12世纪拉丁语翻译

12世纪拉丁语翻译是指12世纪时欧洲学者在南欧地区（特别是西班牙中部和西西里岛）将其他语种（例如阿拉伯语、古希腊语）的文献翻译成拉丁文的运动。 ^[1]

背景

在中世纪早期，许多基督教神学家并不相信古希腊哲学。例如耶柔米就非常敌视亚里士多德，希波的奥古斯丁也对哲学兴趣不大。 ^[2] 基本上西欧就没多少人研究古希腊哲学。此时只有少数修道院还藏有古希腊时代的作品。 ^[3]

加洛林文艺复兴期间，阿尔琴等人开始对古希腊哲学感兴趣，并进一步向大众推广。 ^[4]然而在查理曼死后，西欧的知识分子又开始不再关注古希腊哲学。此后的大约两个世纪，除了思维二世等少数推崇波爱修斯的人士外，欧洲的哲学水平基本上停滞不前。 ^[5]然而到了12世纪，经院哲学开始发展，这导致整个欧洲开始兴办大学。这些大学又开始关注古希腊哲学，并四处搜集古希腊时代的作品。 ^[6]

参考文献

1. See, e.g., Sarton 1952.
2. Laughlin 1995.
3. Laughlin 1995.
4. Laughlin 1995.
5. Laughlin 1995.
6. Laughlin 1995.

参考书目

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• Moureau, Sébastien. Min al-kīmiyāʾ ad alchimiam. The Transmission of Alchemy from the Arab-Muslim World to the Latin West in the Middle Ages. Micrologus. 2020, 28: 87–141. hdl:2078.1/211340.
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• Suter, H.; Samsó, J. al-Khayyāṭ. Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (编). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. 1960–2007. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_4264.
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