末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶（Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase、TdT、末端转移酶），是一种特殊的DNA聚合酶，显示出未成熟的、"前B"，"前T淋巴细胞"和"急性淋巴性白血病/淋巴瘤细胞"。"末端转移酶"于"抗体基因重组时"加上N核苷酸（N-nucleotide）至V(D)J的外显子上，能够形成连接多样性（Junctional diversity）的现象。在人类中，末端转移酶是由DNTT基因来编码。 [1][2]
TdT不存在于"胎肝造血干细胞"上，而在胎儿期明显的损害B细胞之连接多样性。[3]
"末端转移酶"催化添加核苷酸至DNA分子的3'末端的反应。不像大多数的DNA聚合酶，它不需要一个模板。这种酶的优选底物是3'突出端，但它也可以添加"核苷酸"(nucleotides)至"钝末端"(blunt end)或"凹陷的3'末端"(recessed 3' end)。钴是一种必要的辅因子，但是在"体外"反应条件下(in vitro)镁(Mg)及锰(Mn)也可以起相同的作用。
末端转移酶在分子生物学中的应用。它可以被用来在快速扩增cDNA末端(RACE)中来添加"核苷酸"(nucleotide)，然后可以用来作为在后续PCR的"引物"(primer)的模板。它也可以用于添加标记放射性同位素的核苷酸，例如在TUNEL检测(末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶"dUTP缺口末端标记"(dUTP Nick End Labeling))，用于细胞凋亡的示范(其中的标记，在某种程度上，通过片段化DNA来进行)。也可用于治疗"急性淋巴性白血病"诊断之"免疫荧光测定"(immuno-fluorescence)。[4]
在免疫组织化学中，抗体TdT酶可用于显示未成熟的T细胞和B细胞以及多能的"造血(Haematopoiesis)干细胞"的存在，其具有抗原，而成熟的淋巴样细胞总是呈"TdT阴性"。而末端转移酶阳性的细胞中发现少量的健康淋巴结和扁桃体，急性淋巴细胞白血病的恶性细胞也呈"TdT阳性"，而抗体，因此可以被用来作为面板诊断及区别这种疾病的一部分，比如，"初发期的小细胞肿瘤"(small cell tumours of childhood)。[5]
- DNA
- DNA聚合酶
- 先天性无子宫无阴道症候群(Müllerian agenesis/MRKH)
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