信号转导及转录激活蛋白3(英语:Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,STAT3)是一种由人类基因STAT3 编码的转录因子[1]。
Quick Facts Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (acute-phase response factor) 信号转导及转录激活蛋白3(急性期反应因子), 有效结构 ...
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STAT3是STAT蛋白家族的成员。受到细胞因子和生长因子的调节,STAT3被受体相关的Janus激酶(JAK)磷酸化,形成同源或异源二聚体,并转移到细胞核,在那里它们起转录激活剂的作用。具体而言,干扰素,表皮生长因子(EGF),白细胞介素(IL-5和IL-6)等配体作用于受体,导致酪氨酸705磷酸化后,STAT3被激活。此外,STAT3可能通过丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)[2]和c-src非受体酪氨酸激酶磷酸化丝氨酸727而激活。[3][4]STAT3介导响应细胞刺激的各种基因的表达,因此在许多细胞过程如细胞生长和细胞凋亡中起关键作用。[5]
当原肠胚形成开始时,STAT3缺陷的小鼠胚胎不能在胚胎发育第7天以后发育。[6]看来在这些发育的早期阶段,STAT3激活是胚胎干细胞(ESC)自我更新所必需的。事实上,如果STAT3通过其他方式被激活,LIF可以被省略,该LIF被提供给小鼠ESC培养物以保持其未分化状态。[7]
STAT3对于TH17辅助性T细胞的分化至关重要,TH17辅助性T细胞已涉及多种自体免疫性疾病。[8]在病毒感染期间,缺乏T细胞中STAT3的小鼠显示产生T-滤泡辅助(Tfh)细胞的能力受损,并且不能维持基于抗体的免疫性。[9]
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