半方酸

半方酸是一种有机化合物，化学式为C₄H₂O₃，它在自然界以钠盐或钾盐的形式存在于镰孢菌属一些生物的次级代谢产物中。^[1]

半方酸
IUPAC名 3-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione
别名	3-羟基环丁烯二酮 串珠镰刀菌素
识别
CAS号	31876-38-7  Y
PubChem	40452
ChemSpider	36957
SMILES	O=C1C(\O)=C/C1=O
InChI	1/C4H2O3/c5-2-1-3(6)4(2)7/h1,5H
InChIKey	KGPQKNJSZNXOPV-UHFFFAOYAJ
性质
化学式	C4H2O3
摩尔质量	98.06 g·mol−1
熔点	158 °C[1]
相关物质
相关化学品	方酸
若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

它是在自然界中存在的最强的有机酸（pKa=0.88^[1]），水貂对其毒性最为敏感。^[2]

参考文献

1. EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM), Helle Katrine Knutsen, Jan Alexander, Lars Barregård, Margherita Bignami, Beat Brüschweiler, Sandra Ceccatelli, Bruce Cottrill, Michael Dinovi, Bettina Grasl‐Kraupp, Christer Hogstrand, Laurentius (Ron) Hoogenboom, Carlo Stefano Nebbia, Isabelle P Oswald, Annette Petersen, Martin Rose, Alain‐Claude Roudot, Tanja Schwerdtle, Christiane Vleminckx, Günter Vollmer, Heather Wallace, Sarah De Saeger, Gunnar Sundstøl Eriksen, Peter Farmer, Jean‐Marc Fremy, Yun Yun Gong, Karsten Meyer, Hanspeter Naegeli, Dominique Parent‐Massin, Hans van Egmond, Andrea Altieri, Paolo Colombo, Mari Eskola, Mathijs van Manen, Lutz Edler. Risks to human and animal health related to the presence of moniliformin in food and feed. EFSA Journal. 2018-03, 16 (3) [2021-09-26]. PMC 7009678 . PMID 32625822. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5082.
2. Morgan MK, Fitzgerald SD, Rottinghaus GE, Bursian SJ and Aulerich RJ. 1999. Toxic effects to mink of moniliformin extracted from Fusarium fujikuroi culture material. Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1 (1): pp 1-5