兰氏结(英语:Nodes of Ranvier)又名郎飞结,郎飞氏结。是神经元的一部分,以首位描述该结构的法国科学家路易斯·安托万·兰维尔为名[1]。
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神经元的髓鞘包覆着轴突,兰氏结是神经元上每隔数毫米就会出现的没有髓鞘的部分。
跳跃传导学说认为,因为在兰氏结之间的结间区的电阻极高,而在结区的电阻极低,并且轴突膜仅在结区可接触细胞外液,所以,局部电流必须在兰氏结处穿出膜在髓鞘处形成回路,进行跳跃式传导[2]。
虾的内侧大纤维没有兰氏结[3]。
- 结间段(节间段、结间体)
- 施旺细胞
- 少突神经胶质细胞(少突胶质细胞、寡突胶细胞、寡突细胞、少突细胞、稀少突起阿胶细胞、稀突起胶细胞)
- 髓磷脂
R. Douglas Fields,〈大脑白质有价值〉,《科学人》第74期2008年4月号,第44-54页,2009-4-20查阅
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