威廉·查尔斯·尤特莫伦(英语:William Charles Utermohlen,1933年12月5日—2007年3月21日),美国具象艺术家,知名于1995年确诊阿兹海默症后所绘制的自画像。尤特莫伦的职业生涯从1957年持续到2001年,其画作被浓缩成六个时期。《但丁时期》(1964-1966年)受到但丁《地狱》的影响;《哑巴时期》(1968-1970年)和《对话片段》(1989-1991)等系列依据他的早期记忆。
Quick Facts 威廉·尤特莫伦 William Utermohlen, 出生 ...
威廉·尤特莫伦 William Utermohlen |
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Self-portrait, mixed media on paper, 1967 |
出生 | (1933-12-05)1933年12月5日 美国宾夕法尼亚州南费城 |
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逝世 | 2007年3月21日(2007岁—03—21)(73岁) 英国伦敦 |
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国籍 | 美国(1933–1992年) 英国(1992–2007年) |
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教育程度 | 费城美术学院 |
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活跃时期 | 1957–2002年 |
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知名于 | 被诊断出阿兹海默症后画的自画像 |
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配偶 | 派翠西亚·雷德蒙(结婚) |
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尤特莫伦生于南费城的第一代德国移民家庭,1951年获得奖学金进入费城美术学院。服完兵役后,他于1953年赴西欧进修。他在那里从文艺复兴和巴洛克艺术家的作品获得灵感,接着于1957年从美术学院毕业。他于1962年迁居至伦敦,并于1965年与艺术史学家派翠西亚·雷德蒙结婚。1972年他搬到马萨诸塞州,担任阿默斯特学院艺术科教师,然后在1975年返回伦敦。
他自1991年开始出现失忆征兆。1995年被诊断出患有阿兹海默症后,他开始着手创作一系列自画像,直至2001年无法再提起画笔。他于2007年3月21日去世,享寿73岁。在其作品刊登于2001年《柳叶刀》杂志后的几年间,尤特莫伦的自画像已陈列于包括芝加哥和伦敦在内的多个艺术展。2019年奥斯卡奖入围短片《勿忘我》受其自画像启发创作。
威廉·查尔斯·尤特莫伦于1933年12月5日出生于宾夕法尼亚州南费城第一代德国移民家庭,是家中的独子。1951年,他获得奖学金进入宾夕法尼亚美术学院,并接受现实主义艺术家沃尔特·斯图普菲格的教学指导。尤特莫伦于1953年服完兵役,其中包括在加勒比地区的两年。退伍后不久,他赴西欧深造,游历意大利、法国和西班牙等国,期间所见的乔托·迪·邦多纳和尼古拉斯·普桑的作品对他影响甚钜。1957年,他从美术学院毕业。
尤特莫伦于2000年12月起。2002年,他不再绘画,2004年住进路易丝公主疗养院。2007年3月21日,他因肺炎于哈默史密斯医院病逝,享寿73岁。遗孀派翠西亚表示:“实际上他早在那之前就已经不在了,比尔于2000年逝世,那时疾病意味着他不能再绘画。”
尤特莫伦的自画像在2001年登载在医学杂志《柳叶刀》上的一篇论文中后引起人们的关注,该论文经常被认为推动了作品的流行[a]。 据徐锡称,这些肖像已被标示为“他职业生涯的焦点”。
评论者将尤特莫伦的作品和文森·梵高、巴勃罗·毕加索和爱德华·蒙克类比,一些作家也将这些自画像和马温·皮克的插图相比拟。赛尔表示,尤特莫伦的作品为观众提供了“对大脑衰退影响的独特写照”。他早期自画像的存在(让观众可以创造出他精神衰退的延时摄影),以及他的作品让阿尔茨海默病患者的思想难得一见的想法,是促成他越来越受欢迎的两个方面。2019年短片《勿忘我》以自画像为灵感,获得2020年奥斯卡最佳动画短片奖提名[20]。
尤特莫伦曾希望他的作品成为医学研究的主题,他心甘情愿地参与《柳叶刀》发表的研究工作,该研究涉及疾病症状与美学之间的联系。
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