无理逮捕及拘禁

无理逮捕（英语：arbitrary arrest）及无理拘禁（arbitrary detention）指在没有合理可能或证据表明某人犯下违反法规的罪行的情况下逮捕或羁留该人。^[1]

几乎所有遭无理逮捕的人都没有被告知逮捕原因，也没人向他们出示逮捕手令。^[2]他们可能会被隔离囚禁，他们的下落会对其家人、相联人士及主审法庭（英语：Trial court）隐瞒。^[3][4]

国际人权法禁止无理剥夺个人自由。1948年《世界人权宣言》第九条订定：“任何人不容加以无理逮捕、拘禁或放逐。”^[5]《公民权利及政治权利国际公约》第九条指明：“人人有权享有身体自由及人身安全。任何人不得无理予以逮捕或拘禁。非依法定理由及程序，不得剥夺任何人之自由。”^[6]

伊拉克独裁者萨达姆·侯赛因、沙特阿拉伯及伊朗伊斯兰共和国无理逮捕过许多人。^{[7][8][9][10][11]}

参见

• 行政拘留
• 错误拘捕
• 非法禁锢
• 秘密警察

参考

1. Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest and Exile. Human Rights Law. United Nations Cyber Schoolbus. 2006-11-09 [2007-09-30]. （原始内容存档于2007-07-17）.
2. Human Rights Violations by the Indonesian Armed Forces. Human Rights. Human Rights Watch. 1998-06-27 [2007-09-30].
3. Arbitrary arrest / Incommunicado detention / Risks of ill-treatment - SYR 003 / 0506 / OBS 060. Human Rights. International Federation for Human Rights. 2006-05-15 [2007-09-30].
4. Enforced Disappearance and Incommunicado Detention in China. Human Rights. World Organisation Against Torture. 2007-08-31 [2007-09-30].
5. Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Human Rights. United Nations. 1998-12-01 [2007-09-30]. （原始内容存档于29 September 2007）.
6. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 9
7. Saudi Arabia: arrests of dissidents and torture allegations continue | Saudi Arabia | The Guardian. amp.theguardian.com. [2023-09-15].
8. Kelly, Michael. The Rape and Rescue of Kuwaiti City. The New Republic. 1991-03-24 [2023-09-15]. ISSN 0028-6583.
9. Jamal Khashoggi: Saudi embassy street in US renamed after murdered journalist. BBC News. 2022-06-16 [2023-09-15] （英国英语）.
10. Iran protests: Secret committee 'punished celebrities over dissent'. BBC News. 2023-04-25 [2023-09-15] （英国英语）.
11. Frater, Mostafa Salem,Catherine Nicholls,James. Belgian aid worker jailed in Iran is freed after prisoner swap deal. CNN. 2023-05-26 [2023-09-15] （英语）.

外部链接

• Behind the Wire: An Update to Ending Secret Detentions (2005), Human Rights First