卡洛登战役

卡洛登战役（Battle of Culloden）1746年4月16日发生于苏格兰印威内斯东部的卡洛登原野，对阵双方是英格兰王国汉诺威王朝政府军和宣称英王所有权的前斯图亚特王朝支持者詹姆斯党，最终前者获胜。该战役是英国本土最后一次激战。

卡洛登战役
1745年詹姆斯党叛乱的一部分
日期 1746年4月16日 地点 印威内斯以东卡洛登 格网参考 NH742450[1] 57°28′42″N 4°5′51″W 结果 英格兰王国政府军胜利 詹姆斯党战败
参战方
大不列颠	詹姆士党 支持： 法兰西王国
指挥官与领导者
坎伯兰公爵 奥本马尔伯爵 约翰·胡斯克（英语：John Huske） 约翰·莫德诺特（英语：John Mordaunt (British Army officer)） 亨利·霍利（英语：Henry Hawley）	查尔斯·斯图亚特 乔治·默里（英语：Lord George Murray (general)） 唐纳德·卡梅隆（英语：Donald Cameron of Lochiel） 约翰·奥沙利文（英语：John O'Sullivan (soldier)） 约翰·德拉蒙德（英语：John Drummond, 4th Duke of Perth） 詹姆斯·德拉蒙德（英语：James Drummond, 3rd Duke of Perth）
兵力
约9000人 16门大炮	约5400人 12门大炮
伤亡与损失
约50人死亡 259人受伤[2]	1500—2000人伤亡[2][3] 376人被俘[2]

注脚

1. Site Record for Culloden Moor, Battlefield; Culloden Muir; Culloden Battlefield; Battle Of Culloden. Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland.^{[失效链接]}
2. Pittock (2016).
3. Harrington (1991), p. 83.

参考文献

• McGarry, Stephen. Irish Brigades Abroad. The History Press. 2013. ISBN 978-1-84588-799-5.
• Barthorp, Michael. The Jacobite Rebellions 1689–1745. Men-at-arms series 118. Osprey Publishing. 1982. ISBN 978-0-85045-432-1.
• Brown, Stewart J. William Robertson and the Expansion of Empire. Cambridge University Press. 1997. ISBN 978-0-521-57083-1.
• Patterson, Raymond Campbell. A Land Afflicted: Scotland & the Covenanter Wars, 1638–90. 1998.
• Cowan, Ian. The Scottish Covenanters, 1660–1688. London. 1976. ISBN 978-0-575-02105-1. 含有内容需登入查看的页面 (link)
• Duffy, Christopher. The '45: Bonnie Prince Charlie and the Untold Story of the Jacobite Rising. Cassel. 2003. ISBN 978-0-304-35525-9.
• Harrington, Peter. Chandler, David G. , 编. Culloden 1746, The Highland Clans' Last Charge. Campaign series 12. Osprey Publishing. 1991. ISBN 978-1-85532-158-8.
• Gibson, John G. Old and New World Highland Bagpiping. McGill-Queen's University Press. 2002. ISBN 978-0-7735-2291-6.
• Harris, Tim. Restoration: Charles II and his Kingdoms, 1660–1685. London. 2005.
• Harris, Tim. Revolution: The Great Crisis of the British Monarchy, 1685–1720. London. 2006.
• Lockhart, George. The Lockhart papers: containing memoirs and commentaries upon the affairs of Scotland from 1702 to 1715 2. London: London, Printed by R. and A. Taylor, for W. Anderson. 1817.
• Maclean, Fitzroy. Scotland, A Concise History. Thames and Hudson. 1991. ISBN 978-0-500-27706-5.
• Magnusson, Magnus. Scotland: The Story of a Nation. Grove Press. 2003. ISBN 978-0-8021-3932-0.
• Monod, Paul Kleber. Jacobitism and the English People, 1688–1788. Cambridge University Press. 1993. ISBN 978-0-521-44793-5.
• Paoletti, Ciro. "The Battle of Culloden: A Pivotal Moment in World History." Journal of Military History 81.1 (2017). pp 187–198.
• Pickering, W. (编). An Old Story Re-told From The "Newcastle Courant". The Rebellion of 1745.. 1881 [2022-05-23]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-23）.
• Pollars, Tony, ed. Culloden: The History and Archaeology of the Last Clan Battle (Pen & Sword Military, 2009)
• Prebble, John. Culloden. Atheneum. 1962.
• Prebble, John. The Lion in the North. Penguin Books. 1973. ISBN 978-0-14-003652-7.
• Reid, Stuart. British Redcoat 1740–1793. Warrior series 19. London: Osprey Publishing. 1996. ISBN 978-1-85532-554-8.
• Reid, Stuart. 1745, A Military History of the Last Jacobite Rising. Sarpedon. 1996. ISBN 978-1-885119-28-5.
• Reid, Stuart. Highland Clansman 1689–1746. Warrior series 21. Osprey Publishing. 1997. ISBN 978-1-85532-660-6.
• Reid, Stuart. Culloden Moor 1746: The Death of the Jacobite Cause. Campaign series 106. Osprey Publishing. 2002. ISBN 978-1-84176-412-2.
• Reid, Stuart. The Scottish Jacobite Army 1745–46. Elite series 149. Osprey Publishing. 2006. ISBN 978-1-84603-073-4.
• Roberts, John Leonard. The Jacobite Wars: Scotland and the Military Campaigns of 1715 and 1745. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 2002. ISBN 978-1-902930-29-9.
• Royle, Trevor. Culloden: Scotland’s Last Battle and the Forging of the British Empire (Abacus, 2017).
• Sadler, John. Culloden: The Last Charge of the Highland Clans. NPI Media Group. 2006. ISBN 978-0-7524-3955-6.
• Smith, Hannah. Georgian Monarchy: Politics and Culture. Cambridge University Press. 2006.
• Smurthwaite, David. Ordnance Survey Complete Guide to the Battlefields of Britain. Webb & Bower. 1984.
• Thompson, Andrew C. (2011) George II: King and Elector. New Haven, CT / London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11892-6
• Trench, Charles Chevenix (1975) George II. London: Allen Lane. ISBN 0-7139-0481-X

Film and documentaries

• Watkins, Peter (director/writer). Culloden. BBC. 15 December 1964.
• Culloden: The Jacobites' Last Stand. Battlefield Britain. 2004. BBC.
• 互联网电影数据库（IMDb）上《The Battle of Culloden》的资料（英文） (TV movie, BBC, 1964)