加入SrCO₃，在水中，HfO(NO₃)₂发生水解：

HfO(NO₃)₂ + 2 H₂O → Hf(OH)₄ + 2 HNO₃

水解产生的HNO₃作用于SrCO₃：

2 HNO₃ + SrCO₃ → Sr(NO₃)₂ + H₂O + CO₂↑

最后，将溶液蒸干，在高温下，Hf(OH)₄分解为HfO₂，Sr(NO₃)₂先分解为Sr(NO₂)₂，然后进一步分解为SrO，高于700℃时，两者反应，得到产物SrHfO₃：^[5]

SrO + HfO₂ → SrHfO₃

铪酸锶也可以通过在电化学电池中的阳极转换反应制备，所用电压高达210V，电极温度控制在300 K。铪箔未沉积的部分需要用1:1的硝酸和氢氟酸清洗。^[6]铪酸锶的薄膜还可以通过Hf对SrO₂靶的气相沉积来制备。^[7]在Si(100)底物上的等离子气相沉积也能够制得产物，反应中用(MeCp)₂Hf(OMe)将会提高生长速率。^[8]

用途

铪酸锶参杂某些金属（如铈），可以得到闪烁陶瓷粉体材料。^[9]

参考文献

[1]
Feteira, Antonio; Sinclair, Derek C.; Rajab, Khalid Z.; Lanagan, Michael T. Crystal Structure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Alkaline-Earth Hafnates, AHfO₃ (A=Ba, Sr, Ca). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2008, 91 (3): 893 – 901. doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.02134.x.
[2]
Yamanaka, Shinsuke; Maekawa, Takuji; Muta, Hiroaki; Matsuda, Tetsushi; Kobayashi, Shin-ichi; Kurosaki, Ken. Thermal and mechanical properties of SrHfO₃. Journal of alloys and compounds. 2004, 381 (1): 295–300.
[3]
Richard C. Ropp. Encyclopedia of the Alkaline Earth Compounds. Elsevier, 2013. pp 695
[4]
AV. Kostrikin, FM Spiridonov, IV Lin'ko, et al. On Hydrated Strontium Hafnate. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2001. 46(5):639-641
[5]
Lukin, E.S. & Soyuzova, A.Y. The synthesis, sintering, and properties of strontium hafnate. Refractories (1973) 14: 174. doi:10.1007/BF01286429
[6]
J.P Schreckenbach, N Meyer, G Marx, et al. Strontium hafnate phases by anodic spark conversion. Applied Surface Science, 2003. 205 (1-4): 97-101
[7]
I. McCarthy, M.P. Agustin, S. Shamuilia, et al. Strontium hafnate films deposited by physical vapor deposition. Thin Solid Films, 2006. 515(4): 2527-2530
[8]
K. Black, M. Werner, R. Rowlands–Jones, et al. SrHfO3 Films Grown on Si(100) by Plasma-Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition. Chem. Mater., 2011. 23(10): 2518-2520
[9]
刘亚慧, 柏朝晖. 碱土铪酸盐闪烁陶瓷粉体的制备与表征. 化学工程与装备, 2009(10):33-35

拓展阅读

Red'ko, V.P.; Shevchenko, A.V.; Lopato, L.M. Polimorfizm gafnata i tsirkoniya strontsiya [Polymorphism of strontium hafnate and zirconate]. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Neorganicheskie Materialy, 1988. 24(12): 2027-2030
Ma, W., Li, P., Dong, H. et al. Y₂O₃ and Yb₂O₃ Co-doped Strontium Hafnate as a New Thermal Barrier Coating Material （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. J Therm Spray Tech (2014) 23: 154. doi:10.1007/s11666-013-0006-9

[1] [1]
Feteira, Antonio; Sinclair, Derek C.; Rajab, Khalid Z.; Lanagan, Michael T. Crystal Structure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Alkaline-Earth Hafnates, AHfO₃ (A=Ba, Sr, Ca). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2008, 91 (3): 893 – 901. doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.02134.x.

[2] [2]
Yamanaka, Shinsuke; Maekawa, Takuji; Muta, Hiroaki; Matsuda, Tetsushi; Kobayashi, Shin-ichi; Kurosaki, Ken. Thermal and mechanical properties of SrHfO₃. Journal of alloys and compounds. 2004, 381 (1): 295–300.

[3] [3]
Richard C. Ropp. Encyclopedia of the Alkaline Earth Compounds. Elsevier, 2013. pp 695

[4] [4]
AV. Kostrikin, FM Spiridonov, IV Lin'ko, et al. On Hydrated Strontium Hafnate. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2001. 46(5):639-641

[5] [5]
Lukin, E.S. & Soyuzova, A.Y. The synthesis, sintering, and properties of strontium hafnate. Refractories (1973) 14: 174. doi:10.1007/BF01286429

[6] [6]
J.P Schreckenbach, N Meyer, G Marx, et al. Strontium hafnate phases by anodic spark conversion. Applied Surface Science, 2003. 205 (1-4): 97-101

[7] [7]
I. McCarthy, M.P. Agustin, S. Shamuilia, et al. Strontium hafnate films deposited by physical vapor deposition. Thin Solid Films, 2006. 515(4): 2527-2530

[8] [8]
K. Black, M. Werner, R. Rowlands–Jones, et al. SrHfO3 Films Grown on Si(100) by Plasma-Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition. Chem. Mater., 2011. 23(10): 2518-2520

[9] [9]
刘亚慧, 柏朝晖. 碱土铪酸盐闪烁陶瓷粉体的制备与表征. 化学工程与装备, 2009(10):33-35

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