Tulang tonggong
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Dina anatomi manusa, tulang tonggong hartina kolom nu disusun ku vertebrae, sacrum, cakram invertebral, jeung coccyx di bagian dorsal torso, anu dipisahkeun ku cakram tulang tonggong. Ieu kolom téh ngimahan saraf dina kanal tulang tonggong.
Tulang tonggong dibagi kana sababaraha kurva luyu jeung perenahna: beuheung, dada, cangkéng, jeung imbit.
Ngaran-ngaran vertebrae
Unggal vertebrae dingaranan luyu jeung perenahna, ti luhur ka handap
Beuheung (sandina 'C' tina cervical) – 7 vertebrae (C1-C7)
- C1 katelahna "atlas", nyambung jeung tangkorak; C2 katelahna "aksis"
- Possesses bifid spinous processes, which is absent in C7
- Ukuranana leutik
Dada (sandina 'T' tina thoracic) – 12 vertebrae (T1-T12)
- Ditangtukeun ku ayana costal facets for the articulation of the héads of ribs
- Ukuranana sedeng, antara vertebra beuheung jeung cangkéng
Cangkéng (sandina 'L' tina lumbar) – 5 vertebrae (L1-L5)
- Ukuranana badag
- Teu boga costal facets nor transverse process foramina
Imbit kabagi dua:
- Sacral – 5 (ngahiji) vertebrae (S1-S5)
- Coccygeal – 4 (ngahiji) vertebrae (Co1-Co4)
Kanal tulang tonggong (vertebral canal) nuturkeun kurva-kurva dina kolom; gedé bentuk segi tiga di bagian kolom anu bisa ojah loba, kayaning dina beuheung jeung cangkéng; leutik bentuk buleud di bagian dada anu teu bosa loba ojah.
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