格陵兰板块

格陵兰板块是一个假定的构造板块，西侧的内尔斯海峡可能是转换断层；西南边是戴维斯海峡下的昂加瓦转换断层；东南是大西洋洋中脊；^[1]东北是加科尔山脊，仍在张裂中。^[2]格陵兰克拉通的岩石有一部分由地球上最老的岩石组成。格陵兰西南部的伊苏阿绿岩带包含地球上已知最老的岩石，有37–38亿年历史。^[3]:27–49

格陵兰的前寒武纪 基底形成了劳亚地盾的基础部分，是北美洲板块的核心。格陵兰板块从北美洲板块分两个张裂阶段形成。第一个发生于白垩纪，形成了巴芬湾。巴芬湾是加拿大北极裂谷系统的西北端，在140 Ma的早白垩世开始扩张。^{[4]:169–209}拉布拉多海则在69 Ma的马斯特里赫特期开始扩张^[5]，但海底扩张在30–35 Ma的渐新世已经停止了。^{[6]:223–254}人们期待能在加拿大和格陵兰间找到构造对应，^[7]但格陵兰和加拿大的张裂前对应仍不能精确了解。^[8]

北大西洋–拉布拉多海张裂闭合后，格陵兰板块就大致和北美洲板块一起运动了。因此格陵兰板块究竟是否独立存在争议。^{[9]:179–196[10]:125}格陵兰和巴芬岛之间的地区却仍有活跃的地震，以1933年巴芬湾7.3级地震为首的诸多地震震中都在这片地区。截至2009年，科学家们仍不能将地震与特定的地质结构或地球物理异常联系起来。有种说法认为地震可能与冰后回弹有关。^{[11]:538–540[12]:724–736}

另见

• 板块列表

参考

1. BAFFIN BAY (PDF). Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. [2009-10-04]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-06-13）.
2. Denmark hopes to claim North Pole （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） BBC News, 5 October 2004. Accessed 10 November 2006.
3. Appel Peter W.U., Rollinson Hugh R., Touret Jacques L.R. Remnants of an Early Archaean (>3.75 Ga) sea-floor, hydrothermal system in the Isua Greenstone Belt. Precambrian Research. 2001, 112. doi:10.1016/s0301-9268(01)00169-3.
4. Le Pichon, X., Sibuet, J. C. & Francheteau, J. The fit of the continents around the North Atlantic Ocean. Tectonophysics. 1977-03-23, 38–3/4.
5. Roest, W.R.; Srivastava, S.P. Sea-floor spreading in the Labrador Sea: a new reconstruction. Geology. 1989, 17. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<1000:sfsitl>2.3.co;2.^:1000–1003
6. J. C. Harrison; U. Mayr; D. H. McNeil; A. R. Sweet; J. J. Eberle; D. J. McIntyre; C. R. Harington; James A. Chalmers; Gregers Dam; Henrik Nohr-Hansen. Correlation of Cenozoic sequences of the Canadian Arctic region and Greenland; implications for the tectonic history of northern North America 47 (3). Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology. September 1999.
7. Hoffman, P.F. 1989: Precambrian geology and tectonic history of North America. In: Bally, A.W. & Palmer, A.R. (eds): The geology of North America, 447–512. Boulder,Colorado: Geological Society of America.
8. Niels Henriksen; A.K. Higgins; Feiko Kalsbeek; T. Christopher R. Pulvertaft. Greenland from Archaean to Quaternary (PDF) (185). Greenland Survey Bulletin. 2000 [2009-10-04]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-12-07）.
9. Chadwick, B. & Garde, A.A. 1996: Palaeoproterozoic oblique plate convergence in South Greenland: a reappraisal of the Ketilidian Orogen. In: Brewer, T.S. (ed.): Precambrian crustal evolution in the North Atlantic region. Geological Society Special Publication (London) 112
10. Peter A. Ziegler (1990) Geological atlas of Western and Central Europe. London. Geological Society.ISBN 978-90-6644-125-5
11. Stein, S., Sleep, N.H., Geller, R.J., Wang, S.-C. & Kroeger, G.C. Earthquakes along the passive margin of eastern Canada. Geophysical Research Letters (Geophys. Res. Lett.). 1979, 6. doi:10.1029/gl006i007p00537.
12. Allison L. Bent. The 1933 Ms=7.3 Baffin Bay earthquake: strike-slip faulting along the northeastern Canadian passive margin (PDF). Geophysical Journal International (Geophys. J. Int.). 2002-03-18, 150. doi:10.1046/j.1365-246x.2002.01722.x . （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-21）.