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| Nelson Mandela | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||
iNkhwekhweti 10, 1994 - iNhlaba 14, 1999 ← F. W. de Klerk - Thabo Mbeki →
iNyoni 2, 1998 - 1999 ← Andrés Pastrana Arango (mul)  - Thabo Mbeki → | |||||||
| Rolihllahla Mandela | |||||||
| Kutalwa | Ema-Mvezo, Kholwane 18, 1918 | ||||||
| IRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika | |||||||
| Inhlalo | Houghton Estate (en) | ||||||
| Lulwimi | siXhosa | ||||||
| Houghton Estate (en) , iNgongoni 5, 2013 | |||||||
| Qunu (en) | |||||||
| (respiratory disease (en) ) | |||||||
| Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa | |||||||
| Mother | Nosekeni Fanny | ||||||
| Evelyn Mase (iMphala 5, 1944 - iNdlovu 19, 1958) Winnie Madikizela-Mandela (iNhlaba 14, 1958 - iNdlovu 19, 1996) Graça Machel (en) (Kholwane 18, 1998 - iNgongoni 5, 2013) | |||||||
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| Imfundvo | |||||||
| Educated at | iNyuvesi yase Witwatersrand INyuvesi yase Ningizimu Afrika ( UNISA) Bachelor of Arts (en) Inyuvesi yaseFort Hare University of London (en) | ||||||
| Languages spoken, written or signed | Singisi siXhosa | ||||||
| Luoi | |||||||
| Luoi | sopolitiki, autobiographer (en) , ummeli, political activist (en) , political prisoner (en) and screenwriter (en) | ||||||
Birth name | |||||||
| Work location | IRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika | ||||||
| Notable work | Long Walk to Freedom (en) | ||||||
| Influenced by | Luis Taruc (en) | ||||||
| Member of | American Academy of Arts and Sciences (en) | ||||||
| Belief | |||||||
| Religion or worldview | Libandla lemaWeseli | ||||||
| Member of political party | African National Congress South African Communist Party (en) | ||||||
| IMDb | nm0541691 | ||||||
| nelsonmandela.org | |||||||
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Nelson Mandela watalelwa endzaweni yaseMvezo ekoloni lesibitwa ngempumalanga koloni nyalo mhla tilishumi nesiphohlongo enyangeni yaJulayi nga 1918 atalwa nguMphakanyiswa Mandela lobekayinkhosi ebaTsenjini amtala kuNosekeni wakaMpemvu lobekangummfati wesitsatfu wakhe.Libito letsiwa lona ekutalweni kwakhe nguRholihlahla nobe "Dvonsalihlahla" ngesiswati lokusho umuntfu lonelichweba.njengoba uyise wakhe Mandela abeyinkhosi eMvezo bantfu bebaletsa tinkhinga tabo kuye,yena abese uyatijuba ngelisiko lesintfu.loko-ke kwabanga lenkhulu inkhinga ngobe watsi asagwebile lelinye licala lamudla lelimudlako. Lona lelimdlile wagijimela ebelumbini labafuna kutsi Mphakanyiswa abuyisele tinkhomo tenhlawulo talomuntfu, kepha yena wangavumi. Loko kwamenta walahlekelwa sikhundla sakhe sebukhosi wasuswa naseMvezo wayiswa eCunu(Qunu). ECunu ngulapho afika angena khona esikolweni,lana esikolweni Thishela wakhe wase umetsa kutsi nguNelson.[1]
Kukhula
Kwatsi Mandela naseneminyaka leyimfica babe wakhe washona adliwa sifo sesifuba ngebuDzeshi iTubercolosis.Mandela kwafuneka kutsi esuke eCunu aye ebukhosini bemaChosa kute atofundza kabanti ngemasiko emachosa ngobe bekungguye lobekufanele atstse sikhundlaseyise eqoqweni lenkhos. lapho wafika wangena sikolwa seWeseli. njengelisiko lemaChosa nakaneminyaka lelishumi nesitfupha waya engomeni wasoka.wabuye wachubeka nesikolwa waya esikolweni iClarkeburry boarding school lapho aphotfula khona wase wendlulela eKolishi lemaWeseli eFort Beaufort lapho acala khona kudlala sibhakela kanye nekugijima.
ekuphotfuleni kwakhe waya kuyofundza eFort Hare enta iBachelor of Arts.kuleNyuvesi wahlangana naOliver Tambo lowaba ngumngani lomkhulu wakhe.lomunye latayelana naye kakhulu nguKaizer Mathanzima lobengumntfwanenkhosi ebukhosini bebaTsembu.Ekupheleni kwemnyaka wakhe wekucala,Mandela wajoyina bafundzi labebakhalata ngendlela bandlancane webafundzi lakhetfwe ngayo.loko kwenta baphatsi bamcoshe esikolweni batsi angabuyi adzimate avumelane nalolukhetfo.
Emva kwekucoshwa kwakhe esikolweni Mandela weva tindzaba tekutsi yena naJustice umnakabo uyise labebangephasi kwelihlo lakhe Jongintaba sewubatfolele bafati.bobabili abajabulanga ngaloku bebakutekelwa ngobe phela bona bebangafani nebantfu bakadzeni ngobe bese batfole umtselela wemasiko aseNshonalanga,babona kuncono babalekele eJozi.batsi nabafika ejozi lomunye babe lowati uyise wabatamela imisebenti ,Mandela waba nguMantjingelane egedeni lasemayini kepha kwatsi nakutfolakala kutsi babalekile ekhaya bacoshwa.Mandela watfola umsebenti weBuBhalane ebamelini khona ejozi ngelusito lwaWalter sisulu.ngesikhatsi asebenta Mandela waphotfula tifundvo takhe langaticedzanga eFort Hare wase wenta tifundvo temtsetfo eNyuvesi yase-Witwatersrand.
Kucala kwepolotiki
Ngemnyaka wa-1942 Mandela wajoyina khongolose ngesikhatsi asolo afundza.emva kwekujoyina kwakhe lenhlangano waba lilungu lelikhutsele layo ,waba sembili futsi nakusukunyiswa luphiko lwayo lensha i-ANC Youth League nga-1944.nga-1952 khongolose wahlela lesikhulu siteleka eJozi lesasekelwa tinkhulungwane tebantfu labamnyama labebangahambisani nembuso welucindzetelo.nga-1955 Mandela kanye netigagayi letinyenti baboshwa babekwa emacala ekulinga kuvukela umbuso.kepha umbuso awumange uphumelele lokwenta kutsi lamacala esulwe.
UMkhonto weSizwe
Mandela nalabanye labamalungu akhongolose bebacabanga kwekutsi akusiti kukhulumisana nemuntfu lophendvula ngesibhamu,kungcono nabo batsatse tikhali balwe.kepha Luthuli abengahambisani nalombono njengoba yena abelikholwa lekucina.Ngemitamo yabo boMandela naboSisulu Luthuli wagcina avumile kutsatsa tikhali kepha nabametsembisa kwekutsi ngete kwafa bantfu labamsulwa.Nga-1961 kwasungulwa umkhonto weSizwe luphiko lwemphi kuKhongolose,Mandela waba ngumholi walo.inhloso yawo uMkhonto weSizwe kwabe kukuphakela emandla embuso ngekubhomisa takhiwo tawo njengemaPosi,tinkantolo,ema-Ofisi netintsambo letisa Gesi emadolobheni.nangabe loko kwehluleka bekutawuvukelwa umbuso.[2]
Emva kwekusungulwa kwalombutfo emaphoyisa amfuna ngala nangala Mandela,kwafuneka aphile ngekubhaca.ngawo umnyaka wa-1961 Mandela wafohla waya e-Aijeriya (Algeria) lapho afundza khona ngebusotja kepha watsi ekubuyeni kwakhe nga-1962 waboshwa ngemacala ekuphuma eNingizimu Afrikha ngalokungekho emtsetfweni wagwetjwa iminyaka lesihlanu ejele.[3][4]
Kufa
Nelson Mandela ushone mhlaka 5 December 2013 emuva kwekugula sikhashane.
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