提携角

提携角（carrying angle）为前臂完全伸展并旋后时臂轴和前臂轴延长线构成的向外开放的夹角，也常使用其补角描述该值。^[1][2]人的提携角通常在10°~15°之间。^[2]成年男性的平均提携角约为10°，女性约为13°。^[1]

提携角
中间图上标有提携角（的补角）。由于该图像为一人所演示，不反映真实的肘内翻与肘外翻。
分类和外部资源
医学专科	医学遗传学
ICD-11	LB90.7
ICD-10	M21.0、​Q74.0

在正常人中，双臂的提携角可能并不相同，惯用手的角度通常大于非惯用手的角度。^[3][1]一项在南印度农村儿童中进行的研究表明，提携角与15岁以下的年龄相关性最佳，随后角度略有下降。男孩和女孩的携带角每年分别增加0.42°和0.60°，性别差异逐渐增大，并在青春期时达到最大值。总体而言，女孩的提携角平均比男孩大1.31°^[4]，这也被考虑作为女性的第二性征。^[5]

意义

肘关节提携角的存在或有利于人的日常活动。提携角使得关节在伸展时前臂远离身体中线以增大运动幅度，如允许前臂在行走摆臂时避开臀部、手提东西的时候避免让东西碰到腿^[6][7]，在屈曲时使前臂靠近身体中线。^[8]但异常的提携角反应了肘部的畸形，提携角的补角在0~10°之间时为直肘，小于0°为肘内翻，大于20°为肘外翻。^[2]增加的提携角是肘部非创伤性尺神经病变的危险因素。^[9]

参考文献

1. Paraskevas, G.; Papadopoulos, A.; Papaziogas, B.; Spanidou, S.; Argiriadou, H.; Gigis, J. Study of the carrying angle of the human elbow joint in full extension: a morphometric analysis. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. 2004-02-01, 26 (1). ISSN 0930-1038. doi:10.1007/s00276-003-0185-z.
2. 张绍祥，张雅芳. 局部解剖学. 人民卫生出版社. 2015: 314. ISBN 978-7-117-20395-1.
3. Manandhar, B; Shrestha, I; Shrestha, R. Dominance of Carrying Angle in Right-hand among Dental Students of a Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.. JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association. 2022-03-11, 60 (247): 282–285 [2024-12-04]. PMID 35633261. doi:10.31729/jnma.7244.
4. Balasubramanian, Pradeep; Madhuri, Vrisha; Muliyil, Jayaprakash. Carrying angle in children: a normative study. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics. Part B. 2006-01, 15 (1). ISSN 1060-152X. PMID 16280718. doi:10.1097/01202412-200601000-00008.
5. A comparative study of carrying angle among males and females in Garhwal region of Uttarakhand. medpulse.in. [2024-12-04] （英语）.
6. Prabhakar, T; Gurram, Vinodkumar. Radiological study of carrying angle among male and female and its clinical importance. Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology. 2024-05-28, 11 (1). ISSN 2394-2118. doi:10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.009. The carrying angle permits the forearms to clear the hips in swinging movements during walking and is important when carrying objects.
7. 胳膊肘就应该往外拐. 汕头大学广州华新骨科医院. [2024-12-04].
8. 丁文龙，刘学政. 系统解剖学. 人民卫生出版社. 2018: 48. ISBN 978-7-117-26718-2.
9. Chang, Chein-Wei; Wang, Yi-Chian; Chu, Chang-Hung. Increased Carrying Angle is a Risk Factor for Nontraumatic Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2008-09, 466 (9). ISSN 0009-921X. PMC 2492992 . PMID 18506557. doi:10.1007/s11999-008-0308-2 （英语）. 引文格式1维护：PMC格式 (link)