Asaase, asaase woiɛ anaasɛ ɛfam yɛ wiase a ɛyɛ den a ɛnni nsuo ase afebɔɔ.[1] Nsaase pii na ɛnnyɛ ne nyinaa na ɛpo so(da nso firi mmerɛ ho) na ɛwɔ esu a ɛho wɔ mfasoɔ pii a ɛbi ne botan, anwea, Dɔteɛ na ɛtɔ da a nsuo a akyene. Nnoɔma pii a nnipa yɛ no wɔ abakɔsɛm mu no, wɔyɛ no wɔ asaase so a ɛboa nsaase nnwuma, ɛma nnipa baabi tena, ne nnoɔma pii. Nnoɔma bi te sɛ dua a yɛfrɛ no terrestrial ne aboa a yɛfrɛ no terrestrial anyini afiri wɔn adikanfoɔ a na wɔfiri nsuo mu. Beaeɛ a asaase ne nsuo hyia no wɔfrɛ no 'coastal zones'. Nkyekyɛmu a ɛda asaase ne nsuo ntam no yɛ adeɛ a ɛhohia paa ma nnipa. Ahoma a yɛde kyɛ asaase ne nsuo mu no bɛtumi agyina nnoɔma bi so anaasɛ nkuraseɛ tumi so.'Maritime' hyeɛ yɛ nhwɛsoɔ ma amanyɔsɛm nkyekyɛmu. Esu ahodoɔ pii a yɛde kyɛ ɛhyeɛ mu no boa ma yɛkyerɛ baabi a nsuo no ne asaase hyia. Mmotan a ayɛ sɛ asaase no boa wɔ ne nkyekyɛmu nom kyɛn ɛhyeɛ a ɛda so, a yɛnhunu baabi a asaase no si ne baabi a nsuo no hyɛ aseɛ. Nea yɛde kyekyɛ nsaase mu no bɛtumi asesa ɛnam wiem no ne asoɔkye. Sɛ yɛde nnwuma ahodoɔ a ɛkasa fa din ahodoɔ ho reyɛ nkaeɛ a asaase sane ne nnoɔma bi a ɛbɛtumi ama yɛn adwadeɛ, saa ara nso na asaase yɛ adeɛ baako a ɛma yɛ adwadeɛ na akatua no ne mfasoɔ a wɔnya no ɛnam asaase so no na wɔde tua ɛdan ka.
Edin asaase firi Old English "fam, anwea', sane nso yɛ ' asaase no fa baabi, obi fie, ɔman a amanyɔkuo akyɛm'. Ɛsesa firi Proto-Germanic*manfa ne proto-Indo-European*lend-'land, Apomuden '. Edin no wɔ nkyerɛaseɛ pii wɔ kasa ahodoɔ bi te sɛ Old Norse:asaase,Old Frisian:asaase, Gothic:asaase, German:asaase,Old Irish: asaase, Middle Welsu:IIan'baabi a ɛhɔ abue', Welsh: IIan 'nea ate ne ho, asɔre ', Newton: Iann 'apomuden', Church Slavonic: ledina'asaase a ayɛkwa, apomuden ', ne Czech: lada'asaase a yɛagyae ato hɔ'. Gothic abɔseɛ no adanseɛ a ɛfa asaase ho kyerɛ sɛ, na asaase nkyerɛaseɛ paa ara ne 'asaase no fa baabi a ɛyɛ ankorankorɛ bi anaa ɔman bi deɛ'. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ paa no seisei ɛne ɔman na ɛbɔ so.[2] Asaase a ɛbɛn ɛpo no yɛfrɛ no 'landmass'. Ɛwɔm sɛ wɔbɛtumi atwerɛ abom de akyerɛ nsonsonoeɛ a 'landmass' ɛda dwuma a ɛdi no mu sɛ ɛyɛ nsusudeɛ a yɛde susu asaase- wɔde gyina hɔ ma edin mmienu nso. 'Landmasses' no bi ne supercontinents, Continents ne supɔ. Yɛwɔ 'Landmass' ahodoɔ pii wɔ asaase so:Afro-Eurasia, the Americas, Antarctica, ne Australia. Asaase a yɛbɛtumi de adua mfudeɛ no yɛfrɛ no 'arable land'.[3] Wɔbɛtumi afrɛ ɔman anaasɛ mantam motherland, farherland anaasɛ homeland ma nnipa no. Aman ahodoɔ pii ne nkuro pii wɔ edin a asaase ka ho(nhwɛsoɔ. Iceland, Greenland ne New Zealand).
Nnoɔma a wɔhunuu no wɔ Solar system no firi 4.5672±0.0006 bya (mfeɛ pepepe akyire);[4] ne saa nti no asaase baa saa aberɛ no. 'Primordial asaase' no wɔnyaa no4.54±0.04 bya,[5]. Sɛ yɛreyɛ Solar system ne ne nsesaeɛ no hyɛɛ aseɛ wɔde awia yɛɛ wɔ tandem. Solar nebula nyaa ne dede firii ɔhyɛ a na aseɛ a ɛfiri molecular cloud, a ɛhyɛ aseɛ twan ne ho kɔ circumstellar disc, a ewiase no ne nsoromma no nyini wɔ tandem mu. Nebula wɔ gyamframa, ice grains ne mfuturo (a primordial nuclides ka ho). Wɔ nebular mu no, planetesimal hyɛɛ aseɛ a ɛnyaa cohesive clumping ne nea ano yɛ den. Nea ɛboa primordial asaase no ano kɔɔ 10-20 myr.[6] Asaase ne ɛpo no nnoɔma a ɛma egya pii firi asaase mu ne nnoɔma a ɛma ntutuo firi nsuo mu pii na ɛka bom yɛɛ. Nea ɛde ewiase ɛpo baeɛ yɛ 'condensation' ne nsuo a asteroids, proto-planets, ne comets de ba.[7] Wɔ ne nyinaa mu no,'greenhouse gases' na ɔkora ɛpo na mma no nkyene berɛ a na awia a ɛreba foforɔ no wɔ luminosity ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduoson.[8] Nnoɔma a ɛkye asaase no wɔnyaa no 3.5bya, a ɛboa bɔɔ ewiem nsakraeɛ no ho ban sɛ awia no mframa no mmɔ no.[9] Ewiem no ne ɛpo a ɛwɔ asaase no so no tena asaase no a ɛboa ma wɔde nnoɔma fa so.[10] 'Crust' a ɛkaa asaase no bom no, wɔtee berɛ a asaase no 'molten layer' dwodwoo de yɛɛ 'solid masa' sɛdeɛ ntutuo a ɛfiri nsuo mu hyɛ aseɛ yɛ adwuma wɔ wiem. 'Biodiversity' sesaa bɛyɛ mfeɛ mpempem, berɛ a asaase no tumi kora nnipa no, na ɛmu terɛ gyesɛ nnipa no ma no ka.[11] Saa ɔkwan mmienu yi[12] a ɛkyerɛ 'landmass'mu no kyerɛɛ sɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ɛnyini brɛɛ kɔ nnɛ deɛ mu[13] anaasɛ sɛ ɛnyini ntɛntɛm[14] wɔ asaase abakɔsɛm [15]mu a baeɛ bi a akyɛ nso ka ho.[16] Asasetam a wɔde plate tectonics yɛɛ, adeɛ a ɛhyew a ɛnni mu ama ɛso ate afiri asaase no. Wɔ mmerɛ nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛkyɛ bɛyɛ ɔpepem ɔha akyire no, Asasetam kɛseɛ no aka abom a ɛmu abubu mprɛnsa. Bɛyɛ 750 mua(mfeɛ ɔpepepem akyire), Rodinia yɛ ɛmu baa a ɛdikan baaeɛ, a ɛmu kyɛɛ. Ɛno akyire no Asasetam no sane ne Pannotia, 600-540mya bom, na akyire no Pangaea a ɛno nso mu pae 180 mya bɛkaa ho.[17]
Asaase beaɛ a(wɔsane wɔfrɛ no asaase kɛseɛ) yɛ asaase no kɛseɛ ma ɔman bi anaasɛ mantam bi(a ɛbɛtumi ayɛ asaase a nsuo atwa ho ahyia fa bi a ɛnka ho). Asaase no nyinaa yɛ 148,939,063.133 km2 (57,505,693.767 sq mi) a ne nyinaa ɛyɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduonu nkron akyiripɔ mmienu, a nsuo no nso ka ho. Nsuo fa planimetri. Asaase no bɛyɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduoson akyiripɔ nnwɔtwe, wɔ ɛpo tebea mu ne nsuo mu; nanso saa Ɔfa no asaase no ama ɛso ate.[18]
| FAO Code | Type[21] | 1992 | 2001 | 2015 | Share in 2015 | Change from 1992 | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [6970] | Artificial surfaces (including urban and associated areas) | 26.04 | 34.33 | 55.40 | 0.37% | 29.35 | |
| [6971] | Herbaceous crops | 1,716.22 | 1,749.58 | 1,712.15 | 11.50% | −4.06 | Arable land |
| [6972] | Woody crops | 162.86 | 181.32 | 199.90 | 1.34% | 37.04 | Arable land |
| [6973] | Multiple or layered crops | Arable land | |||||
| [6974] | Tree-covered areas | 4,434.92 | 4,393.70 | 4,335.00 | 29.11% | −99.93 | Large decrease |
| [6975] | Mangroves | 18.06 | 18.39 | 18.74 | 0.13% | 0.67 | |
| [6976] | Shrub-covered areas | 1,685.00 | 1,669.65 | 1,627.34 | 10.93% | −57.66 | Large decrease |
| [6977] | Shrubs and/or herbaceous vegetation, aquatic or regularly flooded | 202.61 | 194.77 | 185.39 | 1.24% | −17.23 | |
| [6978] | Sparsely natural vegetated areas | 891.78 | 878.69 | 868.07 | 5.83% | −23.71 | |
| [6979] | Terrestrial barren land | 2,001.25 | 2,000.87 | 1,884.00 | 12.65% | −117.25 | Large decrease |
| [6980] | Permanent snow and glaciers | 78.59 | 84.32 | 84.29 | 0.57% | 5.70 | |
| [6981] | Inland water bodies | 432.60 | 435.00 | 444.57 | 2.98% | 11.97 | |
| [6982] | Coastal water bodies and intertidal areas | ||||||
| [6983] | Grassland | 1,793.65 | 1,806.50 | 1,801.14 | 12.09% | 7.50 | |
| Total Land Area | 14,893.91* | 100% | |||||
- Terrain ne topsoil ma 'land cover" no kɔ soro bɛyɛ ɔpepem aduosia nan (64 Gha) nanso ne dodoɔ no yɛ pɛ.[22]
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