британска владавина индијским потконтинентом од 1858. до 1947. године From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Британска Индија је била део Британске империје. Појам је дефинисан у Акту британског парламента из 1889. године у коме се каже да се под термином Британска Индија подразумевају све територије под влашћу британског краљевског височанства преко генералног гувернера за Индију или неког другог службеника који је подређен генералном гувернеру Индије.
Британска Индија, 1909.
Британски раж (од , дословно, „управа“ на санскрту и хиндустанском језику)[1] била је владавина Британске круне на Индијском потконтиненту од 1858. до 1947.[2][3][4][5] Ова управа се такође назива владавина круне у Индији,[6] или директна владавина у Индији.[7] Регија под британском контролом често се називала Индија у савременој употреби, и обухватала је подручја под директном управом Уједињеног Краљевства, која су се заједнички звала Британска Индија, и подручја којима су владали домородачки владари, али под британским туторством или надредством, звана кнежевске државе. Регион се понекад називао Индијским царством, мада не и званично.[8]
Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd edition (June 2008), on-line edition (September 2011): "spec. In full British Raj. Direct rule in India by the British (1858–1947); this period of dominion."
Stein, Burton (2010), A History of India, John Wiley & Sons, стр.107, ISBN978-1-4443-2351-1 Quote: "When the formal rule of the Company was replaced by the direct rule of the British Crown in 1858, […]"
Lowe, Lisa (2015), The Intimacies of Four Continents, Duke University Press, стр.71, ISBN978-0-8223-7564-7 Quote: "Company rule in India lasted effectively from the Battle of Plassey in 1757 until 1858, when following the 1857 Indian Rebellion, the British Crown assumed direct colonial rule of India in the new British Raj."
Wright, Edmund (2015), A Dictionary of World History, Oxford University Press, стр.537, ISBN978-0-19-968569-1 Quote: "More than 500 Indian kingdoms and principalities […] existed during the 'British Raj' period (1858–1947)".
Allan, J., T. Wolseley Haig, H. H. Dodwell (1934). The Cambridge Shorter History of India.CS1 одржавање: Вишеструка имена: списак аутора (веза) 996 pp.; at Google
Bandhu, Deep Chand (2003). History of Indian National Congress. 405pp
Bandyopadhyay, Sekhar (2004), From Plassey to Partition: A History of Modern India, Orient Longman. Pp. xx, 548., ISBN978-81-250-2596-2.
Bayly, C. A. (1990), Indian Society and the Making of the British Empire (The New Cambridge History of India), Cambridge and London: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 248, ISBN978-0-521-38650-0.
Brown, Judith M. (1994) [First published 1984], Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy, Oxford University Press. Pp. xiii, 474, ISBN978-0-19-873113-9.
Copland, Ian (2001), India 1885–1947: The Unmaking of an Empire (Seminar Studies in History Series), Harlow and London: Pearson Longmans. Pp. 160, ISBN978-0-582-38173-5
Coupland, Reginald (1945). India: A Re-Statement. Oxford University Press., evaluation of the Raj, emphasising government.
Dodwell H. H., ed. The Cambridge History of India. Volume 6: The Indian Empire 1858–1918. With Chapters on the Development of Administration 1818–1858 (1932) 660 pp. online edition; also published as vol 5 of the Cambridge History of the British Empire
Herbertson, A.J. and O.J.R. Howarth. eds. The Oxford Survey Of The British Empire (6 vol 1914) online vol 2 on Asia pp.1–328 on India
James, Lawrence (2000). Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India.
Judd, Denis (2004), The Lion and the Tiger: The Rise and Fall of the British Raj, 1600–1947, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. Pp. xiii, 280, ISBN978-0-19-280358-0.
Louis, William Roger, and Judith M. Brown, eds. The Oxford History of the British Empire (5 vol 1999–2001), with numerous articles on the Raj
Ludden, David E. (2002), India And South Asia: A Short History, Oxford: Oneworld, ISBN978-1-85168-237-9
Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra; Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra; Datta, Kalikinkar (1950), An advanced history of India
Majumdar, R. C. ed. (1970). British paramountcy and Indian renaissance. (The history and culture of the Indian people) Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
Mansingh, Surjit (2010). The A to Z of India., a concise historical encyclopaedia
Marshall, P. J. (2001), The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire, 400 pp., Cambridge and London: Cambridge University Press., ISBN978-0-521-00254-7.
Metcalf, Barbara D.; Metcalf, Thomas R. (2006), A Concise History of Modern India (Cambridge Concise Histories), Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. Pp. xxxiii, 372, ISBN978-0-521-68225-1
Moon, Penderel. The British Conquest and Dominion of India (2 vol. 1989) 1235pp; the fullest scholarly history of political and military events from a British top-down perspective;
Panikkar, K. M. (1953). Asia and Western dominance, 1498–1945, by K.M. Panikkar. London: G. Allen and Unwin.
Peers, Douglas M. (2006), India under Colonial Rule 1700–1885, Harlow and London: Pearson Longmans. Pp. xvi, 163, ISBN978-0-582-31738-3.
Stein, Burton (2001), A History of India, New Delhi and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pp. xiv, 432, ISBN978-0-19-565446-2.
Thompson, Edward, and G.T. Garratt. Rise and Fulfilment of British Rule in India (1934) 690 pages; scholarly survey, 1599–1933 excerpt and text search
Wolpert, Stanley (2004), A New History of India (7th изд.), Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN978-0-19-516677-4.
Wolpert, Stanley, ed. Encyclopedia of India (4 vol. 2005) comprehensive coverage by scholars
Wolpert, Stanley A. (2006), Shameful Flight: The Last Years of the British Empire in India, Oxford University Press, ISBN978-0-19-539394-1
Специјализоване теме
Baker, David (1993), Colonialism in an Indian Hinterland: The Central Provinces, 1820–1920, Delhi: Oxford University Press. Pp. xiii, 374, ISBN978-0-19-563049-7
Bayly, Christopher (2000), Empire and Information: Intelligence Gathering and Social Communication in India, 1780–1870 (Cambridge Studies in Indian History and Society), Cambridge University Press. Pp. 426, ISBN978-0-521-66360-1
Brown, Judith M.; Louis, Wm. Roger, ур. (2001), Oxford History of the British Empire: The Twentieth Century, Oxford University Press. pp. 800, ISBN978-0-19-924679-3
Buckland, C.E. Dictionary of Indian Biography (1906) 495 pp. full text
Carrington, Michael (мај 2013), „Officers, Gentlemen, and Murderers: Lord Curzon's campaign against "collisions" between Indians and Europeans, 1899–1905”, Modern Asian Studies, 47 (3): 780—819, S2CID147335168, doi:10.1017/S0026749X12000686CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)
Chandavarkar, Rajnarayan (1998), Imperial Power and Popular Politics: Class, Resistance and the State in India, 1850–1950, (Cambridge Studies in Indian History & Society). Cambridge University Press. Pp. 400, ISBN978-0-521-59692-3.
Chatterji, Joya (1993), Bengal Divided: Hindu Communalism and Partition, 1932–1947, Cambridge University Press. Pp. 323, ISBN978-0-521-52328-8.
Copland, Ian (2002), Princes of India in the Endgame of Empire, 1917–1947, (Cambridge Studies in Indian History & Society). Cambridge University Press. Pp. 316, ISBN978-0-521-89436-4.
Dewey, Clive (2003). Anglo-Indian Attitudes: The Mind of the Indian Civil Service.
Ewing, Ann (јун 1982). „Administering India: The Indian Civil Service”. History Today. 32 (6): 43—48.CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза), covers 1858–1947
Fieldhouse, David (1996), „For Richer, for Poorer?”, Ур.: Marshall, P. J., The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 400, стр.108—146, ISBN978-0-521-00254-7
Gilmartin, David. 1988. Empire and Islam: Punjab and the Making of Pakistan. University of California Press. 258 pages. 978-0-520-06249-8.
Gould, William (2004), Hindu Nationalism and the Language of Politics in Late Colonial India, Cambridge U. Press. Pp. 320.
Grove, Richard H. (2007), „The Great El Nino of 1789–93 and its Global Consequences: Reconstructing an Extreme Climate Even in World Environmental History”, The Medieval History Journal, 10 (1&2): 75—98, S2CID162783898, doi:10.1177/097194580701000203, hdl:1885/51009
Hall-Matthews, David (новембар 2008), „Inaccurate Conceptions: Disputed Measures of Nutritional Needs and Famine Deaths in Colonial India”, Modern Asian Studies, 42 (6): 1189—1212, S2CID146232991, doi:10.1017/S0026749X07002892CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)
Headrick, Daniel R. (1988), The tentacles of progress: technology transfer in the age of imperialism, 1850–1940
Hyam, Ronald (2007), Britain's Declining Empire: The Road to Decolonisation, 1918–1968, Cambridge University Press, ISBN978-0-521-86649-1
Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. III (1907), The Indian Empire, Economic (Chapter X: Famine), pp. 475–502, Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. xxx, 1 map, 552.
Khan, Yasmin (2015). India At War: The Subcontinent and the Second World War. ISBN0199753490., wide-ranging scholarly survey excerpt; also published as Khan, Yasmin. The Raj At War: A People's History Of India's Second World War (2015) a major, comprehensive scholarly study
Moore, Robin J. (2001a), „Imperial India, 1858–1914”, Ур.: Porter, Andrew N., Oxford History of the British Empire, Volume III: The Nineteenth Century, стр.422—46, ISBN978-0-19-924678-6
Moore, Robin J. "India in the 1940s", in Robin Winks, ed. Oxford History of the British Empire: Historiography, (2001b), pp.231–42
Porter, Andrew, ур. (2001), Oxford History of the British Empire: Nineteenth Century, Oxford University Press. Pp. 800, ISBN978-0-19-924678-6
Raghavan, Srinath. India's War: World War II and the Making of Modern South Asia (2016). wide-ranging scholarly survey excerpt
Rai, Lajpat (2008), England's Debt to India: A Historical Narrative of Britain's Fiscal Policy in India, BiblioBazaar, LLC, стр.263—281, ISBN978-0-559-80001-6
Raja, Masood Ashraf (2010), Constructing Pakistan: Foundational Texts and the Rise of Muslim National Identity, 1857–1947, Oxford University Press, ISBN978-0-19-547811-2
Ramusack, Barbara (2004), The Indian Princes and their States (The New Cambridge History of India), Cambridge University Press. Pp. 324, ISBN978-0-521-03989-5
Read, Anthony, and David Fisher; The Proudest Day: India's Long Road to Independence (W. W. Norton, 1999) https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=101073461. Недостаје или је празан параметар |title= (помоћ)Архивирано на сајту (27. јун 2008); detailed scholarly history of 1940–47
Shaikh, Farzana (1989), Community and Consensus in Islam: Muslim Representation in Colonial India, 1860–1947, Cambridge University Press. Pp. 272., ISBN978-0-521-36328-0.
Talbot, Ian; Singh, Gurharpal, ур. (1999), Region and Partition: Bengal, Punjab and the Partition of the Subcontinent, Oxford University Press. Pp. 420, ISBN978-0-19-579051-1.
Thatcher, Mary (2008). Respected Memsahibs: an Anthology. Hardinge Simpole.
Tinker, Hugh (октобар 1968), „India in the First World War and after”, Journal of Contemporary History, 3 (4, 1918–19: From War to Peace): 89—107, JSTOR259853, S2CID150456443, doi:10.1177/002200946800300407CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза).
Voigt, Johannes (1988). India in The Second World War.
Wainwright, A. Martin (1993), Inheritance of Empire: Britain, India, and the Balance of Power in Asia, 1938–55, Praeger Publishers. Pp. xvi, 256, ISBN978-0-275-94733-0.
Chaudhuri, Nupur. "Imperialism and Gender." in Encyclopedia of European Social History, edited by Peter N. Stearns, (vol. 1, 2001), pp.515–521. online emphasis on Raj.
Dutt, Romesh C (1901). The Economic History of India under early British Rule.; The Economic History of India in the Victorian Age (1906) online
Gupta, Charu, ed (2012). Gendering Colonial India: Reforms, Print, Caste and Communalism.CS1 одржавање: Вишеструка имена: списак аутора (веза)CS1 одржавање: Текст вишка: списак аутора (веза)
Lockwood, David (2012). The Indian Bourgeoisie: A Political History of the Indian Capitalist Class in the Early Twentieth Century. I.B. Tauris. 315 pages; focus on Indian entrepreneurs who benefited from the Raj, but ultimately sided with the Indian National Congress.
O'Dell, Benjamin D (2014). „Beyond Bengal: Gender, Education, And The Writing Of Colonial Indian History”. Victorian Literature and Culture. 42 (3): 535—551. S2CID96476257. doi:10.1017/S1060150314000138.
Roy, Tirthankar (лето 2002), „Economic History and Modern India: Redefining the Link”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16 (3): 109—30, JSTOR3216953, doi:10.1257/089533002760278749CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)
Sarkar, J. (2013, reprint). Economics of British India ... Third edition. Enlarged and partly rewritten. Calcutta: M.C. Sarkar & Sons.
Tomlinson, Brian Roger (1993), The Economy of Modern India, 1860–1970, New Cambridge history of India, Volume III, 3, Cambridge University Press, стр.109, ISBN978-0-521-36230-6
Tomlinson, Brian Roger (октобар 1975), „India and the British Empire, 1880–1935”, Indian Economic and Social History Review, 12 (4): 337—380, S2CID144217855, doi:10.1177/001946467501200401CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)
Durant, Will (2011, reprint). The case for India. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Ellis, Catriona (2009). „Education for All: Reassessing the Historiography of Education in Colonial India”. History Compass. 7 (2): 363—75. doi:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2008.00564.x.
Gilmartin, David (2015). „The Historiography of India's Partition: Between Civilization and Modernity”. The Journal of Asian Studies. 74 (1): 23—41. S2CID67841003. doi:10.1017/s0021911814001685.
Major, Andrea (2011). „Tall tales and true: India, historiography and British imperial imaginings”. Contemporary South Asia. 19 (3): 331—32. S2CID145802033. doi:10.1080/09584935.2011.594257.
Moor-Gilbert, Bart (1996). Writing India, 1757–1990: The Literature of British India. on fiction written in English
Mukherjee, Soumyen. "Origins of Indian Nationalism: Some Questions on the Historiography of Modern India." Sydney Studies in Society and Culture 13 (2014). online
Parkash, Jai. "Major trends of historiography of revolutionary movement in India – Phase II." (PhD dissertation, Maharshi Dayanand University, 2013). online
Philips, Cyril H. ed. Historians of India, Pakistan and Ceylon (1961), reviews the older scholarship
Stern, Philip J (2009). „History and Historiography of the English East India Company: Past, Present, and Future”. History Compass. 7 (4): 1146—80. doi:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00617.x.
Stern, Philip J. "Early Eighteenth-Century British India: Antimeridian or antemeridiem?." 'Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History. 21 (2): 1—26,. 2020. Недостаје или је празан параметар |title= (помоћ)focus on C.A. Bayly, Imperial Meridianonline.
Whitehead, Clive (2005). „The historiography of British imperial education policy, Part I: India”. History of Education. 34 (3): 315—329. S2CID144515505. doi:10.1080/00467600500065340.
Winks, Robin, ed (1999). Historiography.CS1 одржавање: Вишеструка имена: списак аутора (веза)CS1 одржавање: Текст вишка: списак аутора (веза) vol. 5 in William Roger Louis, eds. The Oxford History of the British Empire, chapters 11–15,
Winks, Robin W (1966). The Historiography of the British Empire-Commonwealth: Trends, Interpretations and Resources.; this book is by a different set of authors from the previous 1999 entry
Young, Richard Fox, ed (2009). Indian Christian Historiography from Below, from Above, and in Between India and the Indianness of Christianity: Essays on Understanding – Historical, Theological, and Bibliographical – in Honor of Robert Eric Frykenberg.CS1 одржавање: Вишеструка имена: списак аутора (веза)CS1 одржавање: Текст вишка: списак аутора (веза)
Editors, Charles Rivers (2016). The British Raj: The History and Legacy of Great Britain’s Imperialism in India and the Indian Subcontinent.
Indian Year-book for 1862: A review of social, intellectual, and religious progress in India and Ceylon (1863), ed. by John Murdoch online edition1861 edition