内输蛋白亚基α-2

内输蛋白亚基α-2（英语：Importin subunit alpha-2）是人体内的一种蛋白质，为内输蛋白α（英语：Importin α）的一种，由17号染色体上的KPNA2基因编码。^[5][6]

内输蛋白亚基α-2
已知的结构 PDB 直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB PDBID列表 1EFX、​1QGK、​1QGR、​3FEX、​3FEY、​3WPT、​4E4V、​4WV6
识别号
别名	KPNA2；, IPOA1, QIP2, RCH1, SRP1alpha, Karyopherin alpha 2, SRP1-alpha, karyopherin subunit alpha 2, PTAC58
外部ID	OMIM：600685 MGI：103561 HomoloGene：1708 GeneCards：KPNA2
基因位置（人类） 染色体 17号染色体[1] 基因座 17q24.2 起始 68,035,636 bp[1] 终止 68,047,364 bp[1]
基因位置（小鼠） 染色体 小鼠11号染色体[2] 基因座 11|11 E1 起始 106,879,455 bp[2] 终止 106,890,367 bp[2]
基因本体 分子功能 • histone deacetylase binding • 血浆蛋白结合 • nuclear localization sequence binding • RNA binding • nuclear import signal receptor activity 细胞组分 • 膜 • 核孔 • 核质 • 细胞核 • 细胞质 • 细胞质基质 • host cell • extrinsic component of postsynaptic specialization membrane • glutamatergic synapse 生物学过程 • regulation of DNA recombination • protein import into nucleus • DNA代谢过程 • protein transport • viral process • NLS-bearing protein import into nucleus • modulation by virus of host cellular process • intracellular transport of virus • transport • postsynapse to nucleus signaling pathway • entry of viral genome into host nucleus through nuclear pore complex via importin • positive regulation of viral life cycle Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
物种	人类	小鼠
Entrez	3838	16647
Ensembl	ENSG00000182481	ENSMUSG00000018362
UniProt	P52292	P52293
mRNA​序列	NM_002266 ​NM_001320611	NM_010655
蛋白序列	NP_001307540 ​NP_002257	NP_034785
基因位置​（UCSC）	Chr 17: 68.04 – 68.05 Mb	Chr 11: 106.88 – 106.89 Mb
PubMed​查找	[3]	[4]
维基数据
查看/编辑人类 查看/编辑小鼠

功能

内输蛋白亚基α-2参与了蛋白质由细胞质转运进细胞核的过程，细胞质中，内输蛋白α可结合具有核定位序列的蛋白质^[7]，接著再与内输蛋白β结合而形成二聚体，后者可与核孔复合物互动，使二聚体和蛋白质一起进入细胞核中。入核后，内输蛋白二聚体与Ran-GTP结合而将原本结合的蛋白质释出，再回到细胞质中。此过程与Ran循环（英语：Ran (protein)）偶连，并需消耗能量^[8]。

除了协助蛋白质进入细胞核外，KPNA2可能也参与V(D)J重组（英语：V(D)J recombination）^[9]。

交互作用

核转运蛋白α-2会与以下的蛋白质产生交互作用：

• ADP-核糖基化因子样蛋白4A（英语：ARL4A）^[10]
• 白细胞介素-2诱导性T细胞激酶（英语：ITK (gene)）^[11]
• 内输蛋白亚基b-1（英语：KPNB1）^[12][13][14]
• 锌指蛋白PLAG1（英语：PLAG1）^[15]
• ATP依赖性DNA螺旋酶Q1（英语：RECQL）^[16]
• 丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶（英语：SGK）^[17]

参考文献

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182481 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000018362 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Cuomo CA, Kirch SA, Gyuris J, Brent R, Oettinger MA. Rch1, a protein that specifically interacts with the RAG-1 recombination-activating protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Jun 1994, 91 (13): 6156–60. PMC 44157 . PMID 8016130. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.13.6156.
6. Weis K, Mattaj IW, Lamond AI. Identification of hSRP1 alpha as a functional receptor for nuclear localization sequences. Science. May 1995, 268 (5213): 1049–53. PMID 7754385. doi:10.1126/science.7754385.
7. Moroianu, J; Blobel, G; Radu, A. Previously identified protein of uncertain function is karyopherin alpha and together with karyopherin beta docks import substrate at nuclear pore complexes.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1995-03-14, 92 (6): 2008–2011. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 42412 . PMID 7892216. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.6.2008.
8. Goldfarb, David S.; Corbett, Anita H.; Mason, D. Adam; Harreman, Michelle T.; Adam, Stephen A. Importin α: a multipurpose nuclear-transport receptor. Trends in Cell Biology. 2004, 14 (9): 505–514. PMID 15350979. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2004.07.016.
9. Entrez Gene: KPNA2 karyopherin alpha 2 (RAG cohort 1, importin alpha 1). （原始内容存档于2010-12-05）.
10. Lin CY, Huang PH, Liao WL, Cheng HJ, Huang CF, Kuo JC, Patton WA, Massenburg D, Moss J, Lee FJ. ARL4, an ARF-like protein that is developmentally regulated and localized to nuclei and nucleoli. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Dec 2000, 275 (48): 37815–23. PMID 10980193. doi:10.1074/jbc.M002470200.
11. Perez-Villar JJ, O'Day K, Hewgill DH, Nadler SG, Kanner SB. Nuclear localization of the tyrosine kinase Itk and interaction of its SH3 domain with karyopherin alpha (Rch1alpha). International Immunology. Oct 2001, 13 (10): 1265–74. PMID 11581171. doi:10.1093/intimm/13.10.1265.
12. Nagoshi E, Yoneda Y. Dimerization of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 via the helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper domain is a prerequisite for its nuclear localization mediated by importin beta. Molecular and Cellular Biology. Apr 2001, 21 (8): 2779–89. PMC 86908 . PMID 11283257. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.8.2779-2789.2001.
13. Köhler M, Speck C, Christiansen M, Bischoff FR, Prehn S, Haller H, Görlich D, Hartmann E. Evidence for distinct substrate specificities of importin alpha family members in nuclear protein import. Molecular and Cellular Biology. Nov 1999, 19 (11): 7782–91. PMC 84838 . PMID 10523667. doi:10.1128/mcb.19.11.7782.
14. Kutay U, Bischoff FR, Kostka S, Kraft R, Görlich D. Export of importin alpha from the nucleus is mediated by a specific nuclear transport factor. Cell. Sep 1997, 90 (6): 1061–71. PMID 9323134. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80372-4.
15. Braem CV, Kas K, Meyen E, Debiec-Rychter M, Van De Ven WJ, Voz ML. Identification of a karyopherin alpha 2 recognition site in PLAG1, which functions as a nuclear localization signal. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. May 2002, 277 (22): 19673–8. PMID 11882654. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112112200.
16. Seki T, Tada S, Katada T, Enomoto T. Cloning of a cDNA encoding a novel importin-alpha homologue, Qip1: discrimination of Qip1 and Rch1 from hSrp1 by their ability to interact with DNA helicase Q1/RecQL. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. May 1997, 234 (1): 48–53. PMID 9168958. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6535.
17. Maiyar AC, Leong ML, Firestone GL. Importin-alpha mediates the regulated nuclear targeting of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible protein kinase (Sgk) by recognition of a nuclear localization signal in the kinase central domain. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Mar 2003, 14 (3): 1221–39. PMC 151592 . PMID 12631736. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-03-0170.

延伸阅读

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