Blanche Bruce

Blanche Kelso Bruce (1 Oṣù Kẹta, 1841 – 17 Oṣù Kẹta, 1898) je oloselu ara U.S to soju fun ipinle Mississippi gege bi Republikani ni Ile Alagba Asofin U.S lati 1875 de 1881 beesini ohun ni alagba asofin omo Afrika Amerika akoko to soju igba re tan. Hiram R. Revels, to wa bakanna lati Mississippi, ni omo Afrika Amerika to soju ni Kongresi U.S., sugbon ko soju igba re tan.

Blanche Kelso Bruce
Alagba Asofin U.S. lati Mississippi
In office March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1881
Asíwájú	Henry R. Pease
Arọ́pò	James Z. George
Àwọn àlàyé onítòhún
Ẹgbẹ́ olóṣèlú	Republikani
(Àwọn) olólùfẹ́	Josephine Willson Bruce
Profession	olóṣèlú, olùkọ́, àgbẹ̀

Igbesiaye

Bruce je bibi ni Prince Edward County, Virginia nitosi Farmville fun Pettis Perkinson, to je alawofunfun to ni oko ogbin ni Virginia, ati fun eru ile omo Afrika Amerika toruko re unje Polly Bruce. Itoju latowo baba re fi bee dara ti a ba fi we tawon miran. O fun leko po mo awon omo yioku re. Nigba ti Blanche Bruce je odo, o le sere pelu arakunrin obakan re. O je bibi si oko eru nitori ipo iya re, fun idi eyi baba re danidekun lona abofinmu, o si seto fun lati lo kose kan.^[1]

Ile Bruce ni 909 M Street NW ni Washington, D.C. di National Historic Landmark ni 1975

Ni 1850, Bruce ko lo si Missouri leyin igba to di omo ise fun atewe kan. Leyin igba ti Union Army ko iwe-itoro re lati jagun ninu Ogun Abele, Bruce di oluko nile-eko, o si lo si Koleji Oberlin ni Ohio fun odun meji. Leyin na o lo sise bi asona lori oko-ojuomi lori Odo Mississippi. Ni 1864, o ko lo si Hannibal, Missouri, nibi to da ile-eko sile fun awon alawodudu.

Niigba Atunleko, Bruce di oloro nitori awon ile to ni Delta Mississippi. O je yiyansipo akorukosile awon adibo ati adye owoode fun Tallahatchie County koto di pe o bori ninu idiboyan fun sheriff ni Bolivar County. Leyin eyi o tun je yiyansipo si awon ipo miran nibe bi, agbwoode ati olubojuto eto eko, nigba kanna to tun se olotu iwe-iroyin labele. Ni Osu Keji odun 1874, Bruce je didiboyan latowo ile asofin ipnle Mississippi si Ile Alagba Asofin bi Republikani. Ni ojo 14 Osu Keji odun 1879, Bruce solori ipade Ile Alagba U.S., nipa be o di omo Afrika Amerika akoko (ati nikan to je eru tele) to bo sipo yi^[1]. Ni 1880, James Z. George je didiboyan lati ropo Bruce.

Ni Ipejo Onibinibi awon Republikani odun 1880 ni Chicago, Bruce do omo Afrika Amerika akoko to gba ibo kankan ni ipejo idaruko fun ipo ti egbe oloselu ninla kan nipa gbigba ibo mejo fun ipo igbakeji aare. Ni 1881, Bruce je yiyasipo latowo Aare James A. Garfield lati di Olukosile Eto Inawo (Register of the Treasury), eyi tun so Bruce di omo Afrika Amerika akoko ti itowobowe re wa lori owonina orile-ede Amerika.^[2] Bruce sise bi olukosile isele ni Ipinleagbegbe Kolumbia ni 1891–93, ati bakanna bi akorukosile ile akapo titi di igba to ku ni 1898.

Ni ojo 24 Osu Kefa odun 1878, Bruce gbe Josephine Beal Willson (1853–February 15, 1923) lati Cleveland, Ohio niyawo; oko ati iyawo rinajo lo si Europe fun osu merin fun ajo oloyin. Won bi omo won kan soso, Roscoe Conkling Bruce ni 1879. Won so loruko fun Alagba Asofin lati New York Roscoe Conkling, to je olufarawe fun Bruce ni Ile Alagba. Ni 2002, omowe Molefi Kete Asante fi oruko Blanche Bruce si inu akojo Awon omo Afrika Amerika 100 Olokikijulo.^[3]

E tun wo

• Akojo awon ohun akoko awon omo Afrika Amerika

Itokasi

1. Glass, Andrew (February 14, 2008). "Freed slave presides over Senate: February 14, 1879". The Politico. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0208/8508.html.
2. Turkel, Stanley (2005). Heroes of the American Reconstruction: Profiles of Sixteen Educators, Politicians and Activists. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company. p. 6. ISBN 0-786-41943-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=cPzVqTea6JgC&printsec=frontcover#PPA7-IA5,M1. "Senator Bruce was also the first African-American to preside over the Senate and the first African-American whose signature appeared on all the nation's paper currency (as Register of the Treasury starting on May 18, 1881)"
3. Asante, Molefi Kete (2002). 100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-57392-963-8.

Iwe kika

• Graham, Lawrence Otis (2006). The Senator and the Socialite: The True Story of America's First Black Dynasty. New York: Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0060985134.

Awon ijapo ode

• Blanche Bruce at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Retrieved on 2009-03-26
• "Blanche Bruce". Find a Grave. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
• Biography and Joe Kelso.Tripod
• Review of The Senator and the Socialite