Averoizam

Averoizam se odnosi na školu srednjovekovne filozofije zasnovanu na primeni dela andaluzijskog filozofa iz 12. veka Averoesa (poznatog u svoje vreme na arapskom kao ابن رشد, ibn Rušd, 1126–1198) komentatora Aristotela, u latinska hrišćanska sholastika.

Ibn Rušd prikazan na slici italijanskog umetnika Andrea di Bonajuto. Firenca, 14. vek.

Latinski prevodi Averoesovog dela postali su široko dostupni na univerzitetima koji su nicali u zapadnoj Evropi u 13. veku, a primili su ih sholastičari kao što su Siger od Brabanta i Boecije iz Dakije, koji su ispitivali hrišćanske doktrine kroz rasuđivanje i intelektualnu analizu.^[1][2]

Termin averoista je skovao Toma Akvinski u ograničenom smislu doktrine averoista o „jedinstvu intelekta“ u svojoj knjizi De unitate intellectus contra Averroistas.^[3] Na osnovu ovoga, averoizam je postao skoro sinonim za ateizam u kasnosrednjovekovnoj upotrebi.^[4]

Kao istoriografsku kategoriju, averoizam je prvi definisao Ernest Renan u Averroès et l'averroïsme (1852) u smislu radikalnog ili heterodoksnog aristotelizma.^[5]

Reference

1. Sonneborn, Liz (2006). Averroes (Ibn Rushd): Muslim Scholar, Philosopher, and Physician of the Twelfth Century. The Rosen Publishing Group. стр. 89. ISBN 1-40-420514-4. Приступљено 3. 11. 2012.CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)
2. More, Alexander (2010). "Averroës" in Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Oxford University Press. стр. 211—212. ISBN 9780198662624. Приступљено 14. 1. 2017.CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)^{[мртва веза]}
3. Hasse 2014, Averroes' Unicity Thesis
4. Averroes "was probably the most widely condemned thinker in the medieval Christian world... Averroism became virtually synonymous with atheism in the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance." Cantor, Paul A., "The Uncanonical Dante: The Divine Comedy and Islamic Philosophy", Philosophy and Literature, 20.1 (1996), pp. 138-153.
5. He says that "the history of Averroism is the history of a misunderstanding" (referring to misleading Latin translations of the Arabic; for example, the word mutakallamin (literally "speakers"), which in Arabic was the normal term for theologians in general, was translated in the Latin versions of Averroes' works as loquentes, giving rise to the accusation that Averroes dismissed all theologians as "chatterboxes".

Literatura

• Hasse, Dag Nikolaus (2014). „Influence of Arabic and Islamic Philosophy on the Latin West”. Ур.: Edward N. Zalta. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.

Spoljašnje veze

• Avicenna and Averroes: latin averroism
• Averroism from the Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy
• Jewish Averroism, Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy
• Averroism from the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906) - Averroism and the philosophy of Judaism.
• "The Eternal Conversation", a personal account of Averroism in the Medieval and Modern Jewish intellectual tradition.