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Msumba wa Chipata ndi msumba wa chigaŵa cha Eastern Province of Zambia na Boma la Chipata. Msumba uwu ukaŵa wa nambara 5 mu charu ichi, pamanyuma pa Lusaka, Ndola, Kitwe na Livingstone, na pulezidenti Edgar Lungu pa 24 February 2017. Msumba uwu ukakura mwaluŵiro pa nkhani ya vyachuma na vinthu vinyake ivyo vikawovwira kuti uŵe msumba.[1][2]
Chipata | ||
---|---|---|
City | ||
Chipata | ||
File:Chipata skyline.jpeg | ||
Coordinates: 13°38′43″S 32°38′47″E | ||
Charu | Zambia | |
Province | Eastern Province | |
District | Chipata District | |
Founded | 1898 | |
City status | 2017 | |
Government | ||
• Type | Local Government | |
• Mayor | George Mwanza | |
Area | ||
• Urban | 59.44 sq mi (153.94 km2) | |
Elevation | 3,875 ft (1,181 m) | |
Population (2022) | ||
• City | 327,059 | |
• Density | 501/sq mi (193.4/km2) | |
• Metro | 327,059 | |
Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) | |
Area code | +260 216 | |
Climate | Aw |
Chipata chili makilomita 570 kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Lusaka, msumba ukuru wa Zambia.[3] Malo agha ghali pa mtunda wa makilomita 150 kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Lilongwe, msumba ukuru wa Malawi.[4] Malo agho Chipata walipo ni 13°38'43.0"S, 32°38'47.0"E (Latitude:13°38'43.0"S; Longitude:32°38'47.0"E). Chipata chili pa mtunda wa mamita 1,181 pachanya pa nyanja.[5]
Ku Chipata kuli msika wamakono, chipatala, malo ghakugulira, yunivesite, makoleji na masukulu ghanandi. Mu tawuni iyi muli hotelo ya nyenyezi zinayi, malo ghakucitira gofu, ciŵanja ca ndege, na "mphepete mwa phiri". Mu vigaŵa ivi muli Kalongwezi, Moth, na Little Bombay.
Chipata ni mulongozgi wa chigaŵa wa mtundu wa Ngoni wa ku Zambia. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Ngoni ŵakayowoyanga viyowoyero vya mafuko agho ŵakathereska, ntheura ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakayowoyanga Chichewa na Chinsenga. Ili kufupi na mphaka na Malawi, ndipo lili pa Great East Road iyo yikukolerana na Lilongwe 150 km (93 mi) kumafumiro gha dazi, na Lusaka 570 km (354 mi) kumanjiliro gha dazi.[6] Malo agha ndigho ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kuluta ku South Luangwa National Park.
Zina lakuti Chipata likufuma ku lizgu la Chichewa lakuti "Chimpata" ilo likung'anamura "malo ghakuru". Zina la chigaŵa cha Kapata, ilo likaŵa likuru la tawuni iyi, lili kufuma ku lizgu lakuti Chewa ilo likung'anamura "malo ghachoko".
Chipata wakachemekanga kuti Fort Jameson (panji kuti "Fort Jimmy"), ndipo wakachemeka na zina la Sir Leander Starr Jameson, wandale wa ku Britain wa mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800. Nanga ni mu nyengo ya muwuso wa ŵasilikari, mbanthu ŵacoko comene awo ŵakagomezganga kuti Jameson, uyo wakumanyikwa comene cifukwa ca kucitako nkhondo yakucemeka Jameson Raid, wakeneranga kuŵa na zina la msumba uwu. Nga ni 'Fort Manning' na 'Fort Rosebery,' Fort Jameson nayo wakacemekanga "nkhongono" cifukwa maofesi gha boma, panji "Boma", ghakaŵa na malinga.
Fort Jameson yikaŵa msumba ukuru wa boma la Britain la kumpoto kwa Rhodesia pakati pa 1900 na 1911.
Mulara wa msumba wa Chipata ndiyo ni mulongozgi wa boma.
Mu 2010, mu tawuni iyi mukaŵa ŵanthu 455,783,[7] Chigaŵa cha Chipata ndicho chili na ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene mu charu ichi. Mu 2010, mu tawuni ya Chipata mukaŵa ŵanthu 116,600. Ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene mu tawuni iyi mba Chichewa, Tumbuka, Ngoni, na Nsenga.[8]
Chipata ndiyo yikaŵa malo ghakwendeskera malonda pakati pa Zambia na Malawi. Malo ghakusungirako vyakurya ghakaŵa mu chigaŵa cha Chipata. Malo ghaŵiri ghakuzirwa ni Kavulamungu Bargain Centre, na Ally & Sons.
Ciphikiro ca Nc'wala ca ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Ngoni cikucitikira ku Mutenguleni, kufupi na Chipata. Ciphikiro ici cikucitika kuumaliro wa Febuluwale, ndipo cikulongora kuti vipambi vikwamba kuvuna[1]
Chipata wali na mahotelo ghankhondi na nyumba zinandi za ŵalendo. Vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakutemwa ku Chipata ni Protea Hotel. Crystal Springs Hotel yili pa mtunda wa makilomita 1.5 kufuma mu msumba wa Malawi ndipo yili na holo ya maungano na chiziŵa. Yafiska vyaka vyakujumpha 25. Nyamfinzi Hotel, Fort Jameson and Luangwa House operated by Hostels Board of Zambia.
Nyumba zinyake zakucemeka Guest Houses and Lodges ni izi:
• Dean's Hillview Lodge
• Eastern Comfort Lodge
• Pineview Guest House
• La Rochelle
• Franklin Gardens
• Jemita Guest House
• Dredel Lodge
• Travel Lodge
• Golf Rest House
• Chiwayu Guest House
• Yanja Lodge
• Mama Rula's campsite
• Kigelia Campsite
• Mwana Chanda Lodge
• Mukels Lodge
• Fort Young's Lodge
• Chikhute Guest House
• Wise Donkey Guest House
• Roadside Guest House
• Sunnyside Lodge
• Katuta Lodge
• Crossroads Lodges
• Gloka Guest House
• Calmrest Lodge
• Mercury one Lodge
• CTV Lodge
• Streamside Guest House
• Chipata Motel
• VNT Motel
• Tilandile Guest House
• Murphy Guest House
• Hom's cottage
• Rombando Executive Lodge
• Chansolo Lodge
• Malent
• Escape view Lodge
• New Horizon view Lodge
• Eastlands Lodge
• Redmont Guest House
• Chatowa Lodge
• Kum'mawa Lodge
Mu Ogasiti 2011, njanji ya Sena yikajulika, ndipo yikafika mu msumba wa Chipata ku Malawi. Sono Chipata ndiyo yizamuŵa malo ghakulongozgera njanji ya ku Zambia kufuma ku Malawi na kunyake. Kufuma waka mu 1982, chipata chichoko ichi, icho chili pa mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 35, chikovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵafike ku chipatala cha Nacala ku Mozambique. Msewu uwu uli kunozgeka kale, ndipo uli na chipata cha Chipata na nyumba yikuru ya siteshoni.
Nthowa iyi yikovwira kuti munthu wafike ku misewu yiŵiri iyo yilipo ya sitima iyo yikuluta ku nyanja ya Indian Ocean, ku Dar es Salaam na Beira. Mu 2015 ŵakakhumbanga kuzenga sitima yakuya ku Serenje, tawuni iyo yili pa msewu wa TAZARA Railway.[9]
Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa cha Chipata ŵakwenda mu matekisi, ndipo ghanandi mwa matekisi agha ni Toyota Corolla. Mtundu unyake uwo ŵanthu ŵakwenda nawo ni njinga. Vinthu ivi vikwendeska ŵanthu pa ndalama zichoko chomene pakuyaniska na tekisi. Msumba wa Chipata ukumanyikwa na ŵanthu ŵanandi chifukwa cha njinga. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakwenda pa njinga chifukwa chakuti mu tawuni iyi mukaŵa fakitare ya Luangwa iyo yikaŵako m'ma 1990. Ndipouli, matekisi gha pa njinga ghakumalira pa njinga zamoto izo zikuzara comene mu msumba uwu. Njinga, njinga zamoto zingayegha ŵanthu pafupifupi kulikose, nanga nkhu malo agho galimoto zingafikako yayi. Kweniso, mabasi ghaswesi agho ghakaŵa na mphete yiphya (mbala ya chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi) agho ŵanthu ŵakughacemanga kuti "Bongo" ghakugwiliskirika nchito nga ni galimoto za ŵanthu wose mu Chipata kwa vyaka pafupifupi 10. Mu Chipata, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakwenda na mabango. Kanandi ŵanthu ŵakwenda mu malo ghakukhala ŵanthu ŵanandi. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakusangika mu misewu yichoko chomene chifukwa ŵakukhala mu malo agho muli ŵanthu ŵanandi nga ni Mchini, Navutika, Sido, Kapata na Magazine. Vigaŵa vinyake vikupelekekaso yayi chifukwa cha ŵamalonda yayi kweniso misewu yinonono. Ndipouli, ŵanthu ŵa ku Chipata ŵakwenjerwa comene cifukwa cakuti mabasi na matekisi ghakuleka kulondezga malango gha msewu. Vinyake mwa vinthu ivi ni galimoto zinandi zambura kulembeska, izo ni zambura kwenelera kwenda pa msewu, kweniso njinga zamoto izo zikuzomerezgeka kwenda pa msewu. Mu nyengo yasono apa, ŵanthu ŵakutimbana na kwiba njinga.
Mabasi na matekisi ghakwendeskaso ŵanthu ku mizi yakutali kuwaro kwa Chipata na matawuni ghanyake mu chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi. Mungaluta ku Katete, Sinda, Petauke na Nyimba pa basi ya Lunkhwakwa/pa msika wa COMESA. Ndipo awo ŵakuluta ku Chadiza ŵakukhala ku Mbanyane Station. Ŵanyamata awo ŵakuluta ku Lundazi ŵakusangika pa Old Welcome pafupi na Kobil Petrol station. Ndipo para munthu wakuluta ku Mfuwe panji South Luangwa wakuluta ku Kapata Main bus station. Mabasi ghakwendeskera katundu agho ghakuluta ku Mwami ghakusangika pa msewu wa Umodzi panthazi pa Saturday Market ndipo Gondar Barracks station yili pa basi ya Highway bakers.
Chipata chili na milonga yinayi iyo yikuthira mu mlonga wa Luangwa. Mlonga wa Luangwa ukufuma ku Lilonda na Mafinga Hills kumpoto-kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Zambia pa mtunda wa mamita pafupifupi 1500 kufupi na mphaka na Tanzania na Malawi, ndipo ukwenda kumwera-kumanjiliro gha dazi kujumpha mu dambo likuru.[10] Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa ichi ŵakugwiliskira ntchito maji gha mu milonga na mu mlonga wa Luangwa pakulima.
Pali mitundu yitatu ya dongo, Acrisols, Fersiallitic, na Lithosols. Pali mitundu yinayi ya vyakumera, ndipo yikuru ni ya Brachystegia (Miombo) na Munga.
Climate data for Chipata | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 32.1 (89.8) |
31.8 (89.2) |
32.4 (90.3) |
32.7 (90.9) |
32.2 (90.0) |
29.9 (85.8) |
29.9 (85.8) |
33.0 (91.4) |
36.1 (97.0) |
37.5 (99.5) |
38.0 (100.4) |
34.9 (94.8) |
38.0 (100.4) |
Average high °C (°F) | 27.2 (81.0) |
27.4 (81.3) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.6 (81.7) |
26.6 (79.9) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.9 (76.8) |
27.1 (80.8) |
30.3 (86.5) |
32.1 (89.8) |
31.2 (88.2) |
28.1 (82.6) |
27.9 (82.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 22.1 (71.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
22.0 (71.6) |
21.4 (70.5) |
20.0 (68.0) |
18.2 (64.8) |
18.1 (64.6) |
20.4 (68.7) |
23.9 (75.0) |
25.6 (78.1) |
24.9 (76.8) |
22.6 (72.7) |
21.8 (71.2) |
Average low °C (°F) | 18.2 (64.8) |
18.0 (64.4) |
17.9 (64.2) |
16.7 (62.1) |
14.2 (57.6) |
11.7 (53.1) |
11.8 (53.2) |
14.2 (57.6) |
17.7 (63.9) |
19.9 (67.8) |
19.6 (67.3) |
18.6 (65.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
Record low °C (°F) | 13.2 (55.8) |
13.2 (55.8) |
11.8 (53.2) |
9.7 (49.5) |
6.5 (43.7) |
3.3 (37.9) |
4.0 (39.2) |
3.7 (38.7) |
7.2 (45.0) |
12.4 (54.3) |
12.8 (55.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
3.3 (37.9) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 252.7 (9.95) |
225.4 (8.87) |
166.9 (6.57) |
49.6 (1.95) |
4.4 (0.17) |
1.1 (0.04) |
0.3 (0.01) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.8 (0.03) |
13.1 (0.52) |
81.9 (3.22) |
220.7 (8.69) |
1,016.9 (40.04) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 20 | 18 | 14 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 19 | 88 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 80.7 | 81.5 | 78.8 | 72.1 | 64.4 | 59.8 | 55.9 | 48.9 | 42.7 | 45.2 | 56.6 | 75.4 | 63.5 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 158.1 | 148.4 | 201.5 | 234.0 | 266.6 | 258.0 | 260.4 | 275.9 | 276.0 | 269.7 | 216.0 | 167.4 | 2,732 |
Source: NOAA[11] |
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