Morocco
charu cha Ufumu ku Mpoto kwa Afilika / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Morocco (/məˈrɒkoʊ/ (pulikizgani machemelo)),[note 5] mwalamulo, Ufumu wa Morocco, [note 6]ni chalo icho chili mu chigaŵa cha Maghreb kumpoto kwa Africa. Charu ichi chili na nyanja ya Mediterranean kumpoto na Atlantic Ocean kumanjiliro gha dazi. Charu cha Mauritania chili kumwera kwa Western Sahara. Morocco nayo wakukhumba malo gha Ceuta, Melilla, na Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, kweniso virwa vichoko ivyo vikulongozgeka na Spain.[15] Charu ichi chili na malo ghakukwana 446,300 km2 panji 710,850 km2[b], ndipo ŵanthu ŵakukwana 37 miliyoni. Chisopa chake ni Chisilamu, ndipo viyowoyero vyake ni Chiarabic na Chiberber. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Morocco ŵakusazgako mitheto ya ku Arab, Berber, Africa na Europe. Msumba ukuru wa Rabat ni Casablanca.[16][17]
Kingdom of Morocco
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Chiluso: الله، الوطن، الملك (Arabic) ⴰⴽⵓⵛ, ⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ (Standard Moroccan Tamazight) |
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Nyimbo: النشيد الوطني (Arabic) ⵉⵣⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ (Standard Moroccan Tamazight) "National Anthem" |
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Location of Morocco in northwest Africa
Dark green: Undisputed territory of Morocco Lighter green: Western Sahara, a territory claimed and occupied mostly by Morocco as its Southern Provinces[note 3] |
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Msumba Waboma | Rabat | |||||
Msumba usani | Casablanca 33°32′N 7°35′W | |||||
Chiyowoyelo chaboma |
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Spoken languages |
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Foreign languages |
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Mitundu ya Ŵanthu (2012) |
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Vipembezo |
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Mwenecharu | Moroccan | |||||
Mtundu wa Boma | Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy[7] | |||||
- | King | Mohammed VI | ||||
- | Prime Minister | Aziz Akhannouch | ||||
- | Upper house | House of Councillors | ||||
- | Lower house | House of Representatives | ||||
Establishment | ||||||
- | Idrisid dynasty | 788 | ||||
- | 'Alawi dynasty (current dynasty) | 1631 | ||||
- | Protectorate established | 30 March 1912 | ||||
- | Independence | 7 April 1956 | ||||
Ukulu wa Malo | ||||||
- | Malo | 446,300 km2 or 710,850 km2 (274,460 sq mi)[a] (39th or 57th) 274,460 sq mi or 172,413 [b] sq mi |
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- | Maji (%) | 0.056 (250 km2) | ||||
Chiŵelengelo cha ŵanthu | ||||||
- | 2022 estimate | 37,984,655[8] (39th) | ||||
- | 2014 census | 33,848,242[9] | ||||
- | Density | 50.0/km2 189.3/sq mi |
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GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $359.671 billion[10] (55th) | ||||
- | Per capita | $9,808[10] (122th) | ||||
GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $142.874 billion[10] (60th) | ||||
- | Per capita | $3,896[10] (123th) | ||||
Gini (2015) | 40.3[11] medium |
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HDI (2021) | 0.683[12] medium ·123th |
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Ndalama | Moroccan dirham (MAD ) |
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Mtundu Wanyengo | (UTC+1[13] UTC+0 (during Ramadan)[14]) |
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Woko la galimoto | right | |||||
Intaneti yacharu | .ma المغرب. |
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Website maroc.ma |
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a. | ^ The area 446,550 km2 (172,410 sq mi) excludes all disputed territories, while 710,850 km2 (274,460 sq mi) includes the Moroccan-claimed and partially-controlled parts of Western Sahara (claimed as the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic by the Polisario Front). Morocco also claims Ceuta and Melilla, making up about 22.8 km2 (8.8 sq mi) more claimed territory. |
Mu chigaŵa icho ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga mu nyengo ya Paleolithiki vyaka vyakujumpha 300,000 ivyo vyajumpha, ufumu wakwamba wa Morocco ukaŵako mu 788. Kufuma apo, ufumu uwu ukawusika na mafumu ghanandi, ndipo ukafika pachanya chomene mu 11 na 12 C.E., mu nyengo ya Almoravid na Almohad.[18] Kwamba mu ma 700 C.E., ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Morocco ŵakasamukira ku vyaru vya Maghreb. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1400 na 1500 C.E., caru ca Morocco cikasuzgika cifukwa cakuti caru ca Portugal cikapoka vigaŵa vinyake vya caru ici. Ŵanalume ŵa ku Marinid na Saadi ŵakakananga kuwusika na ŵamitundu yinyake, ndipo Morocco ndiyo yikaŵa charu cha kumpoto kwa Africa icho chikapona ku muwuso wa Ottoman. Mu 1631, muwuso wa 'Alawi, uwo ukuwusa caru mpaka lero, ukayamba kuwusa ndipo mu vilimika viŵiri vyakulondezgapo, ukakura comene mu vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi. Chifukwa chakuti charu cha Morocco chili pafupi na mulomo wa Nyanja ya Meditereniyani, ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakamba kukhumba kumanya vinandi vya charu ichi. Mu 1912, France na Spain ŵakagaŵa charu ichi mu vigaŵa viŵiri. Pakati pajumpha nyengo, ŵanthu ŵakamba kuwukira boma la Morocco, ndipo mu 1956, charu ichi chikamba kujiwusa chekha.
Kufuma apo charu cha Morocco chikapokera wanangwa wake, vinthu vikwenda makora yayi. Charu ichi chili na cuma cikuru cacinkhondi pa vyaru vyose vya mu Africa, ndipo cikuŵa na mazaza pa vyaru vya mu Africa na vyaru vya Ŵaarabu.[19] Charu cha Morocco chili na boma lachifumu ilo ŵanthu ŵakulikhumba. Boma la Morocco likuwusika na fumu na nduna yikuru, ndipo nyumba ziŵiri za boma ndizo zili na mazaza ghakulongozga.[20] Themba lili na mazaza ghakupambanapambana gha kuwusa na kwendeska malango, comenecomene pa nkhani za ŵasilikari, ndyali za caru cinyake, na za cisopa.
Morocco yikuphalira boma la Sahara kuti ndilo likulamulira chigaŵa cha Western Sahara, ndipo yikucichema kuti Southern Provinces. Mu 1975, Spain wakati wazomera kuti malo agha ghapelekekenge ku Morocco na Mauritania, nkhondo ya ŵasilikari yikamba. Mu 1979, charu cha Mauritania chikapoka malo agha, kweni nkhondo yikalutilira. Mu 1991, ŵakakolerana kuti ŵaleke kuwombera lumoza, kweni nkhani ya muwuso yikaŵa kuti yindamalizgike. Mazuŵa ghano, caru ca Morocco cili na vigaŵa viŵiri pa vigaŵa vitatu vya caru ici.