安大略403号省道

安大略403号省道
安大略403号省道
彻多克高速公路
道路信息
管理方	安大略省交通厅
道路总长	125.2公里（77.8英里）
启用时间	1950年代规划; 1963年12月1日 –; 1997年8月15日通车
主要连接道路
东北端	401号省道 / ; 410号省道－密西沙加
	林肯·亞歷山大園林公路（咸美顿）; 伊利沙伯皇后道 / ; 407号省道（布灵顿）; 407号省道（密西沙加）
西南端	401号省道－近胡士托
地点
县份	牛津县、布兰特县、荷顿区、皮尔区
主要城市	布兰特福德; 咸美顿; 布灵顿; 密西沙加
公路系统

安大略403号省道（英语：Ontario Highway 403），正式名称为国王403号公路（King's Highway 403），是加拿大安大略省一条东西向400系列高速公路，连接位于该省西南部的胡士托及大多伦多地区的密西沙加，在东西两端皆与401号公路交汇，而在荷顿区内约长22千米（14英里）的路段则与伊利沙伯皇后道共构。此公路首期路段于1963年获编为403号公路，但待连接布兰特福德和安卡斯特的路段于1997年8月15日开通后才告全线正式完工。

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此公路于咸美顿市内的路段又称彻多克高速公路（Chedoke Expressway）。

胡士托－布灵顿段

403号公路西端在胡士托市外围与401号公路交汇：403号公路东行线从401号公路东行线分支而成，而403号公路西行线则汇入401号公路西行线^[4]^[5]。公路其后往东延，在巴里以南与24号公路南段交汇，此后与24号公路共构并跨越格兰河进入布兰特福市。24号公路在该市西北部的乔治王道出口脱离403号公路，两者的共构路段遂告结束。

公路进入咸美顿市后从南部掠过安卡斯特镇^[4]，其后与6号公路南段交汇，此后与6号公路共构并与林肯·亞歷山大園林公路交汇。公路随后沿著尼亚加拉悬崖的边缘下山，在悬崖底部与彻多克溪（Chedoke Creek）平行^[6]。公路在此处呈南北走向，并穿越分隔咸美顿港和库提斯湾（Cootes Paradise）的地峡。6号公路在咸美顿港北岸脱离403号公路并往西北延至贵湖，而403号公路则往东北延至布灵顿，并在该市西部与407号公路和伊利沙伯皇后道（QEW）交汇^[4]。

奥克维尔－密西沙加段

403号公路此后约长22.6千米（14.0英里）的路段与QEW共构，直至奥克维尔东部近福特汽车工厂一带为止。403号公路在此处脱离QEW，并往西北沿密西沙加市西界伸延5千米（3.1英里）再与407号公路交汇。403号公路此后往东北伸延并横跨密西沙加市中部^[4]；此路段来回方向的快线划为共乘车辆专线（HOV lane）^[7]。

公路跨越克莱迪特河（Credit River）后驶经密西沙加市中心北部^[5]，与晓伦大略街（Hurontario Street，前属10号公路）交汇后在哥富拿道（Cawthra Road）改往西北伸延，并扩阔至来回十线行车^[5]至401号和410号公路交汇处为止^[4]。

背景

连接伦敦和咸美顿的道路一向是安大略省的重要运输走廊之一。美国独立战争后，为了巩固英国在上加拿大的控制权以及安置从美国迁居至此的保皇派人士，上加拿大总督闪高（John Graves Simcoe）下令兴建一条连接安大略湖西端（即库提斯湾）和伦敦的道路，到1794年已开通至泰晤士河。此道路后来成为安大略省2号和5号公路一部分（省道资格后来被取消）^[8]。

连接多伦多和咸美顿的中间道（Middle Road）于1939年6月开通，来回行车线之间设有中央分隔带，并与沿途其他道路立体交汇，是北美首条城际高速公路^[9]。安省公路厅计划将伦敦和咸美顿之间的一段2号公路改建成与中间道相若的高速道路；胡士托以东的一段改建完毕，但随著第二次世界大战展开，馀下路段的工程亦告搁置^[10]。

早期工程

随著韩战结束，安省公路工程亦重新上马，而崭新器材的应用亦足以抵消战乱所造成的延误^[10]。401号公路为省府首要公路项目，伦敦至咸美顿高速公路项目退为其次。然而，两者介乎伦敦和胡士托的路段实际上是重叠的，而该路段亦于1957年5月31日开通^[11]。另外，当局早于1954年已就胡士托和咸美顿之间的路段展开规划程序^[12]，到1958年已进行得如火如荼^[13]。介乎伊利沙伯皇后道（QEW）和朗活士道（Longwoods Road），长9.0千米（5.6英里）的403号公路路段于1963年12月1日率先开通^[14]，而延至鸭巴甸大道（Aberdeen Avenue）的3.7千米（2.3英里）路段则于1965年7月9日通车^[14]。

从鸭巴甸大道经尼亚加拉悬崖边缘往安卡斯特与2号公路交汇的路段于1969年落成，原定于同年8月22日举行剪彩仪式^[15]。然而，沿线居民不满公路旁没有装设围栏以防儿童误闯公路，省府因此在公路旁加设临时护栏，并将剪彩仪式押后至同月27日举行。居民仍不满此安排并继续抗议，剪彩仪式亦告取消^[16]。公路厅长在翌周与居民会面并达成协议，在永久性护栏完工前当局将派员24小时在公路旁守候，以保儿童安全。该路段终在同年9月3日在没有任何庆祝活动的情况下通车^[17]，而403号公路咸美顿段亦告完成^[18]。

另一方面，从北面绕过布兰特福德市，长10.3千米（6.4英里）的路段则于1966年10月31日开通^[14]，但此布兰特福德绕道在往后20多年并未与403号公路其他路段连贯起来^[19]。

密西沙加段

403号公路密西沙加段的规划工序于1950年代展开。计划中的403号公路在皮尔县（即今皮尔区）和大多伦多市的界线驳上大多市政府拟建的列治围高速公路（Richview Expressway）^[20]，并在此与401号和427号公路交汇。省府并于1962年在安省水电公司从布灵顿伸延至怡陶碧谷溪的电线通道旁预留空间，待日后兴建公路^[21]。安省公路厅再于1965年5月25日公布《多伦多地区西部公路规划研究》，计划将403号公路从布灵顿往东北伸延至401号和27号公路的交汇处^[22]。

然而，往后年间多伦多市民反对在市内兴建高速公路的呼声渐高，列治围高速公路项目因而取消，而403号公路密西沙加段的东端亦因此往西迁移，在密西沙加东北部与401号公路和拟建的410号公路交汇^[23]；该段401号公路因此需从来回6线行车扩阔至12线行车。公路西端则改为于皮尔区和荷顿区的界线与QEW交汇，以舒缓QEW密西沙加段的交通流量。省府将修改后的项目计划交予密西沙加市议会，并于1977年12月获密市议会通过，工程随之展开^[24]。

403号公路密西沙加段在1980年代初分阶段通车。介乎401号公路和哥富拿道的路段于1980年8月18日率先开通^[25]，而介乎QEW和登打士街的路段则于1981年中通车，再于同年11月17日延至爱莲妙斯园林路（Erin Mills Parkway）^[26]。介乎爱莲妙斯园林路和哥富拿道的路段需透过两条桥梁跨越克莱迪特河谷，因此工程需时更长，待1982年12月2日才开通。403号公路密西沙加段全长22千米（14英里），耗资8700万元兴建^[27]。

安省运输厅同期开始研究改建介乎联福径（Renforth Drive）和403号公路的一段401号公路，以及介乎401号公路和10号公路（现晓伦大略街）的一段403号公路，将上述路段的行车线以护栏分流为短途线和长途线（collector-express system）^[28]。工程从1982年末至1985年夏季进行；固有从403号公路通往401号公路东行线的匝道成为短途线交通专用，而当局则于交汇处之内加建两条天桥供长途线交通来往两条公路^[29]^[30]。

原有预留给403号公路，介乎哥富拿道和怡陶碧谷溪的空间最终改建成市级的东门园林路（Eastgate Parkway）。项目规划工序于1982年展开^[28]^[31]，1988年至1994年间施工^[32]。首期介乎哥富拿道和狄斯道（Dixie Road）的路段于1991年初开通^[33]，而介乎狄斯道和艾灵顿大道的路段则于1994年末通车^[34]。

当局从1991年秋季起扩阔410号公路的同时，亦改建401号、403号和410号公路的交汇处。来往403号和410号公路的匝道耗资730万元兴建，于1992年11月2日通车^[35]。

填补缺口

403号公路介乎安卡斯特和胡士托的路段分三阶段兴建：当局从1975年起率先将布兰特福德绕道稍往西延^[36]，其后于1988年开通布兰特福德至胡士托的路段^[37]，再于1997年开通安卡斯特至布兰特福德的路段^[2]。

省府于1975年开始将布兰特福德绕道从2号公路往西伸延至24号公路南段，工程包括兴建跨越格兰河的来回行车线桥梁^[36]，于1978年初完成^[38]。当局之后从1982年春季起将403号公路从24号公路往西延至401号公路^[39]，当中包括在布兰特县25号县道和53号公路兴建交汇处^[30]。介乎24号公路和25号县道的路段于1984年11月开通^[37]，而介乎25号县道和53号公路的路段则于翌年通车^[40]。介乎53号和401号公路的路段于1985年末动工^[41]，而连接403号公路西行线到401号公路的天桥则于1987年动工^[19]。403号公路介乎布兰特福德和胡士托之间的路段于1988年9月26日正式启用^[37]。

省政府于1987年3月24日宣布403号公路介乎布兰特福德和安卡斯特之间的路段于1989年动工^[42]，但工程实际到1990年夏季才展开。项目包括在花园大道（Garden Avenue）、52号公路和2号公路设置交汇处^[43]。该路段于1997年8月15日通车^[2]；而随著省政府其后进行削支计划，与403号公路平行但不属高速公路资格的2号公路亦被取消省道资格，并下放予地方政府管理^[44]。

近期工程

现有407号公路介乎布灵顿和密西沙加的路段本预留作403号公路的走线。然而，有见省府财务欠佳，时任省长李博于1995年宣布更改计划，将该走线拨归收费的407号公路^[45]，并将403号公路密西沙加段改编为410号公路的一部分^[46]，从而除去403号公路仅馀的缺口。403号公路密西沙加段实际上一直保留该编号，而省府则于2002年将布灵顿至奥克维尔之间的一段QEW同时编为403号公路，该公路自此从密西沙加至胡士托全线贯通^[47]。

省府于2003年将403号公路介乎爱莲妙斯园林路和美维斯道（Mavis Road）之间的右侧路肩扩阔，以容许GO运输和密西沙加公車局巴士行驶^[48]。省府又从2004年夏季起在403号公路介乎407号公路和401/410号公路之间路段的来回方向各添一条共乘车辆专线（HOV lane），并于2005年12月13日启用^[49]。

现时401号/403号/410号公路的交汇处不设匝道供403号公路东行交通前往401号公路西行线，或供401号公路东行交通前往403号公路西行线。随著省府于2010年代将该段401号公路扩阔至来回12线并分流为短途线和长途线，省府亦将同时加设匝道供上述交通流行驶^[50]。

脚注

[1]
A.A.D.T. Traffic Volumes 1955–1969 And Traffic Collision Data 1967–1969. Ontario Department of Highways. 1970: 11.
[2]
Highway 403 extension opens Friday. The Toronto Star. August 15, 1997 [June 28, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2012-11-02）.
[3]
Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) counts. Government of Ontario. 2008 [December 27, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-06）.
[4]
Ontario Back Road Atlas (地图). Cartography by MapArt. Peter Heiler Ltd. 2010. ISBN 978-1-55198-226-7.
[5]
Google Inc. Highway 403 - Length and route (地图). Google Inc. December 10, 2011 [December 10, 2011].
[6]
Hughes, Rick. Hwy. 403 Hill Used to Argue Both Sides of Red Hill Case. The Spectator (Hamilton, Ontario). September 11, 1999: A8. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[7]
Staff. OPP Cracks Down on HOV Lane Abusers. CityNews.ca (Rogers Communications). June 26, 2006 [December 15, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2010年1月30日）.
[8]
Shragge p. 11
[9]
Stamp p. 12
[10]
Shragge, John G. Highway 401 – The story. 2007 [February 12, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2008年3月28日）.
[11]
Ministry of Transportation and Communications pp. 8–9
[12]
Canadian Press. 4-Lane Road Start Seen. The Ottawa Citizen 112 (9). July 9, 1954: 2 [October 20, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2022-04-23）.
[13]
Annual Report for the Fiscal Year (报告). Ontario Department of Highways. March 31, 1958 [July 25, 2010].
[14]
Department of Highways p. 11
[15]
Information Section. Highway 403 Opening on Wednesday August 27th (新闻稿). Department of Highways. August 21, 1969.
[16]
Residents Win Round Two in Battle of the 403. The Hamilton Spectator. August 27, 1969.
[17]
Information Section. Highway 403, Opening (新闻稿). Department of Highways. September 2, 1969.
[18]
A.T.C. McNab. Proceedings of the... Convention. Canadian Good Roads Association: 64. 1969. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[19]
Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation. 1988–1989: IX. ISSN 0714-1149.
[20]
Toronto transportation plan, 1959
[21]
Ward, Brace. 403: A Trouble-Free Way. The Toronto Star. January 4, 1981: A16. It was designated in 1962, when traffic studies showed that additional "freeway capacity" would be required to handle traffic volumes between Hamilton and Toronto.
[22]
700 Million Freeways West of Metro. Globe and Mail 123 (36,335) (Toronto). May 26, 1966: 1, 25. The program calls for construction of a 23-mile section of Highway 403, from Burlington to the Macdonald-Cartier Freeway, west of Highway 27; a 12-mile freeway from Belfield Drive in Etobicoke, running northwesterly around Brampton to Georgetown; and a five-mile freeway from Richview Road in Etobicoke to Woodbridge. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[23]
Coleman, Thomas. Drivers Will Wait Years Before Relief from QEW Jams. Globe and Mail 132 (39,185) (Toronto). July 12, 1975: 5. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[24]
Calleja, Frank. Doubts Raised About Route of New 403. The Toronto Star. November 8, 1979: A19.
[25]
New Highway Opens. Toronto Daily Star. August 18, 1980: A13. A new 3.6-kilometre stretch of Highway 403 was to be opened to traffic this morning, as part of a plan to divert traffic from the Queen Elizabeth Way through Mississauga. The new section will run from Highway 401 southbound to the Eglinton-Cawthra Rd. interchange.
[26]
Dexter, Brian. Highway 403 Section Open to Traffic Today. The Toronto Star. November 17, 1981: A18. It runs west from Erin Mills Parkway north of Burnhamthorpe Road, to Highway 5 in Oakville, where a spur to the Queen Elizabeth Way at Ford Drive has been used by traffic for several months.
[27]
$87 Million Highway 403 Complete As Last Leg Opens. The Toronto Star. December 2, 1982: A18.
[28]
Ontario Government Notice. The Globe and Mail (Toronto). February 17, 1982: C4. The Ministry of Transportation and Communications has undertaken a Preliminary Design Study to examine the upgrading of Highway 401 from Renforth Drive to Second Line West and Highway 403 from Highway 401 to Highway 10. The Preliminary Design Study has also examined the construction of the Highway 403 Extension, from Cawthra Rd. to Dixie Rd. In the mid 1970's some preliminary planning was completed for an express-collectors system on Highway 401 and 403 within Mississauga. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[29]
Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1983–1984: XI. ISSN 0714-1149.
[30]
Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1985–1986: IX. ISSN 0714-1149.
[31]
Meyers, C. 403 Arterial Extension. City of Mississauga Planning Department. 1986.
[32]
Funston, Mike. Highway Extension May Ensure More Development, Report Says. The Toronto Star. May 20, 1986: 6. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[33]
Funston, Mike. Opening Extension of 403 Can Improve Traffic Flow. The Toronto Star. January 10, 1991: 3. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[34]
Potter, Warren. Eastgate Extension Boon to Motorists. The Toronto Star. October 27, 1994: MS3. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[35]
Mitchell, Bob. 403-410 Highway Link Ready, Seen As 'Boon' To Motorists. The Toronto Star. October 31, 1992: A24.
[36]
Construction Program. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1976–1977: XII.
[37]
Ed Fulton. Remarks... At the Opening of Highway 403 (Between Highways 53 and 401) (新闻稿). Woodstock, Ontario: Ministry of Transportation. September 26, 1988.
[38]
Ontario Road Map (地图). Cartography by Cartography Section. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. South-central Ontario inset. 1978/79. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
[39]
Highway Program Development Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1982–1983: XII.
[40]
Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1986–1987: IX. ISSN 0714-1149.
[41]
Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1987–1988: IX. ISSN 0714-1149.
[42]
Highway 403 Link to Begin 2 Years Early. The Toronto Star. March 25, 1987: A14. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[43]
Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation. 1991–1992: 7. ISSN 0714-1149.
[44]
Ontario Road Map (地图). Cartography by Geomatics Office. Ministry of Transportation. § R24. 1999.
[45]
Boyle, Theresa. Rae Announces 407 Extension. The Toronto Star. April 1, 1995: A12. Rae also announced yesterday that the province will ask for private-sector proposals to design and construct the Burlington–Oakville link of Highway 403 as part of Highway 407. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[46]
Mitchell, Bob. Rae Announces 407 Extension. The Toronto Star. April 6, 1995: BR03. |section=被忽略 (帮助)
[47]
Signs of the Times. Milestones (Ontario Good Roads Association). February 2002, 2 (1) [January 2, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2012年4月26日）.
[48]
Backgrounder on Mississauga's BRT. City of Mississauga. March 2007 [January 14, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-13）.
[49]
Brennan, Richard. Carpool lanes praised. The Toronto Star. December 13, 2006 [January 16, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2015-05-13）.
[50]
Highway 401 Improvements From Highway 410/403 Interchange to East of the Credit River Transportation Environmental Study Report (PDF) 1. Aecom: iii. August 2005 [January 16, 2012]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-04-28）.

引用文献

Shragge, John; Bagnato, Sharon. From Footpaths to Freeways. Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Historical Committee. 1984. ISBN 0-7743-9388-2.
Stamp, Robert M. The Queen Elizabeth Way, Canada's First Superhighway. Boston Mills Press. 1987. ISBN 0-919783-84-8.
AADT Traffic Volumes 1955–1969 And Traffic Collision Data 1967–1969. Department of Highways. 1969.

403号公路走线（谷歌地图）

[1] [1]
A.A.D.T. Traffic Volumes 1955–1969 And Traffic Collision Data 1967–1969. Ontario Department of Highways. 1970: 11.

[AncasterSection-2] [2]
Highway 403 extension opens Friday. The Toronto Star. August 15, 1997 [June 28, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2012-11-02）.

[km-3] [3]
Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) counts. Government of Ontario. 2008 [December 27, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-06）.

[2010_mapart-4] [4]
Ontario Back Road Atlas (地图). Cartography by MapArt. Peter Heiler Ltd. 2010. ISBN 978-1-55198-226-7.

[Gmaps-5] [5]
Google Inc. Highway 403 - Length and route (地图). Google Inc. December 10, 2011 [December 10, 2011].

[6] [6]
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Shragge p. 11

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Stamp p. 12

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Shragge, John G. Highway 401 – The story. 2007 [February 12, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2008年3月28日）.

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Ministry of Transportation and Communications pp. 8–9

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Canadian Press. 4-Lane Road Start Seen. The Ottawa Citizen 112 (9). July 9, 1954: 2 [October 20, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2022-04-23）.

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Annual Report for the Fiscal Year (报告). Ontario Department of Highways. March 31, 1958 [July 25, 2010].

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Department of Highways p. 11

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Information Section. Highway 403 Opening on Wednesday August 27th (新闻稿). Department of Highways. August 21, 1969.

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Residents Win Round Two in Battle of the 403. The Hamilton Spectator. August 27, 1969.

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Information Section. Highway 403, Opening (新闻稿). Department of Highways. September 2, 1969.

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A.T.C. McNab. Proceedings of the... Convention. Canadian Good Roads Association: 64. 1969. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

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Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation. 1988–1989: IX. ISSN 0714-1149.

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Toronto transportation plan, 1959

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Ward, Brace. 403: A Trouble-Free Way. The Toronto Star. January 4, 1981: A16. It was designated in 1962, when traffic studies showed that additional "freeway capacity" would be required to handle traffic volumes between Hamilton and Toronto.

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700 Million Freeways West of Metro. Globe and Mail 123 (36,335) (Toronto). May 26, 1966: 1, 25. The program calls for construction of a 23-mile section of Highway 403, from Burlington to the Macdonald-Cartier Freeway, west of Highway 27; a 12-mile freeway from Belfield Drive in Etobicoke, running northwesterly around Brampton to Georgetown; and a five-mile freeway from Richview Road in Etobicoke to Woodbridge. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

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Coleman, Thomas. Drivers Will Wait Years Before Relief from QEW Jams. Globe and Mail 132 (39,185) (Toronto). July 12, 1975: 5. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

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Calleja, Frank. Doubts Raised About Route of New 403. The Toronto Star. November 8, 1979: A19.

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New Highway Opens. Toronto Daily Star. August 18, 1980: A13. A new 3.6-kilometre stretch of Highway 403 was to be opened to traffic this morning, as part of a plan to divert traffic from the Queen Elizabeth Way through Mississauga. The new section will run from Highway 401 southbound to the Eglinton-Cawthra Rd. interchange.

[1981opening-26] [26]
Dexter, Brian. Highway 403 Section Open to Traffic Today. The Toronto Star. November 17, 1981: A18. It runs west from Erin Mills Parkway north of Burnhamthorpe Road, to Highway 5 in Oakville, where a spur to the Queen Elizabeth Way at Ford Drive has been used by traffic for several months.

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$87 Million Highway 403 Complete As Last Leg Opens. The Toronto Star. December 2, 1982: A18.

[planning-28] [28]
Ontario Government Notice. The Globe and Mail (Toronto). February 17, 1982: C4. The Ministry of Transportation and Communications has undertaken a Preliminary Design Study to examine the upgrading of Highway 401 from Renforth Drive to Second Line West and Highway 403 from Highway 401 to Highway 10. The Preliminary Design Study has also examined the construction of the Highway 403 Extension, from Cawthra Rd. to Dixie Rd. In the mid 1970's some preliminary planning was completed for an express-collectors system on Highway 401 and 403 within Mississauga. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

[29] [29]
Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1983–1984: XI. ISSN 0714-1149.

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Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1985–1986: IX. ISSN 0714-1149.

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Meyers, C. 403 Arterial Extension. City of Mississauga Planning Department. 1986.

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Funston, Mike. Highway Extension May Ensure More Development, Report Says. The Toronto Star. May 20, 1986: 6. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

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Funston, Mike. Opening Extension of 403 Can Improve Traffic Flow. The Toronto Star. January 10, 1991: 3. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

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Potter, Warren. Eastgate Extension Boon to Motorists. The Toronto Star. October 27, 1994: MS3. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

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Mitchell, Bob. 403-410 Highway Link Ready, Seen As 'Boon' To Motorists. The Toronto Star. October 31, 1992: A24.

[1977_start-36] [36]
Construction Program. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1976–1977: XII.

[woodstock-37] [37]
Ed Fulton. Remarks... At the Opening of Highway 403 (Between Highways 53 and 401) (新闻稿). Woodstock, Ontario: Ministry of Transportation. September 26, 1988.

[1978_map-38] [38]
Ontario Road Map (地图). Cartography by Cartography Section. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. South-central Ontario inset. 1978/79. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)

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Highway Program Development Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1982–1983: XII.

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Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1986–1987: IX. ISSN 0714-1149.

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Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1987–1988: IX. ISSN 0714-1149.

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Highway 403 Link to Begin 2 Years Early. The Toronto Star. March 25, 1987: A14. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

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Transportation Capital Branch. Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation. 1991–1992: 7. ISSN 0714-1149.

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Ontario Road Map (地图). Cartography by Geomatics Office. Ministry of Transportation. § R24. 1999.

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Boyle, Theresa. Rae Announces 407 Extension. The Toronto Star. April 1, 1995: A12. Rae also announced yesterday that the province will ask for private-sector proposals to design and construct the Burlington–Oakville link of Highway 403 as part of Highway 407. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

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Mitchell, Bob. Rae Announces 407 Extension. The Toronto Star. April 6, 1995: BR03. |section=被忽略 (帮助)

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Signs of the Times. Milestones (Ontario Good Roads Association). February 2002, 2 (1) [January 2, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2012年4月26日）.

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Backgrounder on Mississauga's BRT. City of Mississauga. March 2007 [January 14, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-13）.

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Brennan, Richard. Carpool lanes praised. The Toronto Star. December 13, 2006 [January 16, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2015-05-13）.

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Highway 401 Improvements From Highway 410/403 Interchange to East of the Credit River Transportation Environmental Study Report (PDF) 1. Aecom: iii. August 2005 [January 16, 2012]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-04-28）.

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