外观形态
落叶灌木,高度可达1.8米(5英尺11英寸)[1]。茎上密生褐色的针刺;广披针形叶子,叶长可达3.5公分,宽为0.5-1.5公分。叶状倒卵形 。叶子边缘为全缘。叶尖为短尖;花期较长,从3月一直开到12月,但以春季开花最佳;总苞基部具有2红色的苞片。
园艺用途
麒麟花不论原始种还是园艺杂交种皆全株有毒,白色乳汁毒性强,接触皮肤眼睛口腔会造成红肿胀痛,误食则会导致呕吐、腹泻;但这种乳汁对于印度扁卷螺的活跃度有所抑制,可用作杀螺剂[2]。 在台湾,经朱建镛教授的杂交育种之下,即Tw相活动,已出现多种成功商业化的无刺或软刺麒麟花,如黛玉(粉红色花瓣)[3]和宝玉(红色花瓣)[4]。
变种
虎刺梅有多个变种,其中一些会被一些学者当做单独的种:[1]
- Euphorbia milii var. bevilaniensis (Croizat) Ursch & Leandri 1955
- Euphorbia milii var. hislopii (N.E.Br.) Ursch & Leandri 1955 (syn. E. hislopii)
- Euphorbia milii var. imperatae (Leandri) Ursch & Leandri 1955
- Euphorbia milii var. longifolia Rauh 1967
- Euphorbia milii var. milii
- Euphorbia milii var. roseana Marn.-Lap. 1962
- Euphorbia milii var. splendens (Bojer ex Hook.) Ursch & Leandri 1955
- Euphorbia milii var. tananarivae (Leandri) Ursch & Leandri 1955
- Euphorbia milii var. tenuispina Rauh & Razaf. 1991
- Euphorbia milii var. tulearensis Ursch & Leandri 1955
- Euphorbia milii var. vulcanii (Leandri) Ursch & Leandri 1955
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