基因组脱氧核糖核酸是染色体DNA,这一概念与染色体外DNA(如质粒)相对,常简写为gDNA[1]。生物的基因组(由gDNA编码)是遗传的生物学信息,从生物的一代传到下一代。基因组被转录产生RNA,这是生物功能所必须的。一些RNA 经过剪接过程被移除内含子,在成熟的信使RNA(mRNA)中只留下外显子。成熟的mRNA接下来可被核糖体转译为蛋白质。
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