2016年苏格兰议会选举在2016年5月5日举行[1],选举出苏格兰议会的129位议员。
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苏格兰议会全部129席 获得过半多数需65个席位 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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左图显示地方选区,胜出政党的颜色。右图显示附带席位选区,获胜政党席位的颜色。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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这是苏格兰议会1999年成立以来第五次大选,亦是投票年龄降至16岁后的第一次选举。[2][3] 这亦是三大政党的党魁均是女性的第一次选举。
选举结果,主张苏格兰独立的苏格兰民族党成为第一大党,但失去单独多数,要组建少数政府。反对苏格兰独立的保守党首次在苏格兰议会成为第二大党。工党则沦为第三大党。连同支持苏格兰独立的苏格兰绿党,主张苏格兰独立的政党在议会维持多数派。
选举制度
选举采用附带席位制,附带席位制(Additional Member System,AMS),又称“额外席位制”,是单一选区两票制的一种,与联立制、并立制相比,也是接近比例代表制的选举制度。
苏格兰各区域有不同附加席位名额,苏格兰区域分成八个选区、共有17个政党角逐参选,本届一共有73个区域席位,56个附加席位席位,依顿特法除以“单一选区当选席位+1”,从当选席位最少开始分配,如果单一选区当选席位相同,政党票较高者优先。由于从单一选区当选席位最少者开始分配,同德国联立制有利于小党的优点,却不会产生超额席位,兼具日本并立制优点。
日期
民调
民调机构 | 样本量 | 苏格兰民族党 | 工党 | 保守党 | 自由民主党 | 其他 | 领先 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General Election Result | 2,279,153 | 46.5% | 22.6% | 22.0% | 7.8% | 1.1% | 23.9% |
YouGov/The Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,445 | 48% | 22% | 19% | 7% | 4% | 26% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,024 | 49% | 21% | 19% | 7% | 5% | 28% |
Panelbase/Sunday Times | 1,074 | 49% | 23% | 17% | 6% | 4% | 26% |
Ipsos MORI/STV[永久失效链接] | 1,015 | 51% | 19% | 18% | 6% | 6% | 32% |
TNS(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,035 | 52% | 22% | 17% | 7% | 3% | 30% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,005 | 53% | 18% | 17% | 7% | 5% | 35% |
BMG Research/Herald(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,012 | 53% | 21% | 16% | 6% | 3% | 32% |
Panelbase/Sunday Times | 1,021 | 51% | 19% | 18% | 5% | 7% | 32% |
YouGov/The Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,012 | 50% | 21% | 18% | 5% | 6% | 29% |
Survation/Unison Scotland(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,003 | 52% | 21% | 16% | 6% | 4% | 31% |
TNS(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,013 | 56% | 19% | 15% | 6% | 3% | 37% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,051 | 54% | 20% | 16% | 7% | 4% | 34% |
YouGov/The Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,070 | 49% | 19% | 19% | 6% | 7% | 30% |
Survation/Daily Mail(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,022 | 54% | 21% | 16% | 5% | 4% | 33% |
TNS(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,036 | 60% | 21% | 13% | 4% | 2% | 39% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,006 | 53% | 22% | 16% | 6% | 3% | 31% |
Ipsos MORI/STV(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,000 | 53% | 20% | 16% | 6% | 5% | 33% |
YouGov/The Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,022 | 50% | 19% | 20% | 6% | 5% | 30% |
TNS(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,016 | 57% | 21% | 17% | 3% | 2% | 36% |
Panelbase/Sunday Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,053 | 50% | 21% | 17% | 6% | 5% | 29% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,029 | 52% | 21% | 16% | 7% | 4% | 31% |
附带席位选区
民调机构 | 样本量 | SNP | Lab | Con | Green | Lib Dem | UKIP | 其他 | 领先 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General Election Result | 2,285,752 | 41.7% | 19.1% | 22.9% | 6.6% | 5.2% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 18.8% |
YouGov/The Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,445 | 41% | 19% | 20% | 9% | 6% | 4% | 1% | 21% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,024 | 44% | 19% | 20% | 7% | 6% | 2% | 2% | 24% |
Panelbase/Sunday Times | 1,074 | 44% | 22% | 19% | 6% | 4% | 3% | <1% | 22% |
Ipsos MORI/STV[永久失效链接] | 1,015 | 45% | 17% | 19% | 10% | 7% | 1% | <1% | 26% |
TNS(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,035 | 45% | 22% | 18% | 8% | 5% | <1% | <1% | 23% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,005 | 43% | 17% | 18% | 11% | 7% | 4% | 2% | 25% |
BMG Research/Herald(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,012 | 46% | 20% | 16% | 7% | 6% | 4% | 0% | 26% |
Panelbase/Sunday Times | 1,021 | 47% | 18% | 19% | 8% | 4% | 3% | <1% | 28% |
YouGov/The Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,012 | 45% | 19% | 18% | 8% | 5% | 3% | 1% | 26% |
Survation/Unison Scotland(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,003 | 44% | 19% | 16% | 10% | 7% | 4% | 1% | 25% |
TNS(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,013 | 47% | 21% | 15% | 8% | 6% | 1% | – | 26% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,051 | 42% | 18% | 18% | 10% | 6% | 5% | 1% | 24% |
YouGov/The Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,070 | 43% | 17% | 19% | 8% | 5% | 4% | 1% | 24% |
Survation/Daily Mail(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,022 | 43% | 19% | 14% | 9% | 7% | 6% | 1% | 24% |
TNS(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,036 | 55% | 21% | 13% | 6% | 4% | – | – | 34% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,006 | 45% | 18% | 15% | 9% | 6% | 6% | 1% | 27% |
Ipsos MORI/STV(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,000 | 49% | 19% | 15% | 6% | 8% | 1% | 2% | 30% |
YouGov/The Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,022 | 42% | 20% | 20% | 6% | 5% | 3% | 1% | 22% |
TNS(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,016 | 52% | 19% | 17% | 6% | 6% | <1% | 1% | 33% |
Panelbase/Sunday Times(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,053 | 48% | 19% | 17% | 5% | 7% | 2% | 1% | 29% |
Survation/Daily Record(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | 1,029 | 42% | 20% | 16% | 9% | 8% | 5% | <1% | 22% |
选举结果
政党 | 单席位选区 | 附加席位 | 合计席位 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
得票 | % | ± | 席位 | ± | 得票 | % | ± | 席位 | ± | 合计 | ± | % | ||||
苏格兰民族党 | 1,059,898 | 46.5 | ▲1.1 | 59 | ▲6 | 953,587 | 41.7 | ▼2.3 | 4 | ▼12 | 63 | ▼6 | 48.8 | |||
苏格兰保守党 | 501,844 | 22.0 | ▲8.1 | 7 | ▲4 | 524,222 | 22.9 | ▲10.6 | 24 | ▲12 | 31 | ▲16 | 24.0 | |||
苏格兰工党 | 514,261 | 22.6 | ▼9.2 | 3 | ▼12 | 435,919 | 19.1 | ▼7.2 | 21 | ▼1 | 24 | ▼13 | 18.6 | |||
苏格兰绿党 | 13,172 | 0.6 | ▲0.6 | 0 | ━ | 150,426 | 6.6 | ▲2.2 | 6 | ▲4 | 6 | ▲4 | 4.7 | |||
苏格兰自由民主党 | 178,238 | 7.8 | ▼0.1 | 4 | ▲2 | 119,284 | 5.2 | ━ | 1 | ▼2 | 5 | ━ | 3.9 | |||
其他政党合计 | 5,730 | 0.3 | 0 | ━ | 97,894 | 4.3 | 0 | ━ | 0 | ━ | 0.0 | |||||
无党籍人士 | 6.011 | 0.3 | ▼0.3 | 0 | ━ | 4,420 | 0.2 | ━ | 0 | ▼1 | 0 | ▼1 | 0.0 | |||
有效票 | 2,279,154 | 99.6 | ▼0.1 | 2,285,752 | 99.8 | ▲0.1 | ||||||||||
无效票 | 9,215 | 0.4 | ▲0.1 | 3,812 | 0.2 | ▼0.1 | ||||||||||
总计 | 2,288,369 | 100 | 73 | – | 2,289,564 | 100 | 56 | – | 129 | – | 100 | |||||
选民人数/投票率 | 4,099,907 | 55.8 | ▲5.3 | 4,099,907 | 55.8 | ▲5.3 |
参考资料
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