Antagonisti NMDA receptora su klasa anestetika koji antagonizuju, ili inhibiraju dejstvo, N-metil-D-aspartatnog receptora (NMDAR). Oni se koriste kao anestetici za životinje i ljude. Stanje anestezije koje oni indukuju se naziva disocijativna anestezija. Postoji evidencija da antagonisti NMDA receptora mogu da uzrokuju određene tipove neurotoksičnosti ili oštećenja mozga koja se nazivaju Olnejeve ozlede kod glodara, mada takva oštećenja nikad nisu bila ubedljivo zapažena kod primata poput čoveka. Nedavna istraživanja na primatima sugerišu da dok veoma konzistentna i dugotrajna upotreba ketamina može da bude neurotoksična, akutna primena nije.[1][2]
Neki antagonisti NMDA receptora, kao što su ketamin, dekstrometorfan (DXM), fenciklidin (PCP), i azot-monoksid (N2O), su popularne rekreacione droge koje se koriste zbog njihovih disocijativnih, halucinogenih, i euforijantnih svojstava.
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Kvist, T. „Crystal structure and pharmacological characterization of a novel N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist at the GluN1 glycine binding site.”. J Biol Chem. (2013). PMID24072709.