1219

1219-yil - (MCCXIX) Julian taqvimining seshanba kunidan (havola to'liq kalendarni ko'rsatadi) boshlangan yil.

Ming yilliklar:	2-mingyillik
Asrlar:	12-asr 13-asr 14-asr
Oʻn yilliklar:	1190-lar 1200-lar 1210-lar 1220-lar 1230-lar
Yillar:	1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218

Voqealar

• Fevral - Pelagius salibchilar qo'shiniga misrliklarga qarshi hujum tayyorlashni buyurdi, ammo ob-havo va himoyachilarning kuchi tufayli muvaffaqiyatsiz bo'ldi. Misr qoʻshinlariga qoʻmondonlik qilayotgan Sulton Al-Komil oʻz atrofidagi fitna tufayli deyarli agʻdarildi. U o'g'li Al-Mas'ud Yusuf tomonidan boshqariladigan Yamanning Ayyubiylar amirligiga qochishni o'ylaydi, ammo ukasi Al-Muazzamning Suriyadan qo'shimcha kuchlar bilan kelishi fitnaga barham beradi. Al-Komil va uning qo‘shini Qohiraga chekinayotgani haqidagi xabarni eshitgan salibchilar Al-Adiliyaga yurishadi. Damietta garnizonidan hujumni qaytarishdan keyin ular 5 fevralda shaharni egallab olishdi^[1].
• Aprel - Salibchilar Damiettani o'rab oldilar, shimolda italyan qo'shinlari, sharqda Templar ritsarlari va Hospitaller ritsarlari, janubda esa Quddus qiroli Ioann I o'zining fransuz va Pizan qo'shinlari bilan. Frizlar va nemis qo'shinlari Nil bo'ylab eski lagerni egallab olishdi. Kesariyalik Valter III boshchiligida Kiprdan salibchilarning yangi to'lqini keladi. Shu bilan birga, Al-Muazzam Tobor tog'idagi va boshqa mudofaa pozitsiyalaridagi istehkomlarni, shuningdek, Quddusning o'zida salibchilar g'alaba qozongan taqdirda ularning himoyasini rad etish uchun buzib tashlashga qaror qiladi. Ba'zi mutaassiblar Muqaddas qabrni vayron qilishni xohlashadi, ammo Al-Muazzam buni rad etadi^[2].
• 7-aprel - Xamaning Ayyubiylar hukmdori Al-Muzaffar II Suriya qo'shinlari bilan Misrga etib keldi va Al-Adiliyadagi salibchilar lageriga ko'plab hujumlar uyushtirdi va ozgina zarba berdi. Ayni paytda, yangi salibchilar kuchlari juda zarur bo'lgan materiallarni olib kelishadi. Misr hujumlari may oyigacha davom etadi, salibchilarning qarshi hujumlari karroksio deb nomlanuvchi Lombard qurilmasi yordamida himoyachilarni sarosimaga solib qo'ydi^[3].
• 8-iyul - Pelagius Pizan va Venetsiya qo'shinlaridan foydalangan holda Damiettaga bir nechta hujumlarni boshladi. Har safar ular himoyachilar tomonidan yunon olovi yordamida qaytariladi. Templar lagerida Al-Komil boshchiligidagi qarshi hujum 31-iyul kuni Tevtonik ritsarlar tomonidan qo'llab-quvvatlangan yangi Grand Master Peire de Montagut tomonidan qaytarildi - bu yerda salibchilar islohot o'tkazmoqda va dushmanni darvozadan tashqarida ta'qib qilmoqda^[4].
• 29-avgust - Salibchilar Faraskurdagi Misr lageriga hujum qilishdi va musulmonlar Mansuraga soxta chekinish kabi ko'rsatishdi. Jon I bir kechada lagerga borishni maslahat beradi, chunki Nil va Manzala ko'li o'rtasidagi mintaqada toza suv yo'q. Al-Komil chekinishni to'xtatishga qaror qiladi va o'z qo'shinlarini tartibsiz salibchilarga hujum qilish uchun aylantiradi va 4300 ga yaqin odamni yo'qotadi^[5].
• Sentyabr - Italiyalik voiz Frensis Assizi salibchilar lageriga keladi va Misrda katoliklikni joriy qiladi. U Al-Komilni ziyorat qilish uchun Pelagiusdan ruxsat so'raydi. Dastlabki rad etishdan so'ng, u Frensisni sulh bayrog'i ostida Faraskurga yuboradi. Al-Komil uni xushmuomalalik bilan qabul qiladi va ko'p sovg'alar beradi. U o'lim to'shagida suvga cho'mish marosimini qabul qiladi va salibchilar lageriga qaytariladi^[6].
• Oktyabr - Al-Komil ikki asirga olingan ritsarni elchi sifatida yuboradi, ular oldingi sulh takliflarini yangilaydi. Agar salibchilar Misrni evakuatsiya qilsalar, u Haqiqiy xochni qaytaradi (Xattin jangida yo'qolgan) va ular Quddusga, butun markaziy Falastin va Jalilaga ega bo'lishlari mumkin. Ioann I uni Angliya, Fransiya va Germaniya zodagonlari bilan birga qabul qilishni maslahat berdi. Pelagius yana tinchlik shartlarini rad etadi^[7].
• 5-noyabr - Damiettani qamal qilish: Salibchilar Damiettaga kirib, uni tashlab ketilgan holda topdilar. Salibchilarning minoralardan uchayotganini ko'rgan Al-Komil shoshib Faraskurdagi qarorgohini tark etadi va Mansuraga chekinadi. Shaharda omon qolganlar yo qullikka yuboriladi yoki nasroniy mahbuslar bilan savdo qilish uchun garovga olinadi. 23-noyabrda salibchilar armiyasi Tinnis shahrini egallab oldi^[8].

Tavalludlar

• 18-fevral – Tettsū Gikai, yapon, Zen Master (k. 1309)
• 5-aprel – Wonjong of Goryeo, Korean ruler (k. 1274)
• Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi, Moorish Sufi leader (k. 1287)
• Ariq Böke (or Buka), Mongol ruler (khagan) (k. 1266)
• Baldwin of Avesnes, French nobleman (k. 1295)
• Christopher I (or Christoffer), king of Daniya (k. 1259)
• Umiliana de' Cerchi, Italian noblewoman (k. 1246)
• William Devereux, English nobleman (k. 1265)

Vafot etganlar

• 6-fevral – Robert of Courçon, English cardinal (b. 1160)
• 13-fevral – Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shogun (b. 1192)
• 17-mart – Rudolph I, Count Palatine of Tübingen (b. 1160)
• 22-mart – Henryk Kietlicz, archbishop of Gniezno (b. 1150)
• 30-aprel – Aldebrandus, bishop of Fossombrone (b. 1119)
• 1-may – Raoul I of Lusignan, French nobleman and knight
• 2-may – Leo II (or Levon), king of Armenian Cilicia (b. 1150)
• 14-may – William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (b. 1146)
• 15-iyun – Theoderich von Treyden, German missionary
• 17-iyun – David of Scotland, Scottish nobleman (b 1152)
• 29-oktyabr – Choe Chung-heon, Korean ruler (b. 1149)
• 3-noyabr – Saer de Quincy, English nobleman (b. 1170)
• 5-noyabr – Hugh IX (the Brown), French nobleman
• 17-dekabr – Conon de Béthune, French knight (b. 1150)
• Casimir II (or Kasimir), duke of Pomerania-Demmin (b. 1180)
• Gerard de Furnival, Norman nobleman and knight (b. 1175)
• Henry de Grey, English nobleman and courtier (b. 1155)
• Inalchuq (or Inalchuk), Khwarezmian governor of Otrar
• John of Béthune, French nobleman and bishop (b. 1160)
• John de Courcy, English nobleman and knight (b. 1150)
• Peter II of Courtenay, Latin emperor of Constantinople
• Richalmus, German Cistercian abbot and biographer
• Scholastique of Champagne, French noblewoman (b. 1172)
• Walter III of Châtillon, French nobleman and knight
• William de Valognes, Scoto-Norman Lord Chamberlain
• Yolanda of Flanders, Latin empress and regent (b. 1175)

Manbalar

1. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, pp. 132–133. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
2. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 133. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
3. Moses, Paul (2009). The Saint and the Sultan: The Crusades, Islam, and Francis of Assisi's Mission of Peace, pp. 16–17. ISBN 978-0-385-52370-7.
4. Van Cleve, Thomas C. (1969). The Fifth Crusade: Prelude to the Siege, pp. 412–413. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
5. Van Cleve, Thomas C. (1969). The Fifth Crusade: Prelude to the Siege, p. 414. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
6. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, pp. 134–135. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
7. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 136. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
8. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, pp. 136–137. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.